NUR 4132 Pediatric Cardiac, Hematology, Oncology & Respiratory Exam
2026 | Questions with Answers & Rationales | 100% Success Guaranteed
1. Where does a cardiac catheter go through?
A. A vein only
B. An artery
C. The lymphatic system
D. The airway
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cardiac catheterization commonly accesses an artery (often femoral artery) to
allow passage of the catheter into the heart for diagnostic evaluation or intervention.
2. What should the nurse monitor after a cardiac catheterization?
A. Appetite only
B. Bleeding, pulses to the extremity, and infection
C. Bowel sounds only
D. Skin color only
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: After catheterization, the nurse must assess the insertion site for
bleeding, check distal pulses for circulation, and monitor for infection.
3. What teaching is important after cardiac catheterization through the inguinal
area?
A. Cross the legs frequently
B. Keep the leg flexed
C. Do not cross legs
D. Walk immediately
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Crossing the legs can constrict the catheter insertion site and increase the risk
of bleeding or impaired circulation.
4. What teaching is required for Digoxin?
A. It increases heart rate
B. It strengthens the heart and slows the heart rate
C. It prevents infection
,D. It increases fluid retention
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digoxin improves cardiac contractility and slows conduction through the AV
node, helping improve cardiac output.
5. How is Digoxin effectiveness evaluated?
A. Increased edema
B. Improved cardiac output, perfusion, heart rate, and urine output
C. Increased respiratory distress
D. Reduced appetite
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Improved perfusion, heart rate control, cardiac output, and renal function
indicate therapeutic effects.
6. What is Kawasaki Disease?
A. A lung disorder
B. A disease affecting blood vessels throughout the body
C. A kidney disorder
D. A bone disorder
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Kawasaki disease is an inflammatory vasculitis affecting medium-sized blood
vessels and can involve coronary arteries.
7. What is the priority intervention for a child with Tetralogy of Fallot experiencing
a Tet spell?
A. Place in knee-to-chest position
B. Encourage activity
C. Give high-fat foods
D. Place flat
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The knee-to-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance and
improves pulmonary blood flow during a Tet spell.
8. What is the most common childhood cancer?
A. Osteosarcoma
, B. ALL
C. Wilms tumor
D. Retinoblastoma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer diagnosed
in children.
9. How should pancreatic enzymes be administered for cystic fibrosis?
A. With water only
B. Sprinkled over food
C. Before sleep only
D. Injected
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pancreatic enzyme capsules can be opened and sprinkled over acidic soft
foods to improve digestion.
10. Which medication is expected for emergency treatment of acute asthma?
A. Albuterol
B. Digoxin
C. Vitamin K
D. Oxytocin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting bronchodilator used for rapid relief during asthma
exacerbations.
11. Question 11: A pediatric patient requires nursing assessment. Which action is
appropriate?
A. Ignore changes
B. Perform appropriate assessment and intervention
C. Delay care
D. Avoid monitoring
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses prioritize assessment and timely interventions to identify
complications and maintain patient safety.
2026 | Questions with Answers & Rationales | 100% Success Guaranteed
1. Where does a cardiac catheter go through?
A. A vein only
B. An artery
C. The lymphatic system
D. The airway
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cardiac catheterization commonly accesses an artery (often femoral artery) to
allow passage of the catheter into the heart for diagnostic evaluation or intervention.
2. What should the nurse monitor after a cardiac catheterization?
A. Appetite only
B. Bleeding, pulses to the extremity, and infection
C. Bowel sounds only
D. Skin color only
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: After catheterization, the nurse must assess the insertion site for
bleeding, check distal pulses for circulation, and monitor for infection.
3. What teaching is important after cardiac catheterization through the inguinal
area?
A. Cross the legs frequently
B. Keep the leg flexed
C. Do not cross legs
D. Walk immediately
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Crossing the legs can constrict the catheter insertion site and increase the risk
of bleeding or impaired circulation.
4. What teaching is required for Digoxin?
A. It increases heart rate
B. It strengthens the heart and slows the heart rate
C. It prevents infection
,D. It increases fluid retention
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digoxin improves cardiac contractility and slows conduction through the AV
node, helping improve cardiac output.
5. How is Digoxin effectiveness evaluated?
A. Increased edema
B. Improved cardiac output, perfusion, heart rate, and urine output
C. Increased respiratory distress
D. Reduced appetite
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Improved perfusion, heart rate control, cardiac output, and renal function
indicate therapeutic effects.
6. What is Kawasaki Disease?
A. A lung disorder
B. A disease affecting blood vessels throughout the body
C. A kidney disorder
D. A bone disorder
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Kawasaki disease is an inflammatory vasculitis affecting medium-sized blood
vessels and can involve coronary arteries.
7. What is the priority intervention for a child with Tetralogy of Fallot experiencing
a Tet spell?
A. Place in knee-to-chest position
B. Encourage activity
C. Give high-fat foods
D. Place flat
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The knee-to-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance and
improves pulmonary blood flow during a Tet spell.
8. What is the most common childhood cancer?
A. Osteosarcoma
, B. ALL
C. Wilms tumor
D. Retinoblastoma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer diagnosed
in children.
9. How should pancreatic enzymes be administered for cystic fibrosis?
A. With water only
B. Sprinkled over food
C. Before sleep only
D. Injected
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pancreatic enzyme capsules can be opened and sprinkled over acidic soft
foods to improve digestion.
10. Which medication is expected for emergency treatment of acute asthma?
A. Albuterol
B. Digoxin
C. Vitamin K
D. Oxytocin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting bronchodilator used for rapid relief during asthma
exacerbations.
11. Question 11: A pediatric patient requires nursing assessment. Which action is
appropriate?
A. Ignore changes
B. Perform appropriate assessment and intervention
C. Delay care
D. Avoid monitoring
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses prioritize assessment and timely interventions to identify
complications and maintain patient safety.
