FINAL EXAMINATION PAPER dn dn
dn WGU D094 dn
STUDENT NAME: ________________________________
dn dn DATE: _____________ dn
COURSE: HDFS 420 exam 1 dn dn dn dn TIME: _____________ dn
EXAM CODE: WGU D094-101
dn dn dn
EXAM INSTRUCTIONS:
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1. Print your full name and date clearly in the header above.
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
2. This exam booklet contains both Test Questions (Part I) and Verified Solutions (Part II).
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
3. Answer all multiple-choice questions clearly. Double-check your work.
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
4. Do not break the seal or open this booklet until instructed to do so by the proctor.
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q1. bioecological systems theory:
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[Verified Solution]: "The lives of important caregivers matter" -
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Children's development is *directly* influenced by the people in their everyday life (the "microsystem")
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n-But also there are important *indirect* influences- for example: >Parent-
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teacher relationship >Parents' or teachers' working conditions >Neighborhood resources and safety >Ava
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
ilability of health services >Policies to protect the welfare of babies -
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Influences can change over TIME the ecology-- the personal and physical environment --
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
dninfluences the nature of the relationships that the child experiences. these relationships are most influen
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
ced by the immediate settings: namely, family, community, and the early care and learning program that
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dnthe child is experiencing
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Q2. caregiver:
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[Verified Solution]: any adult who takes care of and cares about young children. caregivers include pa
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rents, teachers, grandparents, and others
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Q3. continuity of care:
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[Verified Solution]: involves uninterrupted, continuous adult-
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child and peer relationships. a teacher(s) moves to a new room with a group of children as they age.
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Q4. culturally competent:
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[Verified Solution]: implies that the caregivers understand and attend to the total context of the indivi
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
dual's situation, including awareness of immigration status, stress factors, other social factors, and cultur
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
al similarities and differences -
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culturally competent teacher learns and is respectful of children's and families' cultures.
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
,Q5. culture:
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[Verified Solution]: the values and beliefs about what is important in life, including traditions, celebra
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tions, languages, and styles of interacting with others. -
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includes: abstract values, beliefs, and perceptions of the world that lie behind people's behavior, and wh
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
ich are reflected in their behavior
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Q6. domains: -physical, perceptual, motor -language and literacy -cognitive -emotional -social
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[Verified Solution]: physical, perceptual, motor: -perception-action -balance -locomotion -
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn
manipulation language and literacy: -receptive language -expressive language -pragmatics -prosodoy -
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literacy development cognitive: -perceptual -active -approaches to learning -concepts emotional: -
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
attachment -emotional expression and understanding -regulation -identity development social: -
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peer interactions -prosocial development -conflicts -challenging behavior
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Q7. epigenetics:
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[Verified Solution]: the study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a D
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NA change -experiences affects whether some genes will be activated
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q8. quality infant and toddler care and learning programs:
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[Verified Solution]: quality programs that support parent can reduce infants' and toddlers' exposure to
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
risk factors and build resiliency and positive relationships. quality programs support infants' and toddler
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
s' learning and sense of well being -
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
infant and toddler care and learning programs offer varying hours of care for infants and toddlers, usual
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
ly during the day while parents are at work. these programs are often referred to as just "child care" or
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
even "day care" dn dn
Q9. infant and toddler professional:
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[Verified Solution]: broad range of specialist who teach or administer child learning and development
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
programs, which include center infant and toddler programs and family (home) child care programs -
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
also referred to as professionals who support families in the care of education of their children through
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
home visits, early intervention, and family support programs
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q10. infants:
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[Verified Solution]: a baby from birth to approximately 12 months of age
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, Q11. irreducible needs: -define -list 7 needs
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[Verified Solution]: needs of children that are absolutely necessary for them to survive and thrive 1. o
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
ngoing nurturing relationships 2. physical protection, safety, and regulation 3. experiences tailored to in
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
dividual differences 4. developmentally appropriate experiences 5. limit setting, structure, and expectatio
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
ns 6. stable communities and cultural continuity 7. adults to protect the future
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q12. positive turnarounds:
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[Verified Solution]: the resilience of a person to recover from challenging life experiences
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q13. prenatal:
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[Verified Solution]: development occurs prior to birth. from prenatal period to age 3, babies grow fro
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
m helpless dependency to children with a rich collection of relationships, skills, attitudes, and behaviors
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q14. primary care:
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[Verified Solution]: each infant or toddler is assigned a teacher who establishes an affectionate connec
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
tion (attachment relationship) with the child. This teacher tries to be the one to rock, feed, an tuck to sl
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
eep. This teacher establishes a connections with the family to respect the family's culture and wishes
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q15. protective factors:
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[Verified Solution]: factors that shield and protect the child
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Q16. resilience:
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[Verified Solution]: ability to thrive despite risk factors
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn
Q17. responsiveness:
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[Verified Solution]: refers to both how well the adult understands what the infant or toddler is trying t
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
o communicate (the child's cues) and how effectively (promptly, contingently, and appropriately) the ad
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
ult acts in response to the child
dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q18. risk factors:
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[Verified Solution]: Actions or behaviors that represent a potential health threat ex: -poor nutrition -
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
low birth weight, health, injury -living in poverty -lack of quality of child care
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
dn WGU D094 dn
STUDENT NAME: ________________________________
dn dn DATE: _____________ dn
COURSE: HDFS 420 exam 1 dn dn dn dn TIME: _____________ dn
EXAM CODE: WGU D094-101
dn dn dn
EXAM INSTRUCTIONS:
