ANESTHESIA FOR SPECIAL POPULATIONS MOCK EXAM|ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026 (GRADED A+)
The intraoperative use of TEE during cardiac surgery is clearly associated with postoperative (blank) dysfunction, especially in older patients.
✔️swallowing
The intraoperative use of TEE during cardiac surgery is clearly associated with postoperative swallowing dysfunction, especially in older
patients. What adverse four adverse conditions are known to be associated with the use of a transesophageal ECHO probe during cardiac
surgery? ✔️pulmonary aspiration (90%)
pneumonia
tracheostomy
longer ICU length of stay
What effect of magnesium therapy is the most significant concern if the patient proceeds to surgical delivery (C-section) under epidural
anesthesia? ✔️postpartum hemorrhage
In the presence of magnesium therapy, relaxation of uterine (blank) (risk of uterine atony) is the most significant concern if the patient requires
a C-section. ✔️smooth muscle
Magnesium therapy in the parturient may cause? ✔️decreased CNS irritability
enhanced opioid effects
fetal hypotonia
postpartum hemorrhage stemming from uterine atony (most significant concern)
Risk factors for Uterine Atony? Seven ✔️chorioamnionitis
excessive oxytocin use during labor
extended duration of labor
multiparity
large fetus (macrosomia)
retained products of conception
volatile anesthetics
A primigravida at 26-weeks gestation has a blood pressure of 150/94 and a 24 hour urine protein of 350mg. What other signs or symptoms may
indicate the presence of preeclampsia? ✔️platelet count less than 100,000/microL
New onset blurred vision
The diagnosis of preeclampsia includes mild hypertension at a BP greater than (blank) and severe at a BP of greater than (blank) that develops
after (blank) weeks gestation. ✔️140/90
160/110
20 weeks
The diagnosis of preeclampsia includes mild hypertension at a BP greater than 140/90 and severe at a BP of greater than 160/110 that develops
after 20 weeks gestation. (Blank) is typically present. ✔️proteinuria
(blank) is no longer a diagnostic requirement for preeclampsia, because it's common in many pregnant women and provides little diagnostic
benefit. ✔️generalized edema
In some cases, preeclampsia can exist in the absence of proteinuria if the patient has any of the following ten conditions. ✔️persistent RUQ or
epigastric pain
persistent CNS or visual symptoms
headache
, hyperreflexia
hyperexcitability
blurred vision
coma
fetal growth restriction
thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 100,000/microL
elevated serum liver enzymes
What two local anesthetics are MOST likely to cause cauda equina syndrome when delivered in the subarachnoid spaces. ✔️5% lidocaine
through spinal microcatheters
2% Chloroprocaine with sodium bisulfate preservative (preservative-free formulations appear to be safe
Cauda equina syndrome is caused by (blank) from exposure to high concentrations of local anesthetic. ✔️neurotoxicity
The complication Cauda equina syndrome is more common with (blank) administration versus epidural because the nerve roots in the
subarachnoid space have less protection because they are poorly (blank). ✔️intrathecal
myelinated
What are the five signs and symptoms of Cauda equina syndrome include? ✔️bowel dysfunction
bladder dysfunction
sensory deficits
weakness
paralysis
In the aging lung, an increased lung compliance increases what lung volume? ✔️increased residual volume
In the aging lung, a loss of alveolar surface area increases (blank)? ✔️anatomic dead space
In the aging lung, a decreased pharyngeal tone increases the risk of (blank) ✔️aspiration pneumonia
With aging, arthritic costovertebral joints leads to (blank)? ✔️chest wall stiffening
It is often said that the aging lung mimics the changes that occur in (blank), which is a helpful way to remember them ✔️emphysema/COPD
Elderly lungs have a higher lung (blank) which means they're easier to (blank), but they have a reduced lung (blank) which means they don't
easily return to their original (blank) during (blank). ✔️compliance
inflate
elasticity
shape
exhalation
In the aging lung, a reduced elasticity promotes small (blank), which has several consequences. ✔️airway collapse
In the aging lung, a reduced elasticity has several consequences: Name four of them. ✔️increased dead space
V/Q mismatch
increased A-a gradient
decreased PaO2
The intraoperative use of TEE during cardiac surgery is clearly associated with postoperative (blank) dysfunction, especially in older patients.
