HESI Pharmacology Practice EXAM LATEST 2026-2027
600 QUESTIONS AND 100% Verified ANSWERS
4 - answer>>The nurse provides discharge teaching to a client with tuberculosis. Which treatment
measure does the nurse reinforce as the highest priority?
1 Getting sufficient rest
2 Getting plenty of fresh air
3 Changing the current lifestyle
4 Consistently taking prescribed medication
1 - answer>>A client is diagnosed with tuberculosis associated with human immunodeficiency virus
infection. What crucial laboratory test results should the nurse review before antitubercular
pharmacotherapy is started?
1 Liver function studies
2 Pulmonary function studies
3 Electrocardiogram and echocardiogram
4 White blood cell (WBC) count and sedimentation rate
3 - answer>>Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and isoniazid (INH) are prescribed as part of the chemotherapy
protocol for a client with tuberculosis. Which response indicates to the nurse that vitamin B6 is
effective?
1 Weight gain
2 Absence of stomatitis
3 Absence of numbness and tingling in extremities
4 Acceleration of dormant tubercular bacilli destruction
1,3,2,4 - answer>>A healthcare provider prescribes a medication to be administered via a metered-
dose inhaler (MDI) for a young adult with asthma. List in order the steps the nurse teaches the client to
follow when using the inhaler.
1. Shake the inhaler for 30 seconds.
,2. Hold the inhaler upright in the mouth.
3. Exhale slowly and deeply to empty the air from the lungs.
4. Start breathing in and press down on the inhaler once
1 - answer>>A client with tuberculosis is to begin combination therapy with isoniazid, rifampin,
pyrazinamide, and streptomycin. The client says, "I've never had to take so much medication for an
infection before." How will the nurse respond?
1 "This type of organism is difficult to destroy."
2 "Streptomycin prevents side effects of the other drugs."
3 "You'll only need to take the medications for a couple of weeks."
4 "Aggressive therapy is needed because the infection is well advanced."
2 - answer>>A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of an exacerbation of asthma. What
should the nurse plan to do to best help this client?
1 Determine the client's emotional state.
2 Give prescribed drugs to promote bronchiolar dilation.
3 Provide education about the impact of a family history.
4 Encourage the client to use an incentive spirometer routinely
4 - answer>>The nurse is preparing to administer an intravenous piggyback antibiotic that has been
newly prescribed. Shortly after initiation, the client becomes restless and flushed and begins to
wheeze. The nurse determines the that appropriate priority action will be to stop the antibiotic
infusion and then do what?
1 Notify the physician immediately about the client's condition.
2 Take the client's blood pressure.
3 Obtain the client's pulse oximetry.
4 Assess the client's respiratory status
3 - answer>>A client has an anaphylactic reaction after receiving intravenous penicillin. What does the
nurse conclude is the cause of this reaction?
,1 An acquired atopic sensitization occurred.
2 There was passive immunity to the penicillin allergen.
3 Antibodies to penicillin developed after a previous exposure.
4 Potent antibodies were produced when the infusion was instituted
3 - answer>>During the administration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), an assessment of the client
reveals a bounding pulse, distended jugular veins, dyspnea, and cough. What is the priority nursing
intervention?
1 Restart the client's infusion at another site.
2 Slow the rate of the client's infusion of the TPN.
3 Interrupt the client's infusion and notify the healthcare provider.
4 Obtain the vital signs and continue monitoring the client's status
4 - answer>>A client develops a fever after surgery. Ceftriaxone is prescribed. For which potential
adverse effect should the nurse monitor the client?
1 Dehydration
2 Heart failure
3 Constipation
4 Allergic response
4 - answer>>A healthcare provider prescribes famotidine and magnesium hydroxide/aluminum
hydroxide antacid for a client with a peptic ulcer. The nurse should teach the client to take the antacid
at what time?
1 Only at bedtime, when famotidine is not taken
2 Only if famotidine is ineffective
3 At the same time as famotidine, with a full glass of water
4 One hour before or 2 hours after famotidine
1 - answer>>A healthcare provider prescribes an antibiotic intravenous piggyback twice a day for a
client with an infection. The healthcare provider prescribes peak and trough levels 48 and 72 hours
, after initiation of the therapy. The client asks the nurse why there is a need for so many blood tests.
What reason does the nurse provide?
1 "They determine adequate dosage levels of the drug."
2 "They detect if you are having an allergic reaction to the drug."
3 "The tests permit blood culture specimens to be obtained when the drug is at its lowest level."
4 "These allow comparison of your fever to when the blood level of the antibiotic is at its highest."
3 - answer>>A nurse is administering a histamine H2 antagonist to a client who has extensive burns.
The nurse explains to the client that this drug is given prophylactically during the first few weeks after
extensive burns. What complication of burns will it prevent?
1 Colitis
2 Gastritis
3 Stress ulcer
4 Metabolic acidosis
3 - answer>>A client is receiving penicillin G and probenecid for syphilis. What rationale should the
nurse give for the need to take these two drugs?
1 Each drug attacks the organism during different stages of cell multiplication.
2 The penicillin treats the syphilis, whereas the probenecid relieves the severe urethritis.
3 Probenecid delays excretion of penicillin, thus maintaining blood levels for longer periods.
4 Probenecid decreases the potential for an allergic reaction to penicillin, which treats the syphilis
4 - answer>>Ampicillin 250 mg by mouth every 6 hours is prescribed for a client who is to be
discharged. Which statement indicates to the nurse that the client understands the teaching about
ampicillin?
1 "I should drink a glass of milk with each pill."
2 "I should drink at least six glasses of water every day."
3 "The medicine should be taken with meals and at bedtime."
