CLASSICS 2902 UPDATED TEST PAPER
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Problems with these approach.. - ✔✔- solely focused on root of problem, and
ignores patients (for instance the pain they'll feel)
✔✔Anthropological approach - ✔✔- relationship between disease, patient, and healer
✔✔Do's and Don'ts in A. approach - ✔✔- do's: wider, integrated perspective on human
interaction and culture
- don'ts: narrow, natural world POV
✔✔Health: Anthropological definition - ✔✔balance between people, nature, and
supernatural
✔✔Health: Generalization - ✔✔- absence of disease
✔✔Health: Modern definition - ✔✔- cultural norm
- fitting into a specific statistic
- say BMI, normal blood pressure, etc.
✔✔Health analyzation into two spheres - ✔✔- personal: how one view's themselves (do
they think they are healthy or not)
- communal: how other perceive a person
✔✔Disease - ✔✔- deviation from the norm
- goal: restoration of health
✔✔How are disease viewed in ancient times> - ✔✔- disruption to communal sphere
- a threat to the community
- if a bunch of people get sick, then there will be little workers, so society may not
function as well as it used to
, - hence goal is restoration
✔✔Medical pluralism - ✔✔- lots of healers to choose from
- can consult more than one healer
✔✔Factors affecting consultation to healers - ✔✔- economics, location, perception of
disease, etc.
✔✔Ancient health care practitioners - ✔✔- physicians from hippocratic schools
- root cutters ("sorcerers")
- drug traders/sellers/makers (pharmacists)
- obstetricians (midwives)
✔✔Mesopotamian - ✔✔- Between Tigris and Euphrates river (Iraq)
- Fertile land- perfect for farming
✔✔Babylonia - ✔✔- Mesopotamian state
- ruled by Hammurabi (1795-1750 BCE)
- conquered by Persian King Cyrus 539 BCE
✔✔Assyria - ✔✔- up north of Babylonia
- rose to prominence 1900 BCE
- collapsed in 612 BCE (Babylonians to be blamed)
✔✔Mesopotamian Religion and Culture - ✔✔- no separation between natural and
supernatural
- Cosmology: all elements have wills/conscious power
- Physical entity and spirit are one
- Supernatural has greater power than humans
✔✔Describe the hierarchy in Mesopotamia... - ✔✔- gods>spirits>humans
- obedience and considerations: relationship between different entities
- humans praise and obey the gods
- gods listen to the humans
✔✔What does good communication with the gods ensure? - ✔✔- good health
✔✔How are symptoms of disease viewed in Mesopotamia? - ✔✔- viewed as messages
from the gods
- they must encode these messages, and figure out what needs to be fixed within the
person or community to restore health
- physiological processes are not important
✔✔T/F, a person needs to sin to get sick? - ✔✔- False
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Problems with these approach.. - ✔✔- solely focused on root of problem, and
ignores patients (for instance the pain they'll feel)
✔✔Anthropological approach - ✔✔- relationship between disease, patient, and healer
✔✔Do's and Don'ts in A. approach - ✔✔- do's: wider, integrated perspective on human
interaction and culture
- don'ts: narrow, natural world POV
✔✔Health: Anthropological definition - ✔✔balance between people, nature, and
supernatural
✔✔Health: Generalization - ✔✔- absence of disease
✔✔Health: Modern definition - ✔✔- cultural norm
- fitting into a specific statistic
- say BMI, normal blood pressure, etc.
✔✔Health analyzation into two spheres - ✔✔- personal: how one view's themselves (do
they think they are healthy or not)
- communal: how other perceive a person
✔✔Disease - ✔✔- deviation from the norm
- goal: restoration of health
✔✔How are disease viewed in ancient times> - ✔✔- disruption to communal sphere
- a threat to the community
- if a bunch of people get sick, then there will be little workers, so society may not
function as well as it used to
, - hence goal is restoration
✔✔Medical pluralism - ✔✔- lots of healers to choose from
- can consult more than one healer
✔✔Factors affecting consultation to healers - ✔✔- economics, location, perception of
disease, etc.
✔✔Ancient health care practitioners - ✔✔- physicians from hippocratic schools
- root cutters ("sorcerers")
- drug traders/sellers/makers (pharmacists)
- obstetricians (midwives)
✔✔Mesopotamian - ✔✔- Between Tigris and Euphrates river (Iraq)
- Fertile land- perfect for farming
✔✔Babylonia - ✔✔- Mesopotamian state
- ruled by Hammurabi (1795-1750 BCE)
- conquered by Persian King Cyrus 539 BCE
✔✔Assyria - ✔✔- up north of Babylonia
- rose to prominence 1900 BCE
- collapsed in 612 BCE (Babylonians to be blamed)
✔✔Mesopotamian Religion and Culture - ✔✔- no separation between natural and
supernatural
- Cosmology: all elements have wills/conscious power
- Physical entity and spirit are one
- Supernatural has greater power than humans
✔✔Describe the hierarchy in Mesopotamia... - ✔✔- gods>spirits>humans
- obedience and considerations: relationship between different entities
- humans praise and obey the gods
- gods listen to the humans
✔✔What does good communication with the gods ensure? - ✔✔- good health
✔✔How are symptoms of disease viewed in Mesopotamia? - ✔✔- viewed as messages
from the gods
- they must encode these messages, and figure out what needs to be fixed within the
person or community to restore health
- physiological processes are not important
✔✔T/F, a person needs to sin to get sick? - ✔✔- False
