OCN COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SET A+
✔✔S/S of hypomagnesia - ✔✔similar to hypocalcemia
neuromuscular and CNS changes
seizures
✔✔SIADH - ✔✔syndrome characterized by excessive release of antidiuretic hormone
(ADH or vasopressin)
✔✔Most common cause of SVC - ✔✔Cancer, especially non-Hodgkins and lung cancer
✔✔Signs of SVCS - ✔✔JVD
edema of face, neck, upper thorax
dyspnea
tachycardia
✔✔SVCS diagnostic tests - ✔✔CT and MRI
✔✔Tx of SVCS - ✔✔RT, chemo, steroids, surgery
✔✔Superior Vena Cava Syndrome - ✔✔compromised venous drainage of the head,
neck, upper extremities due to compression or obstruction of the vessel
✔✔Most common cause of SVC - ✔✔Cancer, especially non-Hodgkins and lung cancer
✔✔Signs of SVCS - ✔✔JVD
edema of face, neck, upper thorax
dyspnea
tachycardia
✔✔SVCS diagnostic tests - ✔✔CT and MRI
,✔✔Tx of SVCS - ✔✔RT, chemo, steroids, surgery
✔✔Cushings Triad - ✔✔HTN
bradycardia
abnormal respirations
✔✔Pupil changes in ICP - ✔✔unequal, dilated, pinpoint, nonreactive
✔✔Cardiac tamponade definition - ✔✔excessive fluid in pericardial space decreases
hearts ability to fill and pump
✔✔Cardiac Tamponade s/s - ✔✔muffled heart sounds
weak apical pulse
mild tachycardia
mild peripheral edema
✔✔Pericardial effusion diagnostic test - ✔✔2-D echo
✔✔Define spinal cord compression - ✔✔Compression of the thecal sac by a tumor in
the epidural space
✔✔Cauda Equina - ✔✔structure within the lower end of the spinal column, that consists
of nerve roots and rootlets
✔✔Most common loca for malignant invasion of spinal cord that cause SCC -
✔✔Outside of the spinal cord (extradural)
✔✔Most common early symptom of SCC - ✔✔neck or back pain
✔✔Progression of SCC symptoms - ✔✔pain
motor weakness
sensory loss
motor loss
✔✔Pain during SCC usually occurs during what position? - ✔✔Lying down supine
✔✔Diagnostic tests for SCC - ✔✔Plain Xray
bone scan
MRI
CT scan
✔✔Antiangiogenesis factors - ✔✔suppress tumors ability to grow new blood vessels
, ✔✔Cancer - ✔✔malignant disease with 3 characteristics
1. abnormal cell proliferation
2. unchecked local growth and invasion of surrounding tissue
3. ability to metastasize
✔✔Sarcomas originate is what tissue? - ✔✔Connective
✔✔Proto-oncogenes definition - ✔✔gene that regulates normal cell growth and repair
✔✔tumor suppressor gene - ✔✔gene that stops, inhibits, or suppresses cell division
✔✔Neoadjuvant Therapy definition - ✔✔given before primary tx to control potential mets
✔✔CA 125 - ✔✔tumor marker in ovarian cancer, evaluates treatment
✔✔Difference between benign and malignant tumors - ✔✔Malignant can metastasize
✔✔Dysplasia - ✔✔loss of uniformity in the appearance of cells
✔✔Define hematopoesis - ✔✔body's ability to regulate, produce, and develop cells
✔✔Define immune surveillance - ✔✔The body's ability to scan for and destroy
malignant or altered cells
✔✔Hematopoesis begins with which cell? - ✔✔Pluripotent stem cells
✔✔Monoclonal Antibodies
Fab vs Fc - ✔✔Fab is the antigen binding site.
Fc signals cells to destroy the cell it is bound to
✔✔Which antineoplastic categories of drugs are nonspecific? - ✔✔Alkylating
Nitrosureas
Antitumor antibiotics
Hormonal therapies
✔✔What is AUC? - ✔✔Amount of drug exposure or total drug concentration over time.
✔✔What percent of patients receiving below diaphragm RT have sterility? - ✔✔25%
✔✔What dose of radiation will affect serility in:
Males?
