LPN PHARMACOLOGY COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔10. The time a drug continues to produce its effect is its
A. ED50
B. maximal response
C. ceiling effect
D. onset of action
E. duration of action - ✔✔E
✔✔. The drug administration route demonstrating the slowest onset of action is
A. inhalation
B. transdermal
C. intramuscular
D. sublingual
E. intravenous - ✔✔B
✔✔In order for drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier, they must be
A. ionized
B. positively charged
C. water soluble
D. lipid soluble
E. negatively charged - ✔✔D
✔✔13. First-pass metabolism refers to the metabolism of drugs in the
A. kidney
B. blood vessels
C. liver
D. heart
E. adipose tissue - ✔✔C
,✔✔14. Drug X has a half-life of 6 hours. How much drug is left in the body 18 hours
after an IV injection of 1200 milligrams (mg)? - ✔✔B
✔✔15. Drugs that have demonstrated teratogenic effects in women are classified as
Pregnancy Category
A. B
B. C
C. D
D. X
E. NR - ✔✔D= x
✔✔16. When a drug increases the rate of drug metabolism of other drugs, the process
is termed
A. first-pass metabolism
B. enzyme induction
C. enzyme inhibition
D. enterohepatic cycling
E. microsomal inhibition - ✔✔B
✔✔17. The rate of drug absorption would be increased by which of the following?
A. drug ionization
B. water solubility
C. positively charged drug
D. negatively charged drug
E. lipid solubility - ✔✔E
✔✔18. Which factor of individual variation is dependent upon the patient's attitude
toward treatment?
A. weight
B. age
C. genetic variation
D. placebo effect
E. gender - ✔✔D
✔✔19. Which FDA pregnancy category would appear to be the safest for a developing
fetus?
A. Category A
B. Category B
C. Category C
D. Category D
E. Category X - ✔✔A
✔✔20. A 45-year-old female shop assistant is treated for heartburn with omeprazole.
She notes that the effect of a dose of omeprazole lasts much longer than that of a dose
, of the antacid drug calcium carbonate she had previously taken. The active metabolite
of omeprazole binds covalently and irreversibly to a molecular structure involved in
releasing protons into the gastric juice. Drugs that modify their target structures through
this mechanism are called
suicide substrates.
orphan drugs.
protein drugs.
competitive antagonists.
enantiomers. - ✔✔A
✔✔21. A 36-year-old male has been diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia. His
oncologist discusses treatment options with him. The patient is glad to hear that novel
anticancer drugs used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia have a much better risk-benefit
ratio than older ones, due to their improved selectivity. A major determinant for the
selectivity of a given drug is
A) its target receptor ligand affinity.
B) its target receptor cell-type distribution.
C) its ionic interactions.
D) its hydrogen bonding.
E) its intrinsic activity. - ✔✔B
✔✔22. A 56-year-old man with chest pain is diagnosed with stable angina and treated
with several drugs including nitroglycerin. Every day he has to discontinue nitroglycerin
for some hours to re-establish reactivity of his body to the drug. The clinical observation
of a rapidly decreasing response to nitroglycerin after administration of just a few doses
is called
idiosyncrasy.
tachyphylaxis.
heterologous desensitization.
refractoriness.
receptor downregulation. - ✔✔B
✔✔23. Prolonged receptor stimulation during chronic drug therapy may induce cells to
endocytose and sequester drug receptors in endocytic vesicles. This molecular
mechanism is called
A) tachyphylaxis.
B) inactivation.
C) desensitization.
D) downregulation.
E) refractoriness. - ✔✔D
✔✔A 16-year-old female with a history of goiter is admitted with fever, profuse sweating,
tachyarrhythmia, hypertension, abdominal pain, and anxiety. Based on a working
diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis, she is started on a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist that has a
very short half-life.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔10. The time a drug continues to produce its effect is its
A. ED50
B. maximal response
C. ceiling effect
D. onset of action
E. duration of action - ✔✔E
✔✔. The drug administration route demonstrating the slowest onset of action is
A. inhalation
B. transdermal
C. intramuscular
D. sublingual
E. intravenous - ✔✔B
✔✔In order for drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier, they must be
A. ionized
B. positively charged
C. water soluble
D. lipid soluble
E. negatively charged - ✔✔D
✔✔13. First-pass metabolism refers to the metabolism of drugs in the
A. kidney
B. blood vessels
C. liver
D. heart
E. adipose tissue - ✔✔C
,✔✔14. Drug X has a half-life of 6 hours. How much drug is left in the body 18 hours
after an IV injection of 1200 milligrams (mg)? - ✔✔B
✔✔15. Drugs that have demonstrated teratogenic effects in women are classified as
Pregnancy Category
A. B
B. C
C. D
D. X
E. NR - ✔✔D= x
✔✔16. When a drug increases the rate of drug metabolism of other drugs, the process
is termed
A. first-pass metabolism
B. enzyme induction
C. enzyme inhibition
D. enterohepatic cycling
E. microsomal inhibition - ✔✔B
✔✔17. The rate of drug absorption would be increased by which of the following?
A. drug ionization
B. water solubility
C. positively charged drug
D. negatively charged drug
E. lipid solubility - ✔✔E
✔✔18. Which factor of individual variation is dependent upon the patient's attitude
toward treatment?
A. weight
B. age
C. genetic variation
D. placebo effect
E. gender - ✔✔D
✔✔19. Which FDA pregnancy category would appear to be the safest for a developing
fetus?
A. Category A
B. Category B
C. Category C
D. Category D
E. Category X - ✔✔A
✔✔20. A 45-year-old female shop assistant is treated for heartburn with omeprazole.
She notes that the effect of a dose of omeprazole lasts much longer than that of a dose
, of the antacid drug calcium carbonate she had previously taken. The active metabolite
of omeprazole binds covalently and irreversibly to a molecular structure involved in
releasing protons into the gastric juice. Drugs that modify their target structures through
this mechanism are called
suicide substrates.
orphan drugs.
protein drugs.
competitive antagonists.
enantiomers. - ✔✔A
✔✔21. A 36-year-old male has been diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia. His
oncologist discusses treatment options with him. The patient is glad to hear that novel
anticancer drugs used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia have a much better risk-benefit
ratio than older ones, due to their improved selectivity. A major determinant for the
selectivity of a given drug is
A) its target receptor ligand affinity.
B) its target receptor cell-type distribution.
C) its ionic interactions.
D) its hydrogen bonding.
E) its intrinsic activity. - ✔✔B
✔✔22. A 56-year-old man with chest pain is diagnosed with stable angina and treated
with several drugs including nitroglycerin. Every day he has to discontinue nitroglycerin
for some hours to re-establish reactivity of his body to the drug. The clinical observation
of a rapidly decreasing response to nitroglycerin after administration of just a few doses
is called
idiosyncrasy.
tachyphylaxis.
heterologous desensitization.
refractoriness.
receptor downregulation. - ✔✔B
✔✔23. Prolonged receptor stimulation during chronic drug therapy may induce cells to
endocytose and sequester drug receptors in endocytic vesicles. This molecular
mechanism is called
A) tachyphylaxis.
B) inactivation.
C) desensitization.
D) downregulation.
E) refractoriness. - ✔✔D
✔✔A 16-year-old female with a history of goiter is admitted with fever, profuse sweating,
tachyarrhythmia, hypertension, abdominal pain, and anxiety. Based on a working
diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis, she is started on a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist that has a
very short half-life.
