NTR 401 Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Cells in the bone that use hydrochloric acid and proteases to dissolve bone matrix and
mineral - CORRECT ANSWERS osteoclast
Calcitriol is a shorter term for the chemical structure - CORRECT ANSWERS 1,25
dihydroxycholecalciferol
Phylloquinone is... - CORRECT ANSWERS the chemical form of vitamin K that is
synthesized in plants
Each of the following food components reduce the uptake of minerals from the diet -
CORRECT ANSWERS -oxalic acid
-phytate
-tannins
-(NOT lactose)
Which types of research was used used in setting the revised RDA for vitamin D in the 2011
Institute of Medicine report? - CORRECT ANSWERS -The concentration of 25-OH
vitamin D in serum in healthy and chronic disease states
-The relationship between vitamin D and osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and rickets
-The relationship between vitamin D intake and 25-OH vitamin D in serum
Increased dietary fiber can be associated with decreased serum cholesterol levels because... -
CORRECT ANSWERS enterohepatic recirculation of bile salts is increased by the bile
salts binding to the fiber
In contrast to osteoporosis, the diseases osteomalacia and rickets are likely to.... - CORRECT
ANSWERS Be caused by low intake of vitamin D, not calcium, and be characterized
by a normal volume of bone that is more poorly mineralized
, Blood pH is LEAST likely to be affected or regulated by which of the following factors? -
CORRECT ANSWERS -Buffering by protein and organic acids in the blood
-Excreting varying ratios of cations to anions into the urine by the kidneys
-LOSING EXCESS MOISTURE THROUGH THE SKIN BY PERSPIRATION
-Removing carbon dioxide from the blood through the lungs
One of the few examples of excretion of intact proteins from the body is... - CORRECT
ANSWERS In the pancreatic fluid from the exocrine pancreas
Bones and teeth constitute the largest body storage of ALL of the following minerals
EXCEPT.... - CORRECT ANSWERS -Calcium
-Fluoride
-Phosphorus
-ZINC
The region of the bone most commonly fractured in individuals with osteoporosis is... -
CORRECT ANSWERS Ball (epiphysis) of the femur
The metabolic role of vitamin K that inks the physiology of bone development and blood
clotting is... - CORRECT ANSWERS Adding a second carboxylic acid to a carboxylic
acid side chain on glutamic acids in specific proteins
Toxic outcomes from taking in very high levels of supplemental vitamin D include ALL of
the following EXCEPT... - CORRECT ANSWERS -Calcium deposits in soft tissue,
such as muscle or calcium crystals radiating from the bones
-Calcium deposits in the blood vessels leading to cardiovascular disease
-INCREASED COLON CANCER INCIDENCE
-Cognitive or intellectual disabilities in infants
The latest RDA for vitamin D in men and women is 600 I.U. per day, based upon _________
research; however 2000 I.U. per day is an intake that may be more optimum based upon
___________. - CORRECT ANSWERS Bone heath; serum 25-OH vitamin D at an
optimum value of 75 nmol/L or 30 ng/mL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Cells in the bone that use hydrochloric acid and proteases to dissolve bone matrix and
mineral - CORRECT ANSWERS osteoclast
Calcitriol is a shorter term for the chemical structure - CORRECT ANSWERS 1,25
dihydroxycholecalciferol
Phylloquinone is... - CORRECT ANSWERS the chemical form of vitamin K that is
synthesized in plants
Each of the following food components reduce the uptake of minerals from the diet -
CORRECT ANSWERS -oxalic acid
-phytate
-tannins
-(NOT lactose)
Which types of research was used used in setting the revised RDA for vitamin D in the 2011
Institute of Medicine report? - CORRECT ANSWERS -The concentration of 25-OH
vitamin D in serum in healthy and chronic disease states
-The relationship between vitamin D and osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and rickets
-The relationship between vitamin D intake and 25-OH vitamin D in serum
Increased dietary fiber can be associated with decreased serum cholesterol levels because... -
CORRECT ANSWERS enterohepatic recirculation of bile salts is increased by the bile
salts binding to the fiber
In contrast to osteoporosis, the diseases osteomalacia and rickets are likely to.... - CORRECT
ANSWERS Be caused by low intake of vitamin D, not calcium, and be characterized
by a normal volume of bone that is more poorly mineralized
, Blood pH is LEAST likely to be affected or regulated by which of the following factors? -
CORRECT ANSWERS -Buffering by protein and organic acids in the blood
-Excreting varying ratios of cations to anions into the urine by the kidneys
-LOSING EXCESS MOISTURE THROUGH THE SKIN BY PERSPIRATION
-Removing carbon dioxide from the blood through the lungs
One of the few examples of excretion of intact proteins from the body is... - CORRECT
ANSWERS In the pancreatic fluid from the exocrine pancreas
Bones and teeth constitute the largest body storage of ALL of the following minerals
EXCEPT.... - CORRECT ANSWERS -Calcium
-Fluoride
-Phosphorus
-ZINC
The region of the bone most commonly fractured in individuals with osteoporosis is... -
CORRECT ANSWERS Ball (epiphysis) of the femur
The metabolic role of vitamin K that inks the physiology of bone development and blood
clotting is... - CORRECT ANSWERS Adding a second carboxylic acid to a carboxylic
acid side chain on glutamic acids in specific proteins
Toxic outcomes from taking in very high levels of supplemental vitamin D include ALL of
the following EXCEPT... - CORRECT ANSWERS -Calcium deposits in soft tissue,
such as muscle or calcium crystals radiating from the bones
-Calcium deposits in the blood vessels leading to cardiovascular disease
-INCREASED COLON CANCER INCIDENCE
-Cognitive or intellectual disabilities in infants
The latest RDA for vitamin D in men and women is 600 I.U. per day, based upon _________
research; however 2000 I.U. per day is an intake that may be more optimum based upon
___________. - CORRECT ANSWERS Bone heath; serum 25-OH vitamin D at an
optimum value of 75 nmol/L or 30 ng/mL
