ATI PN Fundamentals Proctored Exam 2023 – NGN-
Style Questions & Case Scenarios
200 Verified Questions with Answers & Detailed Rationales
SECTION 1: SAFETY & INFECTION CONTROL (Questions
1-35)
Question 1: A client with active tuberculosis is admitted to the unit. Which type of
precautions should the nurse initiate?
A) Contact precautions
B) Droplet precautions
C) Airborne precautions
D) Standard precautions
Answer: C) Airborne precautions
Rationale: Tuberculosis (TB) is transmitted via airborne droplet nuclei that remain
suspended in the air. Airborne precautions require a negative-pressure room, an N95
respirator for the nurse, and the client should wear a surgical mask when leaving the
room. Contact and droplet precautions are used for different types of organisms. Standard
precautions alone are insufficient for TB .
Question 2: A nurse is preparing to insert a nasogastric tube. In which position should
the client be placed?
A) Supine with head flat
B) Left lateral recumbent
,C) High Fowler's position with head flexed forward
D) Trendelenburg position
Answer: C) High Fowler's position with head flexed forward
Rationale: High Fowler's position with the head flexed forward (chin to chest) aligns the
esophagus and reduces the risk of aspiration during insertion. This position helps open the
esophagus and facilitates swallowing of the tube. Supine and Trendelenburg positions
increase aspiration risk .
Question 3: A nurse observes an assistive personnel (AP) reprimanding a client for not
using the urinal properly and threatening to put a diaper on the client. Which tort is the
AP committing?
A) Battery
B) Assault
C) False imprisonment
D) Negligence
Answer: B) Assault
Rationale: Assault is the threat of harmful or offensive contact without consent. The AP is
threatening the client with a diaper, which constitutes assault. Battery would involve
actual physical contact. False imprisonment involves restricting movement without
justification. Negligence is a failure to provide reasonable care .
Question 4: A nurse is caring for a client with an indwelling urinary catheter. Which
action is most important to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)?
A) Irrigate the catheter daily with normal saline
B) Empty the drainage bag every shift
C) Secure the catheter to the client's thigh
D) Maintain a closed drainage system
Answer: D) Maintain a closed drainage system
,Rationale: A closed drainage system is the primary defense against bacterial entry into the
bladder. Breaking the closed system significantly increases infection risk. Daily irrigation is
not recommended as it increases infection risk. Emptying the bag is important but not the
most critical intervention. Securing the catheter prevents trauma but does not prevent
infection .
Question 5: A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a wound. Which precautions should the nurse
implement?
A) Standard precautions only
B) Contact precautions
C) Droplet precautions
D) Airborne precautions
Answer: B) Contact precautions
Rationale: MRSA is transmitted by direct contact with infected wounds or contaminated
surfaces. Contact precautions require a private room, gloves, and gown for all contact with
the client or environment. Standard precautions alone are insufficient. Droplet and
airborne precautions are not required for MRSA .
Question 6: A nurse is preparing to administer a tuberculin skin test (PPD). Which action
is correct?
A) Use a 22-gauge needle
B) Inject the solution intradermally to form a bleb
C) Massage the site after injection
D) Clean the site with alcohol after injection
Answer: B) Inject the solution intradermally to form a bleb
Rationale: A PPD test is administered intradermally (between the layers of skin) using a
25-27 gauge needle. A small wheal or bleb (6-10 mm) should appear. The site should not
be massaged, and alcohol should be used to clean the site before (not after) injection .
, Question 7: A nurse observes a colleague preparing to administer a medication without
performing hand hygiene. Which action should the nurse take?
A) Report the colleague to the nurse manager
B) Remind the colleague to perform hand hygiene
C) Ignore the situation to avoid conflict
D) Document the observation in the colleague's file
Answer: B) Remind the colleague to perform hand hygiene
Rationale: The nurse has a professional responsibility to address unsafe practices directly
with the colleague. Reminding the colleague to perform hand hygiene is the appropriate
first step. Reporting to the manager would be appropriate if the behavior continues.
Ignoring the situation compromises patient safety .
Question 8: A client is prescribed contact precautions. Which item should the nurse
ensure is available in the client's room?
A) N95 respirator mask
B) Gown and gloves
C) Surgical mask
D) Eye protection
Answer: B) Gown and gloves
Rationale: Contact precautions require the use of gown and gloves for all contact with the
client or the client's environment. N95 respirators are for airborne precautions. Surgical
masks are for droplet precautions. Eye protection is used when there is risk of splashing .
Question 9: A nurse is assisting with a sterile procedure. The nurse notes that the sterile
field has become contaminated. Which action should the nurse take?
