NP235 EVALUATION TEST QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔What are some characteristics seen in females? With Myocardial Infarction? -
✔✔women are more likely to have other symptoms along with chest discomfort, such as
shortness of breath, nausea and extreme fatigue.
✔✔What is Diabetes Insipidus? - ✔✔occurs after trauma or surgery in the area of the
pituitary or hypothalamus and may be temporary or permanent.
Characterized by the production of copious amounts of dilute urine. DI results from
decreased production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which regulates reabsorption of
water in the kidney tubules. When ADH is not present in a sufficient amount, the water
is not reabsorbed from the tubule and is excreted as urine.
✔✔What are some signs and symptoms of Diabetes Insipidus? - ✔✔profound diuresis
(production of a large amount of urine), often as much as 3 to 20 L in every 24-hour
period. Other signs and symptoms include thirst, weakness, and fatigue, often from
nocturia (urination at night). The patient will exhibit signs of deficient fluid volume, such
as tachycardia, hypotension, weight loss, constipation, and poor skin turgor. If
untreated, the patient will demonstrate signs of shock and central nervous system
manifestations progressing from irritability to eventual coma from hypernatremia and
severe dehydration.
✔✔. What is the Somogyi phenomenon - ✔✔follows a period of hypoglycemia, often
during sleep. When hypoglycemia occurs, the body secretes glucagon, epinephrine,
growth hormone, and cortisol to counteract the effects of low blood sugar. The patient
may report nightmares and night sweats along with morning elevated serum glucose; if
the patient increases the insulin dose, it worsens the problem.
✔✔What is Diabetic Ketoacidosis? - ✔✔caused by incomplete metabolism of fats
resulting from an absence or insufficient supply of insulin. When insulin is not present in
adequate amounts to meet metabolic needs, the body breaks down protein and fat for
, energy. This produces an abundance of the by-products of fat metabolism, which are
potent organic acids called ketones.
✔✔s.s of diabetic Ketoacidosis? - ✔✔Increased thirst (polydipsia)
Increased urination (polyuria)
Acetone breath odor ("fruity")
Dry mucous membranes and sunken eyeballs (dehydration)
Nausea and vomiting
Deep respirations (Kussmaul respirations)
Abdominal pain and rigidity
Paresthesia's, weakness, paralysis
Hypotension
Minimal urine output (oliguria) or none (anuria) (late sign)
Stupor or coma (late sign)
✔✔What is Buerger Disease? - ✔✔inflammation and thickening of small and medium-
sized arteries. Occlusion of the vessels in the hands and feet is usually noted first.
It may be classified as an allergic response in some people in whom the body reacts to
properties in nicotine.
✔✔What would you educate your patient on who has Buerger Disease? - ✔✔Cigarette
smoking must be stopped immediately.
Those who do not stop smoking are at great risk for gangrene and amputation of fingers
or toes. Exercise may be used to increase circulation in the legs and feet.
✔✔What is Polycythemia Vera? - ✔✔blood disorder that results in uncontrolled RBC
production causing hyperviscosity & hypercoagulation. Causes thick blood.
✔✔. What are the actions taken when a patient has a blood transfusion reaction? -
✔✔Stop the transfusion
run the saline
check the vitals
call the doctor
document
✔✔What is Addison's Disease? - ✔✔pts have a decrease or absence of adrenal cortical
secretions, primarily cortisol. Because cortisol is released in response to ACTH from the
pituitary gland, abnormalities in ACTH release can also cause a reduction in circulating
cortisol.
✔✔What would the plan of care be for a patient that has hyperthyroidism with
exophthalmos? - ✔✔manage side effects from this disease like temp, heat, high
calories for metabolic needs, eye drops for bulging eyes.
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔What are some characteristics seen in females? With Myocardial Infarction? -
✔✔women are more likely to have other symptoms along with chest discomfort, such as
shortness of breath, nausea and extreme fatigue.
✔✔What is Diabetes Insipidus? - ✔✔occurs after trauma or surgery in the area of the
pituitary or hypothalamus and may be temporary or permanent.
Characterized by the production of copious amounts of dilute urine. DI results from
decreased production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which regulates reabsorption of
water in the kidney tubules. When ADH is not present in a sufficient amount, the water
is not reabsorbed from the tubule and is excreted as urine.
✔✔What are some signs and symptoms of Diabetes Insipidus? - ✔✔profound diuresis
(production of a large amount of urine), often as much as 3 to 20 L in every 24-hour
period. Other signs and symptoms include thirst, weakness, and fatigue, often from
nocturia (urination at night). The patient will exhibit signs of deficient fluid volume, such
as tachycardia, hypotension, weight loss, constipation, and poor skin turgor. If
untreated, the patient will demonstrate signs of shock and central nervous system
manifestations progressing from irritability to eventual coma from hypernatremia and
severe dehydration.
✔✔. What is the Somogyi phenomenon - ✔✔follows a period of hypoglycemia, often
during sleep. When hypoglycemia occurs, the body secretes glucagon, epinephrine,
growth hormone, and cortisol to counteract the effects of low blood sugar. The patient
may report nightmares and night sweats along with morning elevated serum glucose; if
the patient increases the insulin dose, it worsens the problem.
✔✔What is Diabetic Ketoacidosis? - ✔✔caused by incomplete metabolism of fats
resulting from an absence or insufficient supply of insulin. When insulin is not present in
adequate amounts to meet metabolic needs, the body breaks down protein and fat for
, energy. This produces an abundance of the by-products of fat metabolism, which are
potent organic acids called ketones.
✔✔s.s of diabetic Ketoacidosis? - ✔✔Increased thirst (polydipsia)
Increased urination (polyuria)
Acetone breath odor ("fruity")
Dry mucous membranes and sunken eyeballs (dehydration)
Nausea and vomiting
Deep respirations (Kussmaul respirations)
Abdominal pain and rigidity
Paresthesia's, weakness, paralysis
Hypotension
Minimal urine output (oliguria) or none (anuria) (late sign)
Stupor or coma (late sign)
✔✔What is Buerger Disease? - ✔✔inflammation and thickening of small and medium-
sized arteries. Occlusion of the vessels in the hands and feet is usually noted first.
It may be classified as an allergic response in some people in whom the body reacts to
properties in nicotine.
✔✔What would you educate your patient on who has Buerger Disease? - ✔✔Cigarette
smoking must be stopped immediately.
Those who do not stop smoking are at great risk for gangrene and amputation of fingers
or toes. Exercise may be used to increase circulation in the legs and feet.
✔✔What is Polycythemia Vera? - ✔✔blood disorder that results in uncontrolled RBC
production causing hyperviscosity & hypercoagulation. Causes thick blood.
✔✔. What are the actions taken when a patient has a blood transfusion reaction? -
✔✔Stop the transfusion
run the saline
check the vitals
call the doctor
document
✔✔What is Addison's Disease? - ✔✔pts have a decrease or absence of adrenal cortical
secretions, primarily cortisol. Because cortisol is released in response to ACTH from the
pituitary gland, abnormalities in ACTH release can also cause a reduction in circulating
cortisol.
✔✔What would the plan of care be for a patient that has hyperthyroidism with
exophthalmos? - ✔✔manage side effects from this disease like temp, heat, high
calories for metabolic needs, eye drops for bulging eyes.