4 "The medicine should be taken one hour before or two hours after meals
600 QUESTIONS AND 100% Verified ANSWERS
4 - answer>>The nurse provides discharge teaching to a client with tuberculosis. Which treatment
measure does the nurse reinforce as the highest priority?
1 Getting sufficient rest
2 Getting plenty of fresh air
3 Changing the current lifestyle
4 Consistently taking prescribed medication
1 - answer>>A client is diagnosed with tuberculosis associated with human immunodeficiency virus
infection. What crucial laboratory test results should the nurse review before antitubercular
pharmacotherapy is started?
1 Liver function studies
2 Pulmonary function studies
3 Electrocardiogram and echocardiogram
4 White blood cell (WBC) count and sedimentation rate
3 - answer>>Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and isoniazid (INH) are prescribed as part of the chemotherapy
protocol for a client with tuberculosis. Which response indicates to the nurse that vitamin B6 is
effective?
1 Weight gain
2 Absence of stomatitis
3 Absence of numbness and tingling in extremities
4 Acceleration of dormant tubercular bacilli destruction
1,3,2,4 - answer>>A healthcare provider prescribes a medication to be administered via a metered-
dose inhaler (MDI) for a young adult with asthma. List in order the steps the nurse teaches the client to
follow when using the inhaler.
1. Shake the inhaler for 30 seconds.
,2. Hold the inhaler upright in the mouth.
3. Exhale slowly and deeply to empty the air from the lungs.
4. Start breathing in and press down on the inhaler once
1 - answer>>A client with tuberculosis is to begin combination therapy with isoniazid, rifampin,
pyrazinamide, and streptomycin. The client says, "I've never had to take so much medication for an
infection before." How will the nurse respond?
1 "This type of organism is difficult to destroy."
2 "Streptomycin prevents side effects of the other drugs."
3 "You'll only need to take the medications for a couple of weeks."
4 "Aggressive therapy is needed because the infection is well advanced."
2 - answer>>A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of an exacerbation of asthma. What
should the nurse plan to do to best help this client?
1 Determine the client's emotional state.
2 Give prescribed drugs to promote bronchiolar dilation.
3 Provide education about the impact of a family history.
4 Encourage the client to use an incentive spirometer routinely
4 - answer>>The nurse is preparing to administer an intravenous piggyback antibiotic that has been
newly prescribed. Shortly after initiation, the client becomes restless and flushed and begins to
wheeze. The nurse determines the that appropriate priority action will be to stop the antibiotic
infusion and then do what?
1 Notify the physician immediately about the client's condition.
2 Take the client's blood pressure.
3 Obtain the client's pulse oximetry.
4 Assess the client's respiratory status
3 - answer>>A client has an anaphylactic reaction after receiving intravenous penicillin. What does the
nurse conclude is the cause of this reaction?
,1 An acquired atopic sensitization occurred.
2 There was passive immunity to the penicillin allergen.
3 Antibodies to penicillin developed after a previous exposure.
4 Potent antibodies were produced when the infusion was instituted
3 - answer>>During the administration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), an assessment of the client
reveals a bounding pulse, distended jugular veins, dyspnea, and cough. What is the priority nursing
intervention?
1 Restart the client's infusion at another site.
2 Slow the rate of the client's infusion of the TPN.
3 Interrupt the client's infusion and notify the healthcare provider.
4 Obtain the vital signs and continue monitoring the client's status
4 - answer>>A client develops a fever after surgery. Ceftriaxone is prescribed. For which potential
adverse effect should the nurse monitor the client?
1 Dehydration
2 Heart failure
3 Constipation
4 Allergic response
4 - answer>>A healthcare provider prescribes famotidine and magnesium hydroxide/aluminum
hydroxide antacid for a client with a peptic ulcer. The nurse should teach the client to take the antacid
at what time?
1 Only at bedtime, when famotidine is not taken
2 Only if famotidine is ineffective
3 At the same time as famotidine, with a full glass of water
4 One hour before or 2 hours after famotidine
1 - answer>>A healthcare provider prescribes an antibiotic intravenous piggyback twice a day for a
client with an infection. The healthcare provider prescribes peak and trough levels 48 and 72 hours
, after initiation of the therapy. The client asks the nurse why there is a need for so many blood tests.
What reason does the nurse provide?
1 "They determine adequate dosage levels of the drug."
2 "They detect if you are having an allergic reaction to the drug."
3 "The tests permit blood culture specimens to be obtained when the drug is at its lowest level."
4 "These allow comparison of your fever to when the blood level of the antibiotic is at its highest."
3 - answer>>A nurse is administering a histamine H2 antagonist to a client who has extensive burns.
The nurse explains to the client that this drug is given prophylactically during the first few weeks after
extensive burns. What complication of burns will it prevent?
1 Colitis
2 Gastritis
3 Stress ulcer
4 Metabolic acidosis
3 - answer>>A client is receiving penicillin G and probenecid for syphilis. What rationale should the
nurse give for the need to take these two drugs?
1 Each drug attacks the organism during different stages of cell multiplication.
2 The penicillin treats the syphilis, whereas the probenecid relieves the severe urethritis.
3 Probenecid delays excretion of penicillin, thus maintaining blood levels for longer periods.
4 Probenecid decreases the potential for an allergic reaction to penicillin, which treats the syphilis
4 - answer>>Ampicillin 250 mg by mouth every 6 hours is prescribed for a client who is to be
discharged. Which statement indicates to the nurse that the client understands the teaching about
ampicillin?
1 "I should drink a glass of milk with each pill."
2 "I should drink at least six glasses of water every day."
3 "The medicine should be taken with meals and at bedtime."
4 "The medicine should be taken one hour before or two hours after meals