A) Continue the procedure since the contamination is minor
B) Cover the contaminated area with a sterile drape
Style Questions & Case Scenarios
200 Verified Questions with Answers & Detailed Rationales
SECTION 1: SAFETY & INFECTION CONTROL (Questions
1-35)
Question 1: A client with active tuberculosis is admitted to the unit. Which type of
precautions should the nurse initiate?
A) Contact precautions
B) Droplet precautions
C) Airborne precautions
D) Standard precautions
Answer: C) Airborne precautions
Rationale: Tuberculosis (TB) is transmitted via airborne droplet nuclei that remain
suspended in the air. Airborne precautions require a negative-pressure room, an N95
respirator for the nurse, and the client should wear a surgical mask when leaving the
room. Contact and droplet precautions are used for different types of organisms. Standard
precautions alone are insufficient for TB .
Question 2: A nurse is preparing to insert a nasogastric tube. In which position should
the client be placed?
A) Supine with head flat
B) Left lateral recumbent
,C) High Fowler's position with head flexed forward
D) Trendelenburg position
Answer: C) High Fowler's position with head flexed forward
Rationale: High Fowler's position with the head flexed forward (chin to chest) aligns the
esophagus and reduces the risk of aspiration during insertion. This position helps open the
esophagus and facilitates swallowing of the tube. Supine and Trendelenburg positions
increase aspiration risk .
Question 3: A nurse observes an assistive personnel (AP) reprimanding a client for not
using the urinal properly and threatening to put a diaper on the client. Which tort is the
AP committing?
A) Battery
B) Assault
C) False imprisonment
D) Negligence
Answer: B) Assault
Rationale: Assault is the threat of harmful or offensive contact without consent. The AP is
threatening the client with a diaper, which constitutes assault. Battery would involve
actual physical contact. False imprisonment involves restricting movement without
justification. Negligence is a failure to provide reasonable care .
Question 4: A nurse is caring for a client with an indwelling urinary catheter. Which
action is most important to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)?
A) Irrigate the catheter daily with normal saline
B) Empty the drainage bag every shift
C) Secure the catheter to the client's thigh
D) Maintain a closed drainage system
Answer: D) Maintain a closed drainage system
,Rationale: A closed drainage system is the primary defense against bacterial entry into the
bladder. Breaking the closed system significantly increases infection risk. Daily irrigation is
not recommended as it increases infection risk. Emptying the bag is important but not the
most critical intervention. Securing the catheter prevents trauma but does not prevent
infection .
Question 5: A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a wound. Which precautions should the nurse
implement?
A) Standard precautions only
B) Contact precautions
C) Droplet precautions
D) Airborne precautions
Answer: B) Contact precautions
Rationale: MRSA is transmitted by direct contact with infected wounds or contaminated
surfaces. Contact precautions require a private room, gloves, and gown for all contact with
the client or environment. Standard precautions alone are insufficient. Droplet and
airborne precautions are not required for MRSA .
Question 6: A nurse is preparing to administer a tuberculin skin test (PPD). Which action
is correct?
A) Use a 22-gauge needle
B) Inject the solution intradermally to form a bleb
C) Massage the site after injection
D) Clean the site with alcohol after injection
Answer: B) Inject the solution intradermally to form a bleb
Rationale: A PPD test is administered intradermally (between the layers of skin) using a
25-27 gauge needle. A small wheal or bleb (6-10 mm) should appear. The site should not
be massaged, and alcohol should be used to clean the site before (not after) injection .
, Question 7: A nurse observes a colleague preparing to administer a medication without
performing hand hygiene. Which action should the nurse take?
A) Report the colleague to the nurse manager
B) Remind the colleague to perform hand hygiene
C) Ignore the situation to avoid conflict
D) Document the observation in the colleague's file
Answer: B) Remind the colleague to perform hand hygiene
Rationale: The nurse has a professional responsibility to address unsafe practices directly
with the colleague. Reminding the colleague to perform hand hygiene is the appropriate
first step. Reporting to the manager would be appropriate if the behavior continues.
Ignoring the situation compromises patient safety .
Question 8: A client is prescribed contact precautions. Which item should the nurse
ensure is available in the client's room?
A) N95 respirator mask
B) Gown and gloves
C) Surgical mask
D) Eye protection
Answer: B) Gown and gloves
Rationale: Contact precautions require the use of gown and gloves for all contact with the
client or the client's environment. N95 respirators are for airborne precautions. Surgical
masks are for droplet precautions. Eye protection is used when there is risk of splashing .
Question 9: A nurse is assisting with a sterile procedure. The nurse notes that the sterile
field has become contaminated. Which action should the nurse take?
A) Continue the procedure since the contamination is minor
B) Cover the contaminated area with a sterile drape
