Jersey College Nutrition Midterm Exam: 2026/2027
ACTUAL TEST BANK WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
• Nutrition -✓✓ A science that studies food and health.
• Scurvy -✓✓ A deficiency of Vitamin C.
• Chronic disease -✓✓ A long-lasting condition that can be controlled but not cured.
• Wellness -✓✓ A state of being in good health, especially as an actively pursued goal.
• Nutrients -✓✓ Substances that provide nourishment essential for growth and the
maintenance of life.
• Organic -✓✓ Containing carbon; relating to or derived from living matter.
• Inorganic -✓✓ Not consisting of or deriving from living matter.
• Macronutrient -✓✓ A type of nutrient required in large amounts for energy and growth.
• Carbohydrates -✓✓ Organic compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen,
typically providing energy.
• Fats -✓✓ A type of nutrient that provides energy and supports cell growth.
• Proteins -✓✓ Large molecules made up of amino acids that are essential for the
structure and function of cells.
• Micronutrients -✓✓ Nutrients required by the body in smaller amounts, including
vitamins and minerals.
• Vitamins -✓✓ Organic compounds that are essential for normal growth and nutrition.
• Metabolism -✓✓ The chemical processes that occur within a living organism to
maintain life.
• Fat soluble vitamins -✓✓ Vitamins that dissolve in fats and oils, including vitamins A,
D, E, and K.
• Water soluble vitamins -✓✓ Vitamins that dissolve in water, including vitamin C and
the B vitamins.
• Minerals -✓✓ Inorganic elements that are essential for various bodily functions.
, • EAR -✓✓ Estimated Average Requirement; the average daily nutrient intake level
estimated to meet the needs of half the healthy individuals.
• RDA -✓✓ Recommended Dietary Allowance; the daily dietary intake level sufficient to
meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97-98%) healthy individuals.
• AI -✓✓ Adequate Intake; a recommended intake level based on observed or
experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake by a group of healthy people.
• UL -✓✓ Tolerable Upper Intake Level; the maximum daily intake unlikely to cause
adverse health effects.
• AMDR -✓✓ Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range; the range of intake for each
macronutrient that is associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases.
• EER -✓✓ Estimated Energy Requirement; the average dietary energy intake that is
predicted to maintain energy balance in a healthy adult.
• Prevalence -✓✓ The proportion of a population found to have a condition at a specific
time.
• Incidence -✓✓ The number of new cases of a disease in a specific population during a
specific time period.
• Theory -✓✓ A well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world.
• Epidemiologic studies -✓✓ Research studies that investigate the distribution and
determinants of health-related states in specified populations.
• Observational studies -✓✓ Studies where the researcher observes the effect of a risk
factor without manipulating the study environment.
• Case control studies -✓✓ Studies that compare patients who have a disease or
outcome of interest with healthy participants.
• Clinical trials -✓✓ Research studies that test how well new medical approaches work
in people.
• Placebo -✓✓ A substance with no therapeutic effect used as a control in testing new
drugs.
• Conflict of interest -✓✓ A situation in which a person or organization has multiple
interests, financial or otherwise, that could potentially corrupt their motivation.
ACTUAL TEST BANK WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
• Nutrition -✓✓ A science that studies food and health.
• Scurvy -✓✓ A deficiency of Vitamin C.
• Chronic disease -✓✓ A long-lasting condition that can be controlled but not cured.
• Wellness -✓✓ A state of being in good health, especially as an actively pursued goal.
• Nutrients -✓✓ Substances that provide nourishment essential for growth and the
maintenance of life.
• Organic -✓✓ Containing carbon; relating to or derived from living matter.
• Inorganic -✓✓ Not consisting of or deriving from living matter.
• Macronutrient -✓✓ A type of nutrient required in large amounts for energy and growth.
• Carbohydrates -✓✓ Organic compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen,
typically providing energy.
• Fats -✓✓ A type of nutrient that provides energy and supports cell growth.
• Proteins -✓✓ Large molecules made up of amino acids that are essential for the
structure and function of cells.
• Micronutrients -✓✓ Nutrients required by the body in smaller amounts, including
vitamins and minerals.
• Vitamins -✓✓ Organic compounds that are essential for normal growth and nutrition.
• Metabolism -✓✓ The chemical processes that occur within a living organism to
maintain life.
• Fat soluble vitamins -✓✓ Vitamins that dissolve in fats and oils, including vitamins A,
D, E, and K.
• Water soluble vitamins -✓✓ Vitamins that dissolve in water, including vitamin C and
the B vitamins.
• Minerals -✓✓ Inorganic elements that are essential for various bodily functions.
, • EAR -✓✓ Estimated Average Requirement; the average daily nutrient intake level
estimated to meet the needs of half the healthy individuals.
• RDA -✓✓ Recommended Dietary Allowance; the daily dietary intake level sufficient to
meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97-98%) healthy individuals.
• AI -✓✓ Adequate Intake; a recommended intake level based on observed or
experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake by a group of healthy people.
• UL -✓✓ Tolerable Upper Intake Level; the maximum daily intake unlikely to cause
adverse health effects.
• AMDR -✓✓ Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range; the range of intake for each
macronutrient that is associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases.
• EER -✓✓ Estimated Energy Requirement; the average dietary energy intake that is
predicted to maintain energy balance in a healthy adult.
• Prevalence -✓✓ The proportion of a population found to have a condition at a specific
time.
• Incidence -✓✓ The number of new cases of a disease in a specific population during a
specific time period.
• Theory -✓✓ A well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world.
• Epidemiologic studies -✓✓ Research studies that investigate the distribution and
determinants of health-related states in specified populations.
• Observational studies -✓✓ Studies where the researcher observes the effect of a risk
factor without manipulating the study environment.
• Case control studies -✓✓ Studies that compare patients who have a disease or
outcome of interest with healthy participants.
• Clinical trials -✓✓ Research studies that test how well new medical approaches work
in people.
• Placebo -✓✓ A substance with no therapeutic effect used as a control in testing new
drugs.
• Conflict of interest -✓✓ A situation in which a person or organization has multiple
interests, financial or otherwise, that could potentially corrupt their motivation.