✔️swallowing
The intraoperative use of TEE during cardiac surgery is clearly associated with postoperative swallowing dysfunction, especially in older
patients. What adverse four adverse conditions are known to be associated with the use of a transesophageal ECHO probe during cardiac
surgery? ✔️pulmonary aspiration (90%)
pneumonia
tracheostomy
longer ICU length of stay
What effect of magnesium therapy is the most significant concern if the patient proceeds to surgical delivery (C-section) under epidural
anesthesia? ✔️postpartum hemorrhage
In the presence of magnesium therapy, relaxation of uterine (blank) (risk of uterine atony) is the most significant concern if the patient requires
a C-section. ✔️smooth muscle
Magnesium therapy in the parturient may cause? ✔️decreased CNS irritability
enhanced opioid effects
fetal hypotonia
postpartum hemorrhage stemming from uterine atony (most significant concern)
Risk factors for Uterine Atony? Seven ✔️chorioamnionitis
excessive oxytocin use during labor
extended duration of labor
multiparity
large fetus (macrosomia)
retained products of conception
volatile anesthetics
A primigravida at 26-weeks gestation has a blood pressure of 150/94 and a 24 hour urine protein of 350mg. What other signs or symptoms may
indicate the presence of preeclampsia? ✔️platelet count less than 100,000/microL
New onset blurred vision
The diagnosis of preeclampsia includes mild hypertension at a BP greater than (blank) and severe at a BP of greater than (blank) that develops
after (blank) weeks gestation. ✔️140/90
160/110
20 weeks
The diagnosis of preeclampsia includes mild hypertension at a BP greater than 140/90 and severe at a BP of greater than 160/110 that develops
after 20 weeks gestation. (Blank) is typically present. ✔️proteinuria
(blank) is no longer a diagnostic requirement for preeclampsia, because it's common in many pregnant women and provides little diagnostic
benefit. ✔️generalized edema
In some cases, preeclampsia can exist in the absence of proteinuria if the patient has any of the following ten conditions. ✔️persistent RUQ or
epigastric pain
persistent CNS or visual symptoms
headache
, hyperreflexia
hyperexcitability
blurred vision
coma
fetal growth restriction
thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 100,000/microL
elevated serum liver enzymes
What two local anesthetics are MOST likely to cause cauda equina syndrome when delivered in the subarachnoid spaces. ✔️5% lidocaine
through spinal microcatheters
2% Chloroprocaine with sodium bisulfate preservative (preservative-free formulations appear to be safe
Cauda equina syndrome is caused by (blank) from exposure to high concentrations of local anesthetic. ✔️neurotoxicity
The complication Cauda equina syndrome is more common with (blank) administration versus epidural because the nerve roots in the
subarachnoid space have less protection because they are poorly (blank). ✔️intrathecal
myelinated
What are the five signs and symptoms of Cauda equina syndrome include? ✔️bowel dysfunction
bladder dysfunction
sensory deficits
weakness
paralysis
In the aging lung, an increased lung compliance increases what lung volume? ✔️increased residual volume
In the aging lung, a loss of alveolar surface area increases (blank)? ✔️anatomic dead space
In the aging lung, a decreased pharyngeal tone increases the risk of (blank) ✔️aspiration pneumonia
With aging, arthritic costovertebral joints leads to (blank)? ✔️chest wall stiffening
It is often said that the aging lung mimics the changes that occur in (blank), which is a helpful way to remember them ✔️emphysema/COPD
Elderly lungs have a higher lung (blank) which means they're easier to (blank), but they have a reduced lung (blank) which means they don't
easily return to their original (blank) during (blank). ✔️compliance
inflate
elasticity
shape
exhalation
In the aging lung, a reduced elasticity promotes small (blank), which has several consequences. ✔️airway collapse
In the aging lung, a reduced elasticity has several consequences: Name four of them. ✔️increased dead space
V/Q mismatch
increased A-a gradient
decreased PaO2
