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What is the primary purpose of health promotion?
A. To treat diseases after diagnosis
B. To increase dependence on medications
C. To improve overall well-being and prevent disease
D. To eliminate all health risks
Answer: C. To improve overall well-being and prevent disease
Rationale: Health promotion focuses on enabling individuals to improve
their physical, mental, emotional, and social well-being. Rather than
waiting until illness develops, health promotion emphasizes prevention
through healthy lifestyle choices, education, and environmental
improvements. While treatment is important, preventing disease and
enhancing quality of life remain the primary goals of health promotion.
Which component of physical fitness refers to the ability of the heart
and lungs to supply oxygen during sustained physical activity?
A. Muscular strength
,B. Flexibility
C. Body composition
D. Cardiorespiratory endurance
Answer: D. Cardiorespiratory endurance
Rationale: Cardiorespiratory endurance measures how efficiently the
cardiovascular and respiratory systems deliver oxygen to working muscles
during prolonged exercise. Activities such as running, swimming, cycling,
and brisk walking improve this fitness component and reduce the risk of
cardiovascular disease.
Which nutrient provides the body's primary source of energy?
A. Protein
B. Fat
C. Carbohydrates
D. Vitamins
Answer: C. Carbohydrates
Rationale: Carbohydrates are the body's preferred energy source,
especially during moderate to high-intensity physical activity. They are
broken down into glucose, which fuels the brain, muscles, and other
organs. While fats and proteins also provide energy, carbohydrates are the
most efficient and readily available fuel.
Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated using which two measurements?
A. Waist circumference and age
,B. Blood pressure and height
C. Height and weight
D. Weight and heart rate
Answer: C. Height and weight
Rationale: BMI is calculated by dividing weight by height squared. It
provides a general estimate of body fat and helps classify individuals into
underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese categories. Although
useful for population screening, BMI does not distinguish between muscle
and fat mass.
Which type of exercise primarily improves muscular strength?
A. Walking
B. Jogging
C. Resistance training
D. Stretching
Answer: C. Resistance training
Rationale: Resistance training involves working muscles against
resistance such as weights, resistance bands, or body weight. It increases
muscle strength, bone density, metabolism, and functional ability while
reducing the risk of injury and age-related muscle loss.
Which vitamin is primarily produced when skin is exposed to sunlight?
A. Vitamin A
, B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin E
D. Vitamin D
Answer: D. Vitamin D
Rationale: Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin following exposure to
ultraviolet B (UVB) rays from sunlight. It is essential for calcium
absorption, bone health, immune function, and muscle performance.
Dietary sources and supplements may be necessary when sunlight
exposure is insufficient.
The FITT principle stands for Frequency, Intensity, Time, and what?
A. Tension
B. Target
C. Training
D. Type
Answer: D. Type
Rationale: The FITT principle guides exercise program development by
specifying how often exercise occurs (Frequency), how hard one exercises
(Intensity), how long each session lasts (Time), and what activity is
performed (Type). Applying all four components helps achieve fitness
goals safely.
Which health behavior is most effective in reducing the risk of chronic
disease?