Pharmacology NURS 251 Module 1 to 10 Exam (2026 /
2027)Portage Learning / ABC Nursing / Geneva College
Questions and Verified Answers | 100% Guarantee Pass
Module 1: Introduction to Pharmacology & Pharmacokinetics
1. What is the definition of pharmacokinetics?
A) The study of how drugs affect the body
B) The study of what the body does to the drug
C) The study of drug adverse effects
D) The study of drug interactions
Answer: B) The study of what the body does to the drug
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics involves absorption, distribution,
metabolism, and excretion (ADME). Pharmacodynamics is what
the drug does to the body.
2. Which route of administration bypasses the first-pass effect?
A) Oral
B) Sublingual
C) Enteral
D) Rectal (suppository)
Answer: B) Sublingual
,Rationale: Sublingual administration allows the drug to be
absorbed directly into the systemic circulation via the highly
vascular mucosa, bypassing the liver's first-pass metabolism.
3. A drug's half-life (t½) is defined as:
A) The time it takes for a drug to reach its peak effect
B) The time it takes for the plasma concentration of a drug to
reduce by 50%
C) The time it takes for the drug to be completely eliminated
from the body
D) The time it takes for the drug to be absorbed
Answer: B) The time it takes for the plasma concentration of a
drug to reduce by 50%
Rationale: Half-life is crucial for determining dosing intervals. It
generally takes 4-5 half-lives for a drug to reach a steady state
or be completely eliminated.
4. Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for binding
acidic drugs in the bloodstream?
A) Albumin
B) Globulin
,C) Fibrinogen
D) Lipoprotein
Answer: A) Albumin
Rationale: Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein and is
the primary carrier for acidic drugs. Low albumin levels can lead
to drug toxicity.
5. A patient with liver cirrhosis may experience an increased risk
of drug toxicity because of impaired:
A) Absorption
B) Distribution
C) Metabolism
D) Excretion
Answer: C) Metabolism
Rationale: The liver is the primary site of drug metabolism.
Cirrhosis impairs this function, leading to a buildup of active
drugs in the system.
Module 2: Pharmacodynamics & Medication Safety
6. An agonist is a drug that:
, A) Binds to a receptor and prevents a response
B) Binds to a receptor and stimulates a response
C) Increases the excretion of another drug
D) Decreases the absorption of another drug
Answer: B) Binds to a receptor and stimulates a response
Rationale: Agonists have both affinity and intrinsic activity,
meaning they bind to the receptor and produce a therapeutic
effect.
7. Which of the following is a narrow therapeutic index (NTI)
drug?
A) Acetaminophen
B) Warfarin
C) Metformin
D) Ibuprofen
Answer: B) Warfarin
Rationale: NTI drugs require precise dosing and close
monitoring, as the margin between a therapeutic dose and a
toxic dose is very small.
2027)Portage Learning / ABC Nursing / Geneva College
Questions and Verified Answers | 100% Guarantee Pass
Module 1: Introduction to Pharmacology & Pharmacokinetics
1. What is the definition of pharmacokinetics?
A) The study of how drugs affect the body
B) The study of what the body does to the drug
C) The study of drug adverse effects
D) The study of drug interactions
Answer: B) The study of what the body does to the drug
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics involves absorption, distribution,
metabolism, and excretion (ADME). Pharmacodynamics is what
the drug does to the body.
2. Which route of administration bypasses the first-pass effect?
A) Oral
B) Sublingual
C) Enteral
D) Rectal (suppository)
Answer: B) Sublingual
,Rationale: Sublingual administration allows the drug to be
absorbed directly into the systemic circulation via the highly
vascular mucosa, bypassing the liver's first-pass metabolism.
3. A drug's half-life (t½) is defined as:
A) The time it takes for a drug to reach its peak effect
B) The time it takes for the plasma concentration of a drug to
reduce by 50%
C) The time it takes for the drug to be completely eliminated
from the body
D) The time it takes for the drug to be absorbed
Answer: B) The time it takes for the plasma concentration of a
drug to reduce by 50%
Rationale: Half-life is crucial for determining dosing intervals. It
generally takes 4-5 half-lives for a drug to reach a steady state
or be completely eliminated.
4. Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for binding
acidic drugs in the bloodstream?
A) Albumin
B) Globulin
,C) Fibrinogen
D) Lipoprotein
Answer: A) Albumin
Rationale: Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein and is
the primary carrier for acidic drugs. Low albumin levels can lead
to drug toxicity.
5. A patient with liver cirrhosis may experience an increased risk
of drug toxicity because of impaired:
A) Absorption
B) Distribution
C) Metabolism
D) Excretion
Answer: C) Metabolism
Rationale: The liver is the primary site of drug metabolism.
Cirrhosis impairs this function, leading to a buildup of active
drugs in the system.
Module 2: Pharmacodynamics & Medication Safety
6. An agonist is a drug that:
, A) Binds to a receptor and prevents a response
B) Binds to a receptor and stimulates a response
C) Increases the excretion of another drug
D) Decreases the absorption of another drug
Answer: B) Binds to a receptor and stimulates a response
Rationale: Agonists have both affinity and intrinsic activity,
meaning they bind to the receptor and produce a therapeutic
effect.
7. Which of the following is a narrow therapeutic index (NTI)
drug?
A) Acetaminophen
B) Warfarin
C) Metformin
D) Ibuprofen
Answer: B) Warfarin
Rationale: NTI drugs require precise dosing and close
monitoring, as the margin between a therapeutic dose and a
toxic dose is very small.
