AACVPR CCRP UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
●● Phytosterols
Answer: Naturally occurring sterols found in plants. Phytosterols lower
LDL cholesterol levels by competing with cholesterol for absorption in
the intestinal tract.
Sterols added to milk, margarine, orange juice, olive oil, cheese, bread
●● fruits and vegetable
Answer: improve lipids, inflammation, and endothelial function
●● nuts
Answer: high in fat and protein (10-30%)
monounsaturated fats and polyunsaturated fat good for reducing CVD
reduces TC, LDL and apolipoprotein
●● fish
Answer: high quality protein, PUFA, MUFA
fatty fish = omega 3s
lowers TG and reduce inflammation, improve endothelial function, and
limit platelet aggregation
,●● red meat
Answer: higher CVD risk and diabetes
high sat fat in non-lean red meat
●● white meat
Answer: lower cholesterol
●● processed meats
Answer: high sodium and sat fat
preservatives, nitrates
●● dairy
Answer: calcium, high quality protein, linoleic acid, vitamins, nutrients
lower lipids and improve endothelial function
●● non fat dairy
Answer: no SF or cholesterol and lower in cals = keep benefits of dairy
while taking away risk of CVD
●● diet for hypertension
Answer: lower sodium diet
,1500 mg vs 1000 mg reduction
DASH diet with lower sodium diet (what patient should eat vs what they
shouldn't eat)
taste buds adapt to lower sodium diet
●● weight loss and HTN
Answer: per 22 lbs, SBP decreases by 5-20 mmHg
3-5% weight loss in six months
●● alcohol and HTN
Answer: immediate effect is vasodilation, but high blood alcohol levels
increase BP short term
women: less than or equal to one drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4
mmHg
men: less than or equal to two drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4 mmHg
●● caffeine and HTN
Answer: acute intake raises BP
higher risk of HTN=more caffeine will increase BP
safe level (200 mg - one dose) will not induce clinically relevant change
in BP, MC BF, hydration status, body temp, perceived exertion with
exercise
, ●● diabetic diet and glycemic control
Answer: macro proportions individualized
(lower moderate CHO diet is fine)
●● diabetes and CHO
Answer: 43-46% of diet
20-40% lowers A1C, BG, 24-h insulin, FBG
HDL increases with low carb diet
TD decreases with low and mod carb diet -
40-65% (mod carb) lowers A1C
high carb (70%) vegan diet lowers LDL
●● if patient is on insulin, the amount of CHO in the meal should
______ the dose of insulin
Answer: match
●● healthful choices for CHO and diabetes
Answer: whole grain and high fiber
●● protein and diabetes
Answer: important component of every meal
increases insulin response without effecting BG levels
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
●● Phytosterols
Answer: Naturally occurring sterols found in plants. Phytosterols lower
LDL cholesterol levels by competing with cholesterol for absorption in
the intestinal tract.
Sterols added to milk, margarine, orange juice, olive oil, cheese, bread
●● fruits and vegetable
Answer: improve lipids, inflammation, and endothelial function
●● nuts
Answer: high in fat and protein (10-30%)
monounsaturated fats and polyunsaturated fat good for reducing CVD
reduces TC, LDL and apolipoprotein
●● fish
Answer: high quality protein, PUFA, MUFA
fatty fish = omega 3s
lowers TG and reduce inflammation, improve endothelial function, and
limit platelet aggregation
,●● red meat
Answer: higher CVD risk and diabetes
high sat fat in non-lean red meat
●● white meat
Answer: lower cholesterol
●● processed meats
Answer: high sodium and sat fat
preservatives, nitrates
●● dairy
Answer: calcium, high quality protein, linoleic acid, vitamins, nutrients
lower lipids and improve endothelial function
●● non fat dairy
Answer: no SF or cholesterol and lower in cals = keep benefits of dairy
while taking away risk of CVD
●● diet for hypertension
Answer: lower sodium diet
,1500 mg vs 1000 mg reduction
DASH diet with lower sodium diet (what patient should eat vs what they
shouldn't eat)
taste buds adapt to lower sodium diet
●● weight loss and HTN
Answer: per 22 lbs, SBP decreases by 5-20 mmHg
3-5% weight loss in six months
●● alcohol and HTN
Answer: immediate effect is vasodilation, but high blood alcohol levels
increase BP short term
women: less than or equal to one drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4
mmHg
men: less than or equal to two drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4 mmHg
●● caffeine and HTN
Answer: acute intake raises BP
higher risk of HTN=more caffeine will increase BP
safe level (200 mg - one dose) will not induce clinically relevant change
in BP, MC BF, hydration status, body temp, perceived exertion with
exercise
, ●● diabetic diet and glycemic control
Answer: macro proportions individualized
(lower moderate CHO diet is fine)
●● diabetes and CHO
Answer: 43-46% of diet
20-40% lowers A1C, BG, 24-h insulin, FBG
HDL increases with low carb diet
TD decreases with low and mod carb diet -
40-65% (mod carb) lowers A1C
high carb (70%) vegan diet lowers LDL
●● if patient is on insulin, the amount of CHO in the meal should
______ the dose of insulin
Answer: match
●● healthful choices for CHO and diabetes
Answer: whole grain and high fiber
●● protein and diabetes
Answer: important component of every meal
increases insulin response without effecting BG levels
