TEST BANK FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN
ADULTS AND CHILDREN 8 TH EDITION
BY KATHRYN L. MCCANCE FINAL TEST
2026 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ 25. The transport of glucose from the blood to the cell is accomplished by
which process?a.Active-mediated transport (active transport)b.Active
diffusionc.Passive osmosisd.Passive-mediated transport (facilitated
diffusion).
Answer: ANS: DFacilitated diffusion is the means by which glucose is
transported from the blood to the cells. The remaining options do not
correctly identify this process.PTS: 1 REF: Pages 31-32
◍ Cellular Injury Mechanisms.
Answer: Include direct toxicity to cell membranes and the action of reactive
free radicals.
◍ dilute salt solutions.
Answer: treatment for heat cramps
◍ Atmospheric pressure.
Answer: combined pressure of all gases in the air we breathe14. 7 psi760
mmhg
◍ Basophil.
Answer: A type of granulocyte that complements the actions of mast cells,
important in allergic reactions.
,◍ methylation.
Answer: addition of a methyl group, a biochemical process that influences
behavior by suppressing gene activity and expression
◍ Interstitial fluid.
Answer: The fluid surrounding the capillary that receives water pushed
across capillary membranes due to hydrostatic pressure.
◍ Transmembrane protein.
Answer: Extends across the bilayer and is exposed to an aqueous
environment on both sides of it.
◍ cerebral injuriesketoacidosisuremiadrug overdose.
Answer: chronic increased vasodilation and decreased thermoregulatory
control
◍ Diffusion of solute molecules.
Answer: Solute molecules do not flow freely into and out of the cell.
◍ Mercury poisoning.
Answer: Toxicity from consuming certain long-living fish.
◍ Paracrine signaling.
Answer: Local chemical mediators quickly taken up or destroyed.
◍ Homozygous.
Answer: Having identical alleles for a trait.
◍ Sharp force injuries.
Answer: Include cuts and require the penetration of the skin and muscle by a
bullet.
◍ The best definition of the term prognosis is the:A) precipitating factors
causing an acute episode.B) number of remissions to be expected during the
course of a chronic illness.C) predicted outcome or likelihood of recovery
from a specific disease.D) exacerbations occurring during chronic illness..
Answer: C
,◍ hypovolemic hypernatremia.
Answer: from GI losses or diureticsC.M. Volume depletion, orthostatic
hypotension, tachycardia, lack of organ perfusion
◍ Acute effects of alcohol.
Answer: Other systems may evidentially be affected by chronic alcoholism.
◍ Following a positive HIV antibodies blood test and ELISA test, what is the
test commonly used for confirmation?A) AgglutinationB) Double
immunodiffusion testC) Western blot testD) Sedimentation rate test.
Answer: C
◍ Thermoregulation failure.
Answer: Thermoregulation fails because of high core temperatures.
◍ N1 (TNM staging).
Answer: mobile nodes involved
◍ The term nosocomial infection means:a) Transmission involves an insect or
animal hostb) Acquired in a hospital or medical facilityc) Transmitted by a
fomited) Spread by direct contact with secretions from an open lesion.
Answer: B
◍ A test reports that 99.8% of patients who have confirmed cardiac etiologies
test positive in the test, however 11.3% of patientswho don't have cardiac
etiologies for their shortness of breath also test positive. Which of the
following statements bestcharacterizes this blood test?a) Low sensitivity,
high specificityb) High sensitivity, low specificityc) Low reliability, high
validityd) High reliability, low validity.
Answer: B
◍ Organic compound for transportation.
Answer: Proteins act as (1) recognition and binding units (receptors) for
substances moving in and out of the cell; (2) pores or transport channels for
various electrically charged particles called ions or electrolytes and specific
carriers for amino acids and monosaccharides; and (3) specific enzymes that
drive active pumps that promote the concentration of certain ions,
, particularly potassium (K+), within the cell while keeping concentrations of
other ions, for example, sodium (Na+), below the concentrations found in
the extracellular environment.
◍ Concordance.
Answer: Expression of the disease in two related family members
◍ red nucleus.
Answer: a major motor output center influenced by the cerebellum
◍ Crossing over.
Answer: Exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.
◍ 4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is
released during cell injury?a. Ribosomeb. Golgi complexc. Smooth
endoplasmic reticulumd. Lysosomes.
Answer: ANS: DThe lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield
between the powerful digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the
cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption
of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of
the lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates,
causing cellular self-digestion. The other options do not correctly describe
this process.PTS: 1 REF: Pages 7-8
◍ peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Answer: composed of cranial nerves and spinal nervesalso can be divided
into somatic and autonomic nervous systems
◍ Cytokines.
Answer: Growth factors, also called cytokines, are peptides that transmit
signals within and among cells.
◍ CNS monitoring.
Answer: Important for patients with long-term potassium deficits.
◍ Neutrophil Count.
Answer: A high count implies the client has an acute infection.