dn
1. Print your full name and date clearly in the header above.
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
2. This exam booklet contains both Test Questions (Part I) and Verified Solutions (Part II).
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
3. Answer all multiple-choice questions clearly. Double-check your work.
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
4. Do not break the seal or open this booklet until instructed to do so by the proctor.
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q1. bioecological systems theory:
dndn dn dn
[Verified Solution]: "The lives of important caregivers matter" -
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Children's development is *directly* influenced by the people in their everyday life (the "microsystem")
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn d
n-But also there are important *indirect* influences- for example: >Parent-
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
teacher relationship >Parents' or teachers' working conditions >Neighborhood resources and safety >Ava
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
ilability of health services >Policies to protect the welfare of babies -
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Influences can change over TIME the ecology-- the personal and physical environment --
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
dninfluences the nature of the relationships that the child experiences. these relationships are most influen
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
ced by the immediate settings: namely, family, community, and the early care and learning program that
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
dnthe child is experiencing
dn dn dn
Q2. caregiver:
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[Verified Solution]: any adult who takes care of and cares about young children. caregivers include pa
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
rents, teachers, grandparents, and others
dn dn dn dn
Q3. continuity of care:
dndn dn dn
[Verified Solution]: involves uninterrupted, continuous adult-
dn dndn dn dn dn
child and peer relationships. a teacher(s) moves to a new room with a group of children as they age.
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q4. culturally competent:
dndn dn
[Verified Solution]: implies that the caregivers understand and attend to the total context of the indivi
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
dual's situation, including awareness of immigration status, stress factors, other social factors, and cultur
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
al similarities and differences -
dn dn dn dn
culturally competent teacher learns and is respectful of children's and families' cultures.
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
,Q5. culture:
dndn
[Verified Solution]: the values and beliefs about what is important in life, including traditions, celebra
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
tions, languages, and styles of interacting with others. -
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
includes: abstract values, beliefs, and perceptions of the world that lie behind people's behavior, and wh
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
ich are reflected in their behavior
dn dn dn dn dn
Q6. domains: -physical, perceptual, motor -language and literacy -cognitive -emotional -social
dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
[Verified Solution]: physical, perceptual, motor: -perception-action -balance -locomotion -
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn
manipulation language and literacy: -receptive language -expressive language -pragmatics -prosodoy -
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
literacy development cognitive: -perceptual -active -approaches to learning -concepts emotional: -
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
attachment -emotional expression and understanding -regulation -identity development social: -
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
peer interactions -prosocial development -conflicts -challenging behavior
dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q7. epigenetics:
dndn
[Verified Solution]: the study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a D
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
NA change -experiences affects whether some genes will be activated
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q8. quality infant and toddler care and learning programs:
dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
[Verified Solution]: quality programs that support parent can reduce infants' and toddlers' exposure to
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
risk factors and build resiliency and positive relationships. quality programs support infants' and toddler
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
s' learning and sense of well being -
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
infant and toddler care and learning programs offer varying hours of care for infants and toddlers, usual
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
ly during the day while parents are at work. these programs are often referred to as just "child care" or
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
even "day care" dn dn
Q9. infant and toddler professional:
dndn dn dn dn
[Verified Solution]: broad range of specialist who teach or administer child learning and development
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
programs, which include center infant and toddler programs and family (home) child care programs -
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
also referred to as professionals who support families in the care of education of their children through
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
home visits, early intervention, and family support programs
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q10. infants:
dndn
[Verified Solution]: a baby from birth to approximately 12 months of age
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
, Q11. irreducible needs: -define -list 7 needs
dndn dn dn dn dn dn
[Verified Solution]: needs of children that are absolutely necessary for them to survive and thrive 1. o
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
ngoing nurturing relationships 2. physical protection, safety, and regulation 3. experiences tailored to in
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
dividual differences 4. developmentally appropriate experiences 5. limit setting, structure, and expectatio
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
ns 6. stable communities and cultural continuity 7. adults to protect the future
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q12. positive turnarounds:
dndn dn
[Verified Solution]: the resilience of a person to recover from challenging life experiences
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q13. prenatal:
dndn
[Verified Solution]: development occurs prior to birth. from prenatal period to age 3, babies grow fro
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
m helpless dependency to children with a rich collection of relationships, skills, attitudes, and behaviors
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q14. primary care:
dndn dn
[Verified Solution]: each infant or toddler is assigned a teacher who establishes an affectionate connec
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
tion (attachment relationship) with the child. This teacher tries to be the one to rock, feed, an tuck to sl
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
eep. This teacher establishes a connections with the family to respect the family's culture and wishes
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q15. protective factors:
dndn dn
[Verified Solution]: factors that shield and protect the child
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q16. resilience:
dndn
[Verified Solution]: ability to thrive despite risk factors
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn
Q17. responsiveness:
dndn
[Verified Solution]: refers to both how well the adult understands what the infant or toddler is trying t
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
o communicate (the child's cues) and how effectively (promptly, contingently, and appropriately) the ad
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
ult acts in response to the child
dn dn dn dn dn dn
Q18. risk factors:
dndn dn
[Verified Solution]: Actions or behaviors that represent a potential health threat ex: -poor nutrition -
dn dndn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
low birth weight, health, injury -living in poverty -lack of quality of child care
dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn dn
