Exam 1- BIO 201 ASU Professor
Sniegowski-Study Guide Questions
with Actual Detailed Answers.
Characterizes of Life - Answer If it can exhibit: reproduction, development, evolution,
maintaining homeostasis, and development.
Physiological Variation - Answer Categories such as sex, age, diet, weight, physical activity,
genetics or environment.
Homeostasis - Answer The ability to detect change, and activate mechanisms that oppose it,
and thereby maintain relatively stable internal conditions.
negative feedback - Answer Allows for dynamic equilibrium within a limited range around a
set point
positive feedback - Answer Is a self-amplifying cycle that leads to greater change in the same
direction, the loop is repeated. "Change produces more change".
Gradient - Answer A difference in chemical concentration, charge, temperature, or pressure
between two points.
Moving in the opposite direction is "________________" and requires spending metabolic
energy. - Answer Up the gradient.
The 9 systems of the human body are: - Answer The skeletal system, endocrine system,
digestive system, nervous system, lymphatic system, cardiovascular system, integumentary
system, muscular system, and urinary system.
Integumentary system - Answer The largest organ of the body that forms a physical barrier
between external and internal environment. (Think of the skin)
Skeletal system - Answer The body's framework consists of bones and connective tissue.(Think
of bones)
Muscular System - Answer Composed of muscle fibers, responsible for movement.
,lymphatic system - Answer Part of the immune system, a subdivision of the circulatory system.
(Think of lymph nodes)
respiratory system - Answer Airways, lungs,and bloodvessels.Breathing
digestive system - Answer Gastrointestinal tract and the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder. Turns
food into nutrients.
nervous system - Answer Coordinates actions and sensory information.
peripheral nervous system - Answer Nerves that branch off of the spinal cord.
central nervous system - Answer Brain and spinal cord.
endocrine system - Answer Network of glands and organs that serves as a messenger system
that uses hormones to control your body processes.
cardiovascular system - Answer Heart and blood vessels, supplies your body with oxygen and
nutrients.
urinary system - Answer Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra; filters blood and creates
urine as a waste by-product.
reproductive system - Answer Tissues and glands that are responsible for producing offspring.
Minerals - Answer Inorganic elements extracted from soil by plants and passed up food chain
to humans.
Minerals are important for "______________" and "_______________". - Answer Enzyme
function; body structure.
Electrolytes - Answer Mineral salts needed for nerve and muscle function.
Electrolytes are "___________" in solution - Answer Ions
Colloids - Answer In the body, are often mixtures of protein and water.
, "___________" is the kinetic energy of molecular motion - Answer Heat
Kinetic energy - Answer Energy of motion; doing work.
Electromagnetic energy - Answer Kinetic energy of moving packets of radiation AKA photons.
Reaction rates increase when: - Answer - concentration of reactants increases
-temp rises
-a catalyst is present
Carbohydrates - Answer Hydrophilic organic molecules.
Monosaccharides - Answer Monomers; simplest carbohydrates. EX: Fructose, galactose,
glucose
Disaccharides - Answer Sugars made up of two covalently bonded monosaccharides. EX:
Maltose, sucrose, lactose
Oligosaccharides - Answer Short chains of three or more monosaccharides (at least 10).
Polysaccharides - Answer Long chains of monosaccharides (at least 50).
"_____________________" are oxidized to make ATP - Answer Carbohydrates.
Digested carbohydrates are converted into "____________". - Answer Glucose
"______________" are a major component of mucus. - Answer Glycoproteins.
Proteoglycans - Answer -More carbohydrate than protein.
-Gels that hold cells and tissue together.
-They fill the umbilical and eye and act as joint lubrication.
Lipids - Answer Hydrophobic organic molecules with a high ratio of hydrogen to oxygen.
Fatty acids - Answer Chains of 4-24 carbon atoms with a carboxyl group on one end and
methyl group on the other.
Sniegowski-Study Guide Questions
with Actual Detailed Answers.
Characterizes of Life - Answer If it can exhibit: reproduction, development, evolution,
maintaining homeostasis, and development.
Physiological Variation - Answer Categories such as sex, age, diet, weight, physical activity,
genetics or environment.
Homeostasis - Answer The ability to detect change, and activate mechanisms that oppose it,
and thereby maintain relatively stable internal conditions.
negative feedback - Answer Allows for dynamic equilibrium within a limited range around a
set point
positive feedback - Answer Is a self-amplifying cycle that leads to greater change in the same
direction, the loop is repeated. "Change produces more change".
Gradient - Answer A difference in chemical concentration, charge, temperature, or pressure
between two points.
Moving in the opposite direction is "________________" and requires spending metabolic
energy. - Answer Up the gradient.
The 9 systems of the human body are: - Answer The skeletal system, endocrine system,
digestive system, nervous system, lymphatic system, cardiovascular system, integumentary
system, muscular system, and urinary system.
Integumentary system - Answer The largest organ of the body that forms a physical barrier
between external and internal environment. (Think of the skin)
Skeletal system - Answer The body's framework consists of bones and connective tissue.(Think
of bones)
Muscular System - Answer Composed of muscle fibers, responsible for movement.
,lymphatic system - Answer Part of the immune system, a subdivision of the circulatory system.
(Think of lymph nodes)
respiratory system - Answer Airways, lungs,and bloodvessels.Breathing
digestive system - Answer Gastrointestinal tract and the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder. Turns
food into nutrients.
nervous system - Answer Coordinates actions and sensory information.
peripheral nervous system - Answer Nerves that branch off of the spinal cord.
central nervous system - Answer Brain and spinal cord.
endocrine system - Answer Network of glands and organs that serves as a messenger system
that uses hormones to control your body processes.
cardiovascular system - Answer Heart and blood vessels, supplies your body with oxygen and
nutrients.
urinary system - Answer Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra; filters blood and creates
urine as a waste by-product.
reproductive system - Answer Tissues and glands that are responsible for producing offspring.
Minerals - Answer Inorganic elements extracted from soil by plants and passed up food chain
to humans.
Minerals are important for "______________" and "_______________". - Answer Enzyme
function; body structure.
Electrolytes - Answer Mineral salts needed for nerve and muscle function.
Electrolytes are "___________" in solution - Answer Ions
Colloids - Answer In the body, are often mixtures of protein and water.
, "___________" is the kinetic energy of molecular motion - Answer Heat
Kinetic energy - Answer Energy of motion; doing work.
Electromagnetic energy - Answer Kinetic energy of moving packets of radiation AKA photons.
Reaction rates increase when: - Answer - concentration of reactants increases
-temp rises
-a catalyst is present
Carbohydrates - Answer Hydrophilic organic molecules.
Monosaccharides - Answer Monomers; simplest carbohydrates. EX: Fructose, galactose,
glucose
Disaccharides - Answer Sugars made up of two covalently bonded monosaccharides. EX:
Maltose, sucrose, lactose
Oligosaccharides - Answer Short chains of three or more monosaccharides (at least 10).
Polysaccharides - Answer Long chains of monosaccharides (at least 50).
"_____________________" are oxidized to make ATP - Answer Carbohydrates.
Digested carbohydrates are converted into "____________". - Answer Glucose
"______________" are a major component of mucus. - Answer Glycoproteins.
Proteoglycans - Answer -More carbohydrate than protein.
-Gels that hold cells and tissue together.
-They fill the umbilical and eye and act as joint lubrication.
Lipids - Answer Hydrophobic organic molecules with a high ratio of hydrogen to oxygen.
Fatty acids - Answer Chains of 4-24 carbon atoms with a carboxyl group on one end and
methyl group on the other.
