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AP Environmental Science (APES) Study Guide – 5-Page Visual Review Notes

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Digital GoodNotes study notes for AP Environmental Science (APES), covering key Earth systems and environmental science concepts in a concise, visual format. These APES notes are designed for students reviewing for an AP Environmental Science exam, final, or unit test. Topics include Hadley cells and atmospheric circulation, food chains and trophic levels, population growth and decline, the rock cycle, and other Earth system concepts. Includes diagrams, explanations, and organized review material to help connect major AP Environmental Science concepts. These are original myself created APES study notes made in GoodNotes and compiled into a convenient 5-page digital study guide.

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lithosphere
-




rigid rook layer on
thin .


outermost surface of the
3 Earth 's
-


interdependent systems
Earth
ironmaster

inmate: sittin in: moister .ie?im::::::;...roa:::::nn::::.:m.::en.maaeotmon-
r .




-
" .




as Athena sphere , slow
flowing rocks .




Plate boundaries -

the edges of the tectonic plates ,
where two plates will rub against each other leads to .
:
"

convergent boundaries -7 pushed towards each other .



T ¥7 -
Divergent boundary
creates
-

two plates moving away from each other
rift that can be filled w/ magma
. Transform fault boundary
Forming -7 a TWO plates that rub each other back and fourth
-

mountains
.

.




IIaagafIEIiffhffh.IO?ti7feadin
( cont crust to cont crusts "
or volcanos
fgfieaaso; eyarugneauai.es .




( land crust and oceanic
Tusnamis .



crust )



The Rook cycle
rooks formed as compressed sediments Ex eroded rocks and the remains of animals limestone is one kind , rook found near subduction
sedimentary -
a result of . .
.
zones .




Metamorphic
-


formed under a great deal of pressure and neat .
It is formed when sedimentary rocks sink deeper into the Earth . An example of one is slate .




Igneous -
when rook is melted ( into magma II. ava) then re solidify into a rook . Ex . Basalt .




The rock cycle soil
sedimentary

computation took -7 Where does soil come from ? -7




feather
€Meta
"
weanataner Sediments epartgaunde " ay sin
.

g . no, physical weathering ( mechanical weathering )
-

winalwater , natural breakdown of rooks .




" " "" "
semi porous porous
Breakdown of rocks chemically ex The phosphorus cycle which releases nutrients from rooks
-




morphia nonporous chemical weathering
-
- - .
.
,
,




igneous rock b wmiroamrkremaiunmsbi'S ENTITY
/
-
smallest medium ⇐
largest o




cooiinf~WMAGMAcme.li
-

,
-




rock " " "




/
'
'




Iff fi
-


organic

¥41 #
matter
-
,
nonpermeable very permeable etc
-




ing permeable
O
-
- - .




2- one
pastored
rooks .
in 10 hours
w


10090 in 10 Months
-


of water in too yrs , ning ,
- -
-
.




A
.


€ some material
orgnaenrieo



namings :ihe'iii. iii. ::b .im:1?...iieii:i:iiii:::iiiiiii::i:in.....a
" "
'
is :÷÷÷÷÷:÷÷÷÷÷÷÷:
nonunion -


in . .. . ...

I t output . Made farming high yielding 1 effective ,
but made pests =m~n~v ( → unweathered
lack of leaches material
#
biodiversity the soil resistant to pesticides
= die ages , Of nutrients f
.




O O O O 000 R → parent material

0-1
.




%ffafesreinfrtusifnri.9watieornejeaffen.rs Bedrocks
or
Pests , etc .

to
the soil .




Soil Erosion cutting of trees . Soil conservation
r Slash and burn .




→ caused by agriculture ( Tilling ) overgrazing, urbanization deforestation → use animal waste to fertilize reduce
,

Wynn
,
synthetic ones .



( - - ,




pa÷%fesp
Cattle nonporous
exhaust
-7 Practice no tilt and cover Do not till the land before planting , and also plant crops together w , one as the cover

atwnaggpoiaitnts.anniqbigngowrofndosfee.no
outages crops .
, .




, ate

( over for
back
agriculture

, ISTE 's:÷I¥e Air
Hadley
-

l
granary
circulation


sphere
- min gas causer The Atmosphere "

I'es as




Mg→ gµ
ynermo meiosis satehsheotreiaiarsejouwdsa.ir % 's Is zoos

mesosphere OB .
here
ooo ,
Air
dry
← q,
→ ar r descend




J ) ) ) g.
Dfw O ↳

tnf
meteors burn


geosphere 3%Fafra.rs
ozone
This of the




!
pattern of convention




strwifontsmhnehre.jo #
" " Oba " 's called

aweather
is a Haaieyoe "

air


} !!
pens
,




§q
sink
i
1
it
"
-
troposphere is
.




in



# !m
-
- l


)
- Equator
Ear th winds
l l l
eaubafosr.at
sur face '
, -
Hadley cell star ts near the
a ar r " sor t

m*dskdkm*IwhAa
300W
awfmeorsepnewrgr.m.neanirtnreiseso.int?..rtnaeegoenas
and South forming the deserts we
④AT cell

Iffy
,



see .




1¥ : safer liesl
'
Types of winds



Trade winds -

travels quickly propelling
,
across the ocean .
In Northern hemisphere they
,
are blown from northeast known . as Northeast trade winds .
9 westerlies
99
In southern hemisphere ,
winds blow from southeast Known .
as southeast Trade winds .


intertropicalgag 46
Northeast
Trades the II. Hadley cell

intertropical
Elevator convergence
convergence←
westerly
-


Travels southwest in N Hemisphere
.
, Northwest in southern hemisphere . southeast trades 99

Intertropical convergence Zone ( Doldrums ) Air near the elevator just rising no other movements Exists * did
degrees North , south of the Equator
-


,
, . .
westerlies


Jet stream -



High speed currents , fast moving wind in the upper Troposphere . he fear : est -




ENSO : El Nino and La Nina indonesia Philippines ,
are drier
"
ocean temp becomes
Cooler
← El Nino -

ocean mixing is stopped there .
is a decreased amount of plankton 1 fishes South America gets flooded while Australia gets bushfires
.
, .
The Northern Us and canola experience warmer winters .




-




there's cooler canola
flaming than normal while South America gets dry California IFL gets dry and in and the Us
ocean upwelling is enhanced Australia is wetter winters
-

. , . , .




ocean temperature
becomes warmer .



in the
By occurs
thermosphere ! Chapter 3 quiz

1. C 2. Mesosphere 3. E) temp and precipitation

4. B) Greenhouse effect -
V 8) D) An Estuary
✓ 9. A) coldlnutrient right 10 . B) water free to flow V

MD deer V ,
.




12 -

IG atmosphere questions .




Ozone blocks UV light from sun -7 E. Stratosphere

12 .





13 .
Weather .
-7 B) Troposphere

14 heating hooting of
.
air -
D) convention currents

15 . Movement of air -

c) wind


16 Collection of gases by gravity
.
-


A) atmosphere

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