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1. Specific tariffs levied as a fixed charge for each unit of a good imported
2. Ad Volorem Tariff levied as a proportion of the value of the imported good
3. Subsidies government payments to businesses
4. Import Quotas restrict the quantity of some good that may be imported into a country
5. Tariff rate quotas a hybrid of a quota and a tariff where a lower tariff is applied to imports within the
quota than to those over the quota
6. Quota Rent the extra profit that producers make when supply is artificially limited by an import
quota
7. Voluntary Export quotas on trade imposed by the exporting country, typically at the request of the
Restraints importing country's government
8. Local Content Re- demands that some specific fraction of a good be produced domestically
quirement (LCR)
9. Administrative bureaucratic rules designed to make it difficult for imports to enter a country
Policies
10. Anti-dumping punish foreign firms that engage in dumping and protect domestic producers
policies from "unfair" foreign competition
11. The infant indus- an industry should be protected until it can develop and be viable and competitive
try argument internationally
12. Strategic Trade first mover advantages can be important to success
Policy
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