Females? - ✔✔Males:
4 cGy temp
5 cGy permanent
SET A+
✔✔S/S of hypomagnesia - ✔✔similar to hypocalcemia
neuromuscular and CNS changes
seizures
✔✔SIADH - ✔✔syndrome characterized by excessive release of antidiuretic hormone
(ADH or vasopressin)
✔✔Most common cause of SVC - ✔✔Cancer, especially non-Hodgkins and lung cancer
✔✔Signs of SVCS - ✔✔JVD
edema of face, neck, upper thorax
dyspnea
tachycardia
✔✔SVCS diagnostic tests - ✔✔CT and MRI
✔✔Tx of SVCS - ✔✔RT, chemo, steroids, surgery
✔✔Superior Vena Cava Syndrome - ✔✔compromised venous drainage of the head,
neck, upper extremities due to compression or obstruction of the vessel
✔✔Most common cause of SVC - ✔✔Cancer, especially non-Hodgkins and lung cancer
✔✔Signs of SVCS - ✔✔JVD
edema of face, neck, upper thorax
dyspnea
tachycardia
✔✔SVCS diagnostic tests - ✔✔CT and MRI
,✔✔Tx of SVCS - ✔✔RT, chemo, steroids, surgery
✔✔Cushings Triad - ✔✔HTN
bradycardia
abnormal respirations
✔✔Pupil changes in ICP - ✔✔unequal, dilated, pinpoint, nonreactive
✔✔Cardiac tamponade definition - ✔✔excessive fluid in pericardial space decreases
hearts ability to fill and pump
✔✔Cardiac Tamponade s/s - ✔✔muffled heart sounds
weak apical pulse
mild tachycardia
mild peripheral edema
✔✔Pericardial effusion diagnostic test - ✔✔2-D echo
✔✔Define spinal cord compression - ✔✔Compression of the thecal sac by a tumor in
the epidural space
✔✔Cauda Equina - ✔✔structure within the lower end of the spinal column, that consists
of nerve roots and rootlets
✔✔Most common loca for malignant invasion of spinal cord that cause SCC -
✔✔Outside of the spinal cord (extradural)
✔✔Most common early symptom of SCC - ✔✔neck or back pain
✔✔Progression of SCC symptoms - ✔✔pain
motor weakness
sensory loss
motor loss
✔✔Pain during SCC usually occurs during what position? - ✔✔Lying down supine
✔✔Diagnostic tests for SCC - ✔✔Plain Xray
bone scan
MRI
CT scan
✔✔Antiangiogenesis factors - ✔✔suppress tumors ability to grow new blood vessels
, ✔✔Cancer - ✔✔malignant disease with 3 characteristics
1. abnormal cell proliferation
2. unchecked local growth and invasion of surrounding tissue
3. ability to metastasize
✔✔Sarcomas originate is what tissue? - ✔✔Connective
✔✔Proto-oncogenes definition - ✔✔gene that regulates normal cell growth and repair
✔✔tumor suppressor gene - ✔✔gene that stops, inhibits, or suppresses cell division
✔✔Neoadjuvant Therapy definition - ✔✔given before primary tx to control potential mets
✔✔CA 125 - ✔✔tumor marker in ovarian cancer, evaluates treatment
✔✔Difference between benign and malignant tumors - ✔✔Malignant can metastasize
✔✔Dysplasia - ✔✔loss of uniformity in the appearance of cells
✔✔Define hematopoesis - ✔✔body's ability to regulate, produce, and develop cells
✔✔Define immune surveillance - ✔✔The body's ability to scan for and destroy
malignant or altered cells
✔✔Hematopoesis begins with which cell? - ✔✔Pluripotent stem cells
✔✔Monoclonal Antibodies
Fab vs Fc - ✔✔Fab is the antigen binding site.
Fc signals cells to destroy the cell it is bound to
✔✔Which antineoplastic categories of drugs are nonspecific? - ✔✔Alkylating
Nitrosureas
Antitumor antibiotics
Hormonal therapies
✔✔What is AUC? - ✔✔Amount of drug exposure or total drug concentration over time.
✔✔What percent of patients receiving below diaphragm RT have sterility? - ✔✔25%
✔✔What dose of radiation will affect serility in:
Males?
Females? - ✔✔Males:
4 cGy temp
5 cGy permanent
