NR228/NR 228 Final Exam V2 | Nutrition, Health &
Wellness Q&A with Rationale | Chamberlain
University
1. A nurse is teaching a client with newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus about
carbohydrate counting. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the
teaching?
A. I should avoid all carbohydrates to keep my blood sugar low.
B. Carbohydrates are only found in bread and pasta products.
C. I need to consume the same amount of carbohydrates at each meal.
D. I can eat as much protein as I want as long as I limit carbs.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Consistency in carbohydrate intake helps maintain stable blood glucose
levels throughout the day. The client should aim for a specific range of carbohydrates per
meal rather than elimination. This approach prevents significant glycemic spikes and
facilitates better management of the disease process.
2. Which vitamin deficiency is most commonly associated with the development of neural
tube defects during pregnancy?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin B12
,C. Vitamin A
D. Folic Acid
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Folic acid is essential for DNA synthesis and the proper closure of the neural
tube in the early stages of pregnancy. Inadequate intake during the preconception period
and first trimester significantly increases the risk of spina bifida and anencephaly. Public
health guidelines recommend supplementation for all women of childbearing age.
3. A patient with hypertension is encouraged to follow the DASH diet. Which of the following
food choices best aligns with this dietary pattern?
A. Canned vegetable soup with crackers
B. Processed deli turkey sandwiches
C. Fresh spinach salad with low-fat vinaigrette
D. Salted peanuts and pretzels for snacks
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet emphasizes high
intake of fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy while minimizing sodium. Fresh spinach
provides potassium, which helps counteract the effects of sodium on blood pressure.
Avoiding processed meats and canned goods is crucial due to their high salt content.
, 4. A client is recovering from major surgery and requires increased protein for wound healing.
Which of the following foods provides the highest quality complete protein?
A. Whole grain bread
B. Gelatin dessert
C. Peanut butter
D. Grilled chicken breast
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids necessary for tissue
repair and growth. Animal-based products like chicken are high-quality sources that are
easily utilized by the body. While plant sources like grains and nuts contain protein, they
are often incomplete and must be combined with other foods.
5. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for a client experiencing
dysphagia following a stroke?
A. Encouraging the use of a straw for all liquids
B. Providing thin liquids to make swallowing easier
C. Feeding the client in a supine position
D. Consulting a speech-language pathologist for a swallow study
Correct Answer: D
Wellness Q&A with Rationale | Chamberlain
University
1. A nurse is teaching a client with newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus about
carbohydrate counting. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the
teaching?
A. I should avoid all carbohydrates to keep my blood sugar low.
B. Carbohydrates are only found in bread and pasta products.
C. I need to consume the same amount of carbohydrates at each meal.
D. I can eat as much protein as I want as long as I limit carbs.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Consistency in carbohydrate intake helps maintain stable blood glucose
levels throughout the day. The client should aim for a specific range of carbohydrates per
meal rather than elimination. This approach prevents significant glycemic spikes and
facilitates better management of the disease process.
2. Which vitamin deficiency is most commonly associated with the development of neural
tube defects during pregnancy?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin B12
,C. Vitamin A
D. Folic Acid
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Folic acid is essential for DNA synthesis and the proper closure of the neural
tube in the early stages of pregnancy. Inadequate intake during the preconception period
and first trimester significantly increases the risk of spina bifida and anencephaly. Public
health guidelines recommend supplementation for all women of childbearing age.
3. A patient with hypertension is encouraged to follow the DASH diet. Which of the following
food choices best aligns with this dietary pattern?
A. Canned vegetable soup with crackers
B. Processed deli turkey sandwiches
C. Fresh spinach salad with low-fat vinaigrette
D. Salted peanuts and pretzels for snacks
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet emphasizes high
intake of fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy while minimizing sodium. Fresh spinach
provides potassium, which helps counteract the effects of sodium on blood pressure.
Avoiding processed meats and canned goods is crucial due to their high salt content.
, 4. A client is recovering from major surgery and requires increased protein for wound healing.
Which of the following foods provides the highest quality complete protein?
A. Whole grain bread
B. Gelatin dessert
C. Peanut butter
D. Grilled chicken breast
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids necessary for tissue
repair and growth. Animal-based products like chicken are high-quality sources that are
easily utilized by the body. While plant sources like grains and nuts contain protein, they
are often incomplete and must be combined with other foods.
5. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for a client experiencing
dysphagia following a stroke?
A. Encouraging the use of a straw for all liquids
B. Providing thin liquids to make swallowing easier
C. Feeding the client in a supine position
D. Consulting a speech-language pathologist for a swallow study
Correct Answer: D
