Medicine Year 1 – Complete Examination
Comprehensive Final Examination (Verified 2025
Edition)
SECTION A: ANATOMY (Questions 1–25)
Question 1
Which of the following structures passes through the quadrangular space?
A) Axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery
B) Radial nerve and profunda brachii artery
C) Suprascapular nerve and suprascapular artery
D) Musculocutaneous nerve and brachial artery
E) Ulnar nerve and superior ulnar collateral artery
ANSWER: A
Rationale: The quadrangular space is bounded by the teres minor superiorly, teres major inferiorly, long
head of triceps medially, and surgical neck of humerus laterally. It transmits the axillary nerve and
posterior circumflex humeral artery. The radial nerve and profunda brachii artery pass through the
triangular interval, not the quadrangular space.
Question 2
The clavipectoral fascia is pierced by which of the following structures?
A) Axillary artery and vein
B) Brachial plexus cords
C) Cephalic vein, thoracoacromial artery, and lateral pectoral nerve
,D) Long thoracic nerve and thoracodorsal artery
E) Subclavian artery and vein
ANSWER: C
Rationale: The clavipectoral fascia is a strong fascial sheet deep to the clavicular head of pectoralis
major. It is pierced by the cephalic vein, thoracoacromial artery, and lateral pectoral nerve. The axillary
vessels and brachial plexus cords pass deep to this fascia.
Question 3
Cryptorchidism refers to:
A) Inflammation of the epididymis
B) Undescended testis
C) Torsion of the spermatic cord
D) Absence of the vas deferens
E) Hydrocele of the tunica vaginalis
ANSWER: B
Rationale: Cryptorchidism is the failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum. It is
associated with an increased risk of infertility and testicular malignancy. The condition requires timely
intervention, typically before 12–18 months of age.
Question 4
The blood supply of the gonads in males originates from:
A) Internal iliac artery
B) Abdominal aorta at the level of L2
C) Renal artery
D) External iliac artery
E) Common iliac artery
,ANSWER: B
Rationale: The testicular arteries arise directly from the abdominal aorta just below the renal arteries (at
the level of L2). They descend retroperitoneally and pass through the inguinal canal to supply the testes.
The ovarian arteries in females have a similar origin.
Question 5
Which of the following epithelial tissues is correctly matched with its location?
A) Simple squamous epithelium – lining of the trachea
B) Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium – esophagus
C) Simple columnar epithelium – small intestine
D) Transitional epithelium – proximal convoluted tubule
E) Pseudostratified columnar epithelium – alveoli of lungs
ANSWER: C
Rationale: Simple columnar epithelium lines the small intestine, where it facilitates absorption and
secretion. Simple squamous epithelium lines the alveoli (not the trachea). Stratified squamous non-
keratinized epithelium lines the esophagus. Transitional epithelium lines the urinary bladder, not the
PCT. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium lines the trachea.
Question 6
The histology of the duodenum is characterized by the presence of:
A) Peyer's patches in the submucosa
B) Brunner's glands in the submucosa
C) Villi with no goblet cells
D) A muscularis mucosa only in the distal portion
E) Paneth cells in the muscularis externa
, ANSWER: B
Rationale: Brunner's glands (compound tubular mucous glands) are found in the submucosa of the
duodenum, particularly in the proximal portion. They secrete alkaline mucus to neutralize gastric acid.
Peyer's patches are more prominent in the ileum.
Question 7
The fascia lata is the deep fascia of the:
A) Arm
B) Thigh
C) Leg
D) Abdomen
E) Thorax
ANSWER: B
Rationale: The fascia lata is the deep fascia of the thigh. It is a strong fibrous sheath that envelops the
muscles of the thigh and gives off the iliotibial tract laterally.
Question 8
Which bone does NOT articulate with the clavicle?
A) Scapula
B) Sternum
C) First rib
D) Second rib
E) Manubrium
ANSWER: D
Comprehensive Final Examination (Verified 2025
Edition)
SECTION A: ANATOMY (Questions 1–25)
Question 1
Which of the following structures passes through the quadrangular space?
A) Axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery
B) Radial nerve and profunda brachii artery
C) Suprascapular nerve and suprascapular artery
D) Musculocutaneous nerve and brachial artery
E) Ulnar nerve and superior ulnar collateral artery
ANSWER: A
Rationale: The quadrangular space is bounded by the teres minor superiorly, teres major inferiorly, long
head of triceps medially, and surgical neck of humerus laterally. It transmits the axillary nerve and
posterior circumflex humeral artery. The radial nerve and profunda brachii artery pass through the
triangular interval, not the quadrangular space.
Question 2
The clavipectoral fascia is pierced by which of the following structures?
A) Axillary artery and vein
B) Brachial plexus cords
C) Cephalic vein, thoracoacromial artery, and lateral pectoral nerve
,D) Long thoracic nerve and thoracodorsal artery
E) Subclavian artery and vein
ANSWER: C
Rationale: The clavipectoral fascia is a strong fascial sheet deep to the clavicular head of pectoralis
major. It is pierced by the cephalic vein, thoracoacromial artery, and lateral pectoral nerve. The axillary
vessels and brachial plexus cords pass deep to this fascia.
Question 3
Cryptorchidism refers to:
A) Inflammation of the epididymis
B) Undescended testis
C) Torsion of the spermatic cord
D) Absence of the vas deferens
E) Hydrocele of the tunica vaginalis
ANSWER: B
Rationale: Cryptorchidism is the failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum. It is
associated with an increased risk of infertility and testicular malignancy. The condition requires timely
intervention, typically before 12–18 months of age.
Question 4
The blood supply of the gonads in males originates from:
A) Internal iliac artery
B) Abdominal aorta at the level of L2
C) Renal artery
D) External iliac artery
E) Common iliac artery
,ANSWER: B
Rationale: The testicular arteries arise directly from the abdominal aorta just below the renal arteries (at
the level of L2). They descend retroperitoneally and pass through the inguinal canal to supply the testes.
The ovarian arteries in females have a similar origin.
Question 5
Which of the following epithelial tissues is correctly matched with its location?
A) Simple squamous epithelium – lining of the trachea
B) Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium – esophagus
C) Simple columnar epithelium – small intestine
D) Transitional epithelium – proximal convoluted tubule
E) Pseudostratified columnar epithelium – alveoli of lungs
ANSWER: C
Rationale: Simple columnar epithelium lines the small intestine, where it facilitates absorption and
secretion. Simple squamous epithelium lines the alveoli (not the trachea). Stratified squamous non-
keratinized epithelium lines the esophagus. Transitional epithelium lines the urinary bladder, not the
PCT. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium lines the trachea.
Question 6
The histology of the duodenum is characterized by the presence of:
A) Peyer's patches in the submucosa
B) Brunner's glands in the submucosa
C) Villi with no goblet cells
D) A muscularis mucosa only in the distal portion
E) Paneth cells in the muscularis externa
, ANSWER: B
Rationale: Brunner's glands (compound tubular mucous glands) are found in the submucosa of the
duodenum, particularly in the proximal portion. They secrete alkaline mucus to neutralize gastric acid.
Peyer's patches are more prominent in the ileum.
Question 7
The fascia lata is the deep fascia of the:
A) Arm
B) Thigh
C) Leg
D) Abdomen
E) Thorax
ANSWER: B
Rationale: The fascia lata is the deep fascia of the thigh. It is a strong fibrous sheath that envelops the
muscles of the thigh and gives off the iliotibial tract laterally.
Question 8
Which bone does NOT articulate with the clavicle?
A) Scapula
B) Sternum
C) First rib
D) Second rib
E) Manubrium
ANSWER: D
