PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY EXAM 1
UPDATED STUDY GUIDE WITH
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | GRADED
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Updated 2026 Questions and Answers | 100% Verified
Exam Prep
,Caudal Tail end, back
Dorsal Like a dolphin's dorsal fin, top
Lateral From one side
Ventral The belly, underneath side, or bottom
Anterior In front of
Posterior Behind
Cytoplasm Gel like substance within a cell membrane, contains organelles-the word plasm generally
means gel or liquid
Dendrite Branches at the receiving end of the neuron that receive messages from the other
neurons-new spines form on these dendrites when you learn a new skill and develop a
new memory
Axon Long, myeline-covered sheath that conducts the electrical impulses away from the cell
body-The myelin goes away when you have MS, causing the death of nerve impulses-The
myelin is still developing until the age of 22
Synapse Place where neurons communicate, electrically and chemically
Terminal Button The end of the cell where the synaptic vesicles release chemicals into the synaptic cleft
in order to be received by the next neuron
Axon hillock Action potentials are generated in the area just next to the axon hillock
Synaptic vesicles Little sacks that hold chemicals
Axon Potential
Formation of a neural tube and forebrain In the embryo, there is an area anterior to the neural tube with 3 swellings-one will
become the forebrain (prosencephalon)
, Forebrain Largest section of the brain containing all of the higher order mental processes
Midbrain Contains the colliculi
Hindbrain Contains the basic functions for life (medulla, pons, reticular formation)
Neural tube Precursor to brain and spinal cord (CNS)
Myelination The process of more myelin covering the axon to allow electrical impulses to be
processes more rapidly-process continues until about 22 years of age
Hippocampi In the limbic system and are in charge of episodic memory
Limbic System Set of structures with a role in emotion
Dura Mater Tough, fibrous covering to protect the brain
Pia Mater Thin layer of tissue right next to surface of brain-connected to brain and spinal cord
Arachnoid Mater Spidery tissues in-between dura and pia
Subarachnoid Space Area between pia and arachnoid, frequent site of hematoma (blood clot)-contains
cerebrospinal fluid which is later re-absorbed into the body
Meninges Protects the brain from injury and cushions the brain
Ganglia Structures of the peripheral nervous system that are composed largely of neural cell
bodies-Connect different structures in the body, such as peripheral nervous system and
central nervous system
Ganglion Mass of nervous cell bodies, bundles of dendrites and soma, often connected with other
ganglia to form a complex system, called a plexus
Corpus Callosum The colossal commissure-bundle of nerves that allow the left and righthemishperes to
communicate with one another
UPDATED STUDY GUIDE WITH
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | GRADED
A+ | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers | 100% Verified
Exam Prep
,Caudal Tail end, back
Dorsal Like a dolphin's dorsal fin, top
Lateral From one side
Ventral The belly, underneath side, or bottom
Anterior In front of
Posterior Behind
Cytoplasm Gel like substance within a cell membrane, contains organelles-the word plasm generally
means gel or liquid
Dendrite Branches at the receiving end of the neuron that receive messages from the other
neurons-new spines form on these dendrites when you learn a new skill and develop a
new memory
Axon Long, myeline-covered sheath that conducts the electrical impulses away from the cell
body-The myelin goes away when you have MS, causing the death of nerve impulses-The
myelin is still developing until the age of 22
Synapse Place where neurons communicate, electrically and chemically
Terminal Button The end of the cell where the synaptic vesicles release chemicals into the synaptic cleft
in order to be received by the next neuron
Axon hillock Action potentials are generated in the area just next to the axon hillock
Synaptic vesicles Little sacks that hold chemicals
Axon Potential
Formation of a neural tube and forebrain In the embryo, there is an area anterior to the neural tube with 3 swellings-one will
become the forebrain (prosencephalon)
, Forebrain Largest section of the brain containing all of the higher order mental processes
Midbrain Contains the colliculi
Hindbrain Contains the basic functions for life (medulla, pons, reticular formation)
Neural tube Precursor to brain and spinal cord (CNS)
Myelination The process of more myelin covering the axon to allow electrical impulses to be
processes more rapidly-process continues until about 22 years of age
Hippocampi In the limbic system and are in charge of episodic memory
Limbic System Set of structures with a role in emotion
Dura Mater Tough, fibrous covering to protect the brain
Pia Mater Thin layer of tissue right next to surface of brain-connected to brain and spinal cord
Arachnoid Mater Spidery tissues in-between dura and pia
Subarachnoid Space Area between pia and arachnoid, frequent site of hematoma (blood clot)-contains
cerebrospinal fluid which is later re-absorbed into the body
Meninges Protects the brain from injury and cushions the brain
Ganglia Structures of the peripheral nervous system that are composed largely of neural cell
bodies-Connect different structures in the body, such as peripheral nervous system and
central nervous system
Ganglion Mass of nervous cell bodies, bundles of dendrites and soma, often connected with other
ganglia to form a complex system, called a plexus
Corpus Callosum The colossal commissure-bundle of nerves that allow the left and righthemishperes to
communicate with one another