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN
ADULTS AND CHILDREN 8 TH EDITION
BY KATHRYN L. MCCANCE FINAL TEST
2026 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ 25. The transport of glucose from the blood to the cell is accomplished by
which process?a.Active-mediated transport (active transport)b.Active
diffusionc.Passive osmosisd.Passive-mediated transport (facilitated
diffusion).
Answer: ANS: DFacilitated diffusion is the means by which glucose is
transported from the blood to the cells. The remaining options do not
correctly identify this process.PTS: 1 REF: Pages 31-32
◍ Cellular Injury Mechanisms.
Answer: Include direct toxicity to cell membranes and the action of reactive
free radicals.
◍ dilute salt solutions.
Answer: treatment for heat cramps
◍ Atmospheric pressure.
Answer: combined pressure of all gases in the air we breathe14. 7 psi760
mmhg
◍ Basophil.
Answer: A type of granulocyte that complements the actions of mast cells,
important in allergic reactions.
,◍ methylation.
Answer: addition of a methyl group, a biochemical process that influences
behavior by suppressing gene activity and expression
◍ Interstitial fluid.
Answer: The fluid surrounding the capillary that receives water pushed
across capillary membranes due to hydrostatic pressure.
◍ Transmembrane protein.
Answer: Extends across the bilayer and is exposed to an aqueous
environment on both sides of it.
◍ cerebral injuriesketoacidosisuremiadrug overdose.
Answer: chronic increased vasodilation and decreased thermoregulatory
control
◍ Diffusion of solute molecules.
Answer: Solute molecules do not flow freely into and out of the cell.
◍ Mercury poisoning.
Answer: Toxicity from consuming certain long-living fish.
◍ Paracrine signaling.
Answer: Local chemical mediators quickly taken up or destroyed.
◍ Homozygous.
Answer: Having identical alleles for a trait.
◍ Sharp force injuries.
Answer: Include cuts and require the penetration of the skin and muscle by a
bullet.
◍ The best definition of the term prognosis is the:A) precipitating factors
causing an acute episode.B) number of remissions to be expected during the
course of a chronic illness.C) predicted outcome or likelihood of recovery
from a specific disease.D) exacerbations occurring during chronic illness..
Answer: C
,◍ hypovolemic hypernatremia.
Answer: from GI losses or diureticsC.M. Volume depletion, orthostatic
hypotension, tachycardia, lack of organ perfusion
◍ Acute effects of alcohol.
Answer: Other systems may evidentially be affected by chronic alcoholism.
◍ Following a positive HIV antibodies blood test and ELISA test, what is the
test commonly used for confirmation?A) AgglutinationB) Double
immunodiffusion testC) Western blot testD) Sedimentation rate test.
Answer: C
◍ Thermoregulation failure.
Answer: Thermoregulation fails because of high core temperatures.
◍ N1 (TNM staging).
Answer: mobile nodes involved
◍ The term nosocomial infection means:a) Transmission involves an insect or
animal hostb) Acquired in a hospital or medical facilityc) Transmitted by a
fomited) Spread by direct contact with secretions from an open lesion.
Answer: B
◍ A test reports that 99.8% of patients who have confirmed cardiac etiologies
test positive in the test, however 11.3% of patientswho don't have cardiac
etiologies for their shortness of breath also test positive. Which of the
following statements bestcharacterizes this blood test?a) Low sensitivity,
high specificityb) High sensitivity, low specificityc) Low reliability, high
validityd) High reliability, low validity.
Answer: B
◍ Organic compound for transportation.
Answer: Proteins act as (1) recognition and binding units (receptors) for
substances moving in and out of the cell; (2) pores or transport channels for
various electrically charged particles called ions or electrolytes and specific
carriers for amino acids and monosaccharides; and (3) specific enzymes that
drive active pumps that promote the concentration of certain ions,
, particularly potassium (K+), within the cell while keeping concentrations of
other ions, for example, sodium (Na+), below the concentrations found in
the extracellular environment.
◍ Concordance.
Answer: Expression of the disease in two related family members
◍ red nucleus.
Answer: a major motor output center influenced by the cerebellum
◍ Crossing over.
Answer: Exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.
◍ 4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is
released during cell injury?a. Ribosomeb. Golgi complexc. Smooth
endoplasmic reticulumd. Lysosomes.
Answer: ANS: DThe lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield
between the powerful digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the
cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption
of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of
the lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates,
causing cellular self-digestion. The other options do not correctly describe
this process.PTS: 1 REF: Pages 7-8
◍ peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Answer: composed of cranial nerves and spinal nervesalso can be divided
into somatic and autonomic nervous systems
◍ Cytokines.
Answer: Growth factors, also called cytokines, are peptides that transmit
signals within and among cells.
◍ CNS monitoring.
Answer: Important for patients with long-term potassium deficits.
◍ Neutrophil Count.
Answer: A high count implies the client has an acute infection.
