GENETICS EXAM 2 UPDATED STUDY
GUIDE WITH QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | GRADED A+ |
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Updated 2026 Questions and Answers | 100% Verified
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,Match the description of DNA organization/structure with the The double-helix bends and wraps to form complex structures
appropriate level of complexity: Highest Level
What is the fundamental repeating structural unit of DNA and The nucleotide
RNA?
DNA nucleotides have three main parts to their structure: at Phosphate; base; deoxyribose
least one _______________ group; a nitrogenous _______________; and 5
carbon sugar called ________________
What kind of sugar is found in DNA? Deoxyribose
What are the names of the different types of nucleic acid? DNA and RNA
The nucleotides used to make RNA and DNA are made from Ribose
three main parts. One of those parts is a sugar molecule; in
RNA the sugar molecule is called
Which descriptions from the list are the four fundamental -Two strands of DNA can associate to form a double helix
levels of complexity seen in DNA? -The double helix can bend and wrap to form complex structures
-Two strands of DNA can associate to form a double helix -Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids
-The double helix associates with the plasma membrane to -Nucleotides are linked together to form a strand of DNA or RNA
form looped structures
-Lipids and carbohydrates associate with the double-helix to
form tertiary structures
-The double helix can bend and wrap to form complex
structures
-Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids
-Nucleotides are linked together to form a strand of DNA or
RNA
Nucleotides are used as the fundamental repeating structural DNA and RNA
unit of ___________ and __________
When comparing purines with pyrimidines, the best way to tell Bases
the difference between them is to look at the ring structures
of the nitrogenous _____________
,What are the three parts of a nucleotide? -A nitrogenous base
-A pentose sugar
-At least one phosphate group
DNA and RNA have three main parts, one of which is sugar. In Deoxyribose
DNA the sugar is _______________
How can nucleotides found in DNA be discriminated from -DNA nucleotides never contain uracil
those found in RNA? -DNA nucleotides contain deoxyribose
-DNA nucleotides may contain thymine
What is the sugar found in nucleotides used to make RNA? Ribose
Match the carbon number of nucleotide to the part of the Attached to the base
nucleotide attached to that carbon: 1'
Match the carbon number of a nucleotide to the part of the Attached to the phosphate group
nucleotide attached to that carbon: 5'
Match the carbon number of a nucleotide to the part of the Attached to the hydroxyl group
nucleotide attached to that carbon: 3'
What is the name for the type of bond connecting two sugar Phosphodiester linkage
molecules via a phosphate group in the backbone of DNA and
RNA?
Which criteria from the list can be used to discriminate The ring structures of the nucleotide
between purine and pyrimidine nucleotides?
-The position of the phosphate on the sugar of the nucleotide
-The ring structures of the nucleotide
-The absence of a 3' hydroxyl on the nucleotide
-The presence of a 2' hydroxyl on the nucleotide
DNA is negatively charged because of the negative charge Phosphate
found on the ________________ groups in the DNA backbone
Phosphate groups and sugar molecules make up the Backbone
_______________ of a DNA strand
, How can nucleotides found in RNA be discriminated from -RNA nucleotides contain ribose
those found in DNA? -RNA nucleotides may contain uracil
-RNA nucleotides don't contain thymine
In a nucleotide, the 1' carbon of the sugar is attached to the Base; Phosphate: Hydroxyl
_____________, the 5' carbon is attached to the ________________, and the
3' carbon is attached to a ____________
What does a phosphodiester bond link together? Two sugars on adjacent nucleotides in DNA or RNA
What makes DNA negatively charged? The negative charge on each phosphate in the sugar-phosphate backbone
Which components make up the backbone of a DNA strand? -Phosphate groups
-Deoxyribose sugars
What is Chargaff's rule? In double-stranded DNA, A=T and C=G
Consider a piece of double-stranded DNA that is 2,000 pase 1,400
pairs in length. If this piece of DNA had a total of 600
deoxyadenosine monophosphate nucleotides, how many
deoxycytidine monophoshpate nucleotides would be
present?
The image shows single-stranded DNA. Is the bottom of the 3'
strand the 5' end or the 3' end?
What assumptions did Crick and Watson need to make to -That all nucleotides are linked together using the same kind of bond
determine the double-stranded, helical structure of DNA? -That DNA is composed of nucleotides linked together in chains
Chargaff's rule says that in DNA, the amount of ____________ Adenine; Guanine
equals the amount of thymine and the amount of cytosine
equals the amount of ____________
The structure of DNA that Crick and Watson proposed has 2; Hydrogen
___________ (number) strands of DNA that are wrapped around
each other to form a double helix. The DNA bases of each
strand of DNA point towards the central axis of the molecule
and are held together by ____________ bonds
GUIDE WITH QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | GRADED A+ |
GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers | 100% Verified
Exam Prep
,Match the description of DNA organization/structure with the The double-helix bends and wraps to form complex structures
appropriate level of complexity: Highest Level
What is the fundamental repeating structural unit of DNA and The nucleotide
RNA?
