ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM
2026/2027 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
What physiologic action happens when the offending drug is administered during
an anaphylactic reaction.
Mast cells liberate large doses of histamine.
What are two systemic psoriasis medications?
Photo-therapy and topical corticosteroids
What is the first choice of drug therapy for the majority of patients with
uncomplicated stage I hypertension?
Thiazide diuretics
What is the effect of cardiac glycosides?
Digitalis glycosides have a negative chronotropic effect on the cardiac muscle
cells.
Amenorrhea is the most common side effect of which birth control medication?
Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera)
,What is an anti-hypertensive agent which competes with epinephrine for available
beta-receptor sites?
Atenolol (Tenormin)
What type of action does nitrates have on the body?
Reduction in systemic venous tone.
Why are nitrate-free periods every 24 hours necessary for the patient on
nitroglycerin therapy?
To inhibit the development of tolerance
What does a low level of thyroid-stimulating hormone indicate?
Hyperthroidism
What would be the best option to treat a newly diagnosed patient with a low TSH
level with?
Propanolol (Inderal)
Spironoaldactone (Aldactone) has what mechanism of action (MOA)?
Aldosterone antagonist
,Heparin exerts its therapeutic action by what?
Upregulating the activity of one of the body's natural anticoagulant molecules,
antithrombin III
What is the recommended level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) for
patients with known coronary artery disease?
100mg/dl or less.
What is the MOA of group IV anti-dysrhythmia drugs?
Depressing phase 4 depolarization and lengthening phases 1 and 2 repolarization.
Which drug therapy should be used to lower the serum concentration of thyroid
hormones and re-establish eumetabolic state in a patient with Graves' disease?
Anti-thyroid drugs.
Which type of diuretic would be used for a stage I hypertension in a patient with
renal insufficiency?
Loop diuretic.
, What drug should be considered as first-line therapy for a client with hypertension
and heart failure?
Enalapril (Vasotec)
Which drug is considered safe for hypertension treatment during pregnancy?
Methyldopa (Aldomet)
What drug will reduce afterload because it is an alpha-adrenergic blocker?
Prazosin (Minipress)
What is an expected effect of the use of a beta-adrenergic blocker to control
angina?
Reduced force of cardiac contraction.
What side effect should be monitored closely in the elderly when taking Metformin
(Glucophage) for type 2 diabetes?
Lactic acidosis.
What is the primary role of cytochrome p-450 in the liver?
Deactivate and detoxify medications and other substances.
2026/2027 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
What physiologic action happens when the offending drug is administered during
an anaphylactic reaction.
Mast cells liberate large doses of histamine.
What are two systemic psoriasis medications?
Photo-therapy and topical corticosteroids
What is the first choice of drug therapy for the majority of patients with
uncomplicated stage I hypertension?
Thiazide diuretics
What is the effect of cardiac glycosides?
Digitalis glycosides have a negative chronotropic effect on the cardiac muscle
cells.
Amenorrhea is the most common side effect of which birth control medication?
Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera)
,What is an anti-hypertensive agent which competes with epinephrine for available
beta-receptor sites?
Atenolol (Tenormin)
What type of action does nitrates have on the body?
Reduction in systemic venous tone.
Why are nitrate-free periods every 24 hours necessary for the patient on
nitroglycerin therapy?
To inhibit the development of tolerance
What does a low level of thyroid-stimulating hormone indicate?
Hyperthroidism
What would be the best option to treat a newly diagnosed patient with a low TSH
level with?
Propanolol (Inderal)
Spironoaldactone (Aldactone) has what mechanism of action (MOA)?
Aldosterone antagonist
,Heparin exerts its therapeutic action by what?
Upregulating the activity of one of the body's natural anticoagulant molecules,
antithrombin III
What is the recommended level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) for
patients with known coronary artery disease?
100mg/dl or less.
What is the MOA of group IV anti-dysrhythmia drugs?
Depressing phase 4 depolarization and lengthening phases 1 and 2 repolarization.
Which drug therapy should be used to lower the serum concentration of thyroid
hormones and re-establish eumetabolic state in a patient with Graves' disease?
Anti-thyroid drugs.
Which type of diuretic would be used for a stage I hypertension in a patient with
renal insufficiency?
Loop diuretic.
, What drug should be considered as first-line therapy for a client with hypertension
and heart failure?
Enalapril (Vasotec)
Which drug is considered safe for hypertension treatment during pregnancy?
Methyldopa (Aldomet)
What drug will reduce afterload because it is an alpha-adrenergic blocker?
Prazosin (Minipress)
What is an expected effect of the use of a beta-adrenergic blocker to control
angina?
Reduced force of cardiac contraction.
What side effect should be monitored closely in the elderly when taking Metformin
(Glucophage) for type 2 diabetes?
Lactic acidosis.
What is the primary role of cytochrome p-450 in the liver?
Deactivate and detoxify medications and other substances.
