NEUROPHYSIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE |
COMPLETE EXAM PREP, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
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,Where are the cell bodies of pseudounipolar neurons typically Ganglia of the PNS
located?
Which morphological class of neuron has two processes; Bipolar
usually associated with special senses (e.g., auditory or
vestibular)?
Which morphological class of neuron has only one process Unipolar
that extends from the cell body?
Which functional class of neuron send axons (aka fibers) from Efferent (motor) neurons
the CNS to effectors?
Which functional class of neuron send axons from the human Afferent (sensory) neurons (aka primary sensory neurons)
body to the CNS?
Which functional class of neuron connect neurons within the Interneurons (aka local circuit neurons)
CNS?
Which functional class of neuron send axons to distant targets Projection neurons
within the CNS?
What relational term means "on the same side"? Ipsilateral
What relational term means "on the opposite side"? Contralateral
What is a group of neurons in the PNS called? Ganglion
What is a group of neurons in the CNS called? Nucleus
What is a bundle of axons in the PNS that usually contains Nerve
both afferent and efferent fibers?
What is a collection of axons where cell bodies are in one Tract
area of the CNS and projections are sent to another area?
,What is the part of the CNS containing a discrete collection of Fasciculus
axons?
What is a large collection of axons (within a defined CNS Funiculus
region) that may contain multiple fasciculi or tracts?
What are the four types of glia? Oligodendrocyte/Schwann Cells, Astrocytes, Microglia, and Ependymal Cells
What forms myelin and regulates velocity of APs in axons in Oligodendrocytes
the CNS?
What forms myelin and regulates velocity of APs in axons in Schwann Cells
the PNS?
What type of glia supports metabolic activity of neurons (i.e., Astrocytes
NT uptake) and regulates extracellular fluid (i.e., K+ balance)?
What type of glia are macrophage-like cells that participate in Microglia
immune functions?
What type of glia forms the lining of cerebral ventricles and Ependymal Cells
regulates cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
What type of matter is the darker area on a spinal cord cross- Gray Matter
section?
What does gray matter contain? Cell bodies of neurons and glia
What type of matter is the lighter area on a spinal cord cross- White Matter
section?
What does white matter contain? Axons of projecting neurons
What is the sensory (afferent) input to the spinal cord? Dorsal Root
What is the motor (efferent) output from the spinal cord? Ventral Root
, What contains cell bodies of the pseudounipolar sensory Dorsal Root Ganglion
neurons of the Somatosensory system (SS)?
Spinal nerves are formed by joining of _____ and _____ roots? Dorsal and Ventral
How many spinal cord segments and (respectively) pairs of 31
spinal nerves are there?
How many cervical spinal cord segments are there? 8
How many thoracic spinal cord segments are there? 12
How many lumbar spinal cord segments are there? 5
How many sacral spinal cord segments are there? 5
How many coccygeal spinal cord segments are there? 1
Cerebral ventricles are four interconnected cavities within the CSF
brain filled with what?
What are the three membranes (meninges) of the brain in (i) dura mater - outer, (ii) arachnoid - middle, (iii) pia mater - inner
order from outer to inner?
Dap me up son
What is the space between arachnoid and pia mater? Subarachnoid space
What is the Subarachnoid Space filled with? CSF
The cerebral ventricles and subarachnoid space are Openings in the walls of the 4th ventricle
interconnected via what?
Choroid plexus in the walls of ventricles contains what type of Ependymal
cells?
What does ependymal cells produce? CSF
COMPLETE EXAM PREP, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
| GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep
,Where are the cell bodies of pseudounipolar neurons typically Ganglia of the PNS
located?
Which morphological class of neuron has two processes; Bipolar
usually associated with special senses (e.g., auditory or
vestibular)?
Which morphological class of neuron has only one process Unipolar
that extends from the cell body?
Which functional class of neuron send axons (aka fibers) from Efferent (motor) neurons
the CNS to effectors?
Which functional class of neuron send axons from the human Afferent (sensory) neurons (aka primary sensory neurons)
body to the CNS?
Which functional class of neuron connect neurons within the Interneurons (aka local circuit neurons)
CNS?
Which functional class of neuron send axons to distant targets Projection neurons
within the CNS?
What relational term means "on the same side"? Ipsilateral
What relational term means "on the opposite side"? Contralateral
What is a group of neurons in the PNS called? Ganglion
What is a group of neurons in the CNS called? Nucleus
What is a bundle of axons in the PNS that usually contains Nerve
both afferent and efferent fibers?
What is a collection of axons where cell bodies are in one Tract
area of the CNS and projections are sent to another area?
,What is the part of the CNS containing a discrete collection of Fasciculus
axons?
What is a large collection of axons (within a defined CNS Funiculus
region) that may contain multiple fasciculi or tracts?
What are the four types of glia? Oligodendrocyte/Schwann Cells, Astrocytes, Microglia, and Ependymal Cells
What forms myelin and regulates velocity of APs in axons in Oligodendrocytes
the CNS?
What forms myelin and regulates velocity of APs in axons in Schwann Cells
the PNS?
What type of glia supports metabolic activity of neurons (i.e., Astrocytes
NT uptake) and regulates extracellular fluid (i.e., K+ balance)?
What type of glia are macrophage-like cells that participate in Microglia
immune functions?
What type of glia forms the lining of cerebral ventricles and Ependymal Cells
regulates cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
What type of matter is the darker area on a spinal cord cross- Gray Matter
section?
What does gray matter contain? Cell bodies of neurons and glia
What type of matter is the lighter area on a spinal cord cross- White Matter
section?
What does white matter contain? Axons of projecting neurons
What is the sensory (afferent) input to the spinal cord? Dorsal Root
What is the motor (efferent) output from the spinal cord? Ventral Root
, What contains cell bodies of the pseudounipolar sensory Dorsal Root Ganglion
neurons of the Somatosensory system (SS)?
Spinal nerves are formed by joining of _____ and _____ roots? Dorsal and Ventral
How many spinal cord segments and (respectively) pairs of 31
spinal nerves are there?
How many cervical spinal cord segments are there? 8
How many thoracic spinal cord segments are there? 12
How many lumbar spinal cord segments are there? 5
How many sacral spinal cord segments are there? 5
How many coccygeal spinal cord segments are there? 1
Cerebral ventricles are four interconnected cavities within the CSF
brain filled with what?
What are the three membranes (meninges) of the brain in (i) dura mater - outer, (ii) arachnoid - middle, (iii) pia mater - inner
order from outer to inner?
Dap me up son
What is the space between arachnoid and pia mater? Subarachnoid space
What is the Subarachnoid Space filled with? CSF
The cerebral ventricles and subarachnoid space are Openings in the walls of the 4th ventricle
interconnected via what?
Choroid plexus in the walls of ventricles contains what type of Ependymal
cells?
What does ependymal cells produce? CSF