DNA nucleotides have three main parts to their structure: at Phosphate; base; deoxyribose
least one _______________ group; a nitrogenous _______________; and 5
carbon sugar called ________________
What kind of sugar is found in DNA? Deoxyribose
What are the names of the different types of nucleic acid? DNA and RNA
The nucleotides used to make RNA and DNA are made from Ribose
three main parts. One of those parts is a sugar molecule; in
RNA the sugar molecule is called
Which descriptions from the list are the four fundamental -Two strands of DNA can associate to form a double helix
levels of complexity seen in DNA? -The double helix can bend and wrap to form complex structures
-Two strands of DNA can associate to form a double helix -Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids
-The double helix associates with the plasma membrane to -Nucleotides are linked together to form a strand of DNA or RNA
form looped structures
-Lipids and carbohydrates associate with the double-helix to
form tertiary structures
-The double helix can bend and wrap to form complex
structures
-Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids
-Nucleotides are linked together to form a strand of DNA or
RNA
Nucleotides are used as the fundamental repeating structural DNA and RNA
unit of ___________ and __________
When comparing purines with pyrimidines, the best way to tell Bases
the difference between them is to look at the ring structures
of the nitrogenous _____________
,What are the three parts of a nucleotide? -A nitrogenous base
-A pentose sugar
-At least one phosphate group
DNA and RNA have three main parts, one of which is sugar. In Deoxyribose
DNA the sugar is _______________
How can nucleotides found in DNA be discriminated from -DNA nucleotides never contain uracil
those found in RNA? -DNA nucleotides contain deoxyribose
-DNA nucleotides may contain thymine
What is the sugar found in nucleotides used to make RNA? Ribose
Match the carbon number of nucleotide to the part of the Attached to the base
nucleotide attached to that carbon: 1'
Match the carbon number of a nucleotide to the part of the Attached to the phosphate group
nucleotide attached to that carbon: 5'
Match the carbon number of a nucleotide to the part of the Attached to the hydroxyl group
nucleotide attached to that carbon: 3'
What is the name for the type of bond connecting two sugar Phosphodiester linkage
molecules via a phosphate group in the backbone of DNA and
RNA?
Which criteria from the list can be used to discriminate The ring structures of the nucleotide
between purine and pyrimidine nucleotides?
-The position of the phosphate on the sugar of the nucleotide
-The ring structures of the nucleotide
-The absence of a 3' hydroxyl on the nucleotide
-The presence of a 2' hydroxyl on the nucleotide
DNA is negatively charged because of the negative charge Phosphate
found on the ________________ groups in the DNA backbone
Phosphate groups and sugar molecules make up the Backbone
_______________ of a DNA strand
, How can nucleotides found in RNA be discriminated from -RNA nucleotides contain ribose
those found in DNA? -RNA nucleotides may contain uracil
-RNA nucleotides don't contain thymine
In a nucleotide, the 1' carbon of the sugar is attached to the Base; Phosphate: Hydroxyl
_____________, the 5' carbon is attached to the ________________, and the
3' carbon is attached to a ____________
What does a phosphodiester bond link together? Two sugars on adjacent nucleotides in DNA or RNA
What makes DNA negatively charged? The negative charge on each phosphate in the sugar-phosphate backbone
Which components make up the backbone of a DNA strand? -Phosphate groups
-Deoxyribose sugars
What is Chargaff's rule? In double-stranded DNA, A=T and C=G
Consider a piece of double-stranded DNA that is 2,000 pase 1,400
pairs in length. If this piece of DNA had a total of 600
deoxyadenosine monophosphate nucleotides, how many
deoxycytidine monophoshpate nucleotides would be
present?
The image shows single-stranded DNA. Is the bottom of the 3'
strand the 5' end or the 3' end?
What assumptions did Crick and Watson need to make to -That all nucleotides are linked together using the same kind of bond
determine the double-stranded, helical structure of DNA? -That DNA is composed of nucleotides linked together in chains
Chargaff's rule says that in DNA, the amount of ____________ Adenine; Guanine
equals the amount of thymine and the amount of cytosine
equals the amount of ____________
The structure of DNA that Crick and Watson proposed has 2; Hydrogen
___________ (number) strands of DNA that are wrapped around
each other to form a double helix. The DNA bases of each
strand of DNA point towards the central axis of the molecule
and are held together by ____________ bonds
