HONORS BIOLOGY COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Vascular - ✔✔Containing plant tissue through which water and food move.
✔✔Xylem - ✔✔Transports water
✔✔Phloem - ✔✔Transports food
✔✔Gymnosperms - ✔✔seed plant that bears its seeds directly on the surfaces of cones
✔✔Angiosperms - ✔✔A flowering plant which forms seeds inside a protective chamber
called an ovary.
✔✔Monocots - ✔✔Flowering plant that has parallel veins and 3 flowers per branch
✔✔Dicots - ✔✔Flowering plant that has branched veins and 4-5 flowers per branch
✔✔Chordata - ✔✔Backbones
✔✔Echinormata - ✔✔Organisms with no head/brain (Starfish)
✔✔Mollusca - ✔✔Soft-bodied organisms (Clams, Snails, and Octopus)
✔✔Porifera - ✔✔Filter feeders (Sponge)
✔✔Cnidaria - ✔✔Mostly marine animals that can sting for defense (Hydra, Jellyfish, and
Sea Anenime)
✔✔Restriction Enzyme - ✔✔Enzyme that cuts DNA at a sequence of nucleotides
✔✔Alleles - ✔✔Different forms of a gene
, ✔✔ Mitosis - ✔✔part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides
✔✔Meiosis - ✔✔Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing
organisms
✔✔Cytokinesis - ✔✔Division of the cytoplasm during cell division
✔✔Chromatin - ✔✔Substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA
tightly coiled around histones
✔✔Chromatid - ✔✔One half of a duplicated chromosome
✔✔Chromosome - ✔✔Any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus that contain
the genetic material.
✔✔Centromere - ✔✔Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
✔✔Homologous chromosome - ✔✔Chromosomes that have the same sequence of
genes and the same structure
✔✔Somatic Cells - ✔✔Any cells in the body other than reproductive cells
✔✔Sex Cells - ✔✔Sperm and egg cells
✔✔Autosomes - ✔✔Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
✔✔Sex chromosomes - ✔✔X and Y chromosomes
✔✔How many total chromosomes do you have? - ✔✔46
✔✔How many sets of chromosomes do you have? - ✔✔23
✔✔How many autosomes? - ✔✔44 (22 pairs)
✔✔How many sex chromosomes? - ✔✔1 pair
✔✔Haploid - ✔✔having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
✔✔Diploid - ✔✔(genetics) an organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice
the haploid number
✔✔Interphase - ✔✔Consists of G1, S, and G2
AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Vascular - ✔✔Containing plant tissue through which water and food move.
✔✔Xylem - ✔✔Transports water
✔✔Phloem - ✔✔Transports food
✔✔Gymnosperms - ✔✔seed plant that bears its seeds directly on the surfaces of cones
✔✔Angiosperms - ✔✔A flowering plant which forms seeds inside a protective chamber
called an ovary.
✔✔Monocots - ✔✔Flowering plant that has parallel veins and 3 flowers per branch
✔✔Dicots - ✔✔Flowering plant that has branched veins and 4-5 flowers per branch
✔✔Chordata - ✔✔Backbones
✔✔Echinormata - ✔✔Organisms with no head/brain (Starfish)
✔✔Mollusca - ✔✔Soft-bodied organisms (Clams, Snails, and Octopus)
✔✔Porifera - ✔✔Filter feeders (Sponge)
✔✔Cnidaria - ✔✔Mostly marine animals that can sting for defense (Hydra, Jellyfish, and
Sea Anenime)
✔✔Restriction Enzyme - ✔✔Enzyme that cuts DNA at a sequence of nucleotides
✔✔Alleles - ✔✔Different forms of a gene
, ✔✔ Mitosis - ✔✔part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides
✔✔Meiosis - ✔✔Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing
organisms
✔✔Cytokinesis - ✔✔Division of the cytoplasm during cell division
✔✔Chromatin - ✔✔Substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA
tightly coiled around histones
✔✔Chromatid - ✔✔One half of a duplicated chromosome
✔✔Chromosome - ✔✔Any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus that contain
the genetic material.
✔✔Centromere - ✔✔Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
✔✔Homologous chromosome - ✔✔Chromosomes that have the same sequence of
genes and the same structure
✔✔Somatic Cells - ✔✔Any cells in the body other than reproductive cells
✔✔Sex Cells - ✔✔Sperm and egg cells
✔✔Autosomes - ✔✔Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
✔✔Sex chromosomes - ✔✔X and Y chromosomes
✔✔How many total chromosomes do you have? - ✔✔46
✔✔How many sets of chromosomes do you have? - ✔✔23
✔✔How many autosomes? - ✔✔44 (22 pairs)
✔✔How many sex chromosomes? - ✔✔1 pair
✔✔Haploid - ✔✔having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
✔✔Diploid - ✔✔(genetics) an organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice
the haploid number
✔✔Interphase - ✔✔Consists of G1, S, and G2
