ATI PN Fundamentals Proctored Exam 2025 – NGN-
Style Questions & Case Scenarios
250 Verified Questions with Answers & Detailed Rationales
Question 1: A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for
a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). Which statement by the client indicates an understanding
of the teaching?
A) "I will shake the inhaler before each use."
B) "I will hold my breath for 5 seconds after inhaling."
C) "I will inhale through my nose when using the inhaler."
D) "I will store the inhaler in the refrigerator."
Answer: A) "I will shake the inhaler before each use."
Rationale: MDIs should be shaken well before each use to mix the medication properly.
The client should hold their breath for 10 seconds (not 5) after inhaling to allow
medication to deposit. Inhalation should be through the mouth, not the nose. Inhalers
should be stored at room temperature, not refrigerated .
Question 2: A nurse is preparing to administer an enema to a client. The client reports
abdominal cramping during the procedure. Which action should the nurse take?
A) Stop the enema and remove the tubing
B) Lower the enema bag to slow the flow
C) Insert the tubing further to advance the solution
D) Tell the client that cramping is normal and continue
Answer: B) Lower the enema bag to slow the flow
Rationale: Cramping during an enema often indicates that the solution is flowing too
quickly. Lowering the bag slows the flow and reduces cramping. Stopping the enema is
premature unless severe. Inserting the tubing further may cause injury. Continuing without
intervention is not appropriate .
,Question 3: A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who has active pulmonary
tuberculosis. Which type of isolation precaution should the nurse initiate?
A) Standard precautions
B) Contact precautions
C) Droplet precautions
D) Airborne precautions
Answer: D) Airborne precautions
Rationale: Tuberculosis is transmitted via airborne droplet nuclei that remain suspended in
the air. Airborne precautions require a negative-pressure room, an N95 respirator, and a
closed door. Contact and droplet precautions are not sufficient for TB .
Question 4: A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which
finding should the nurse report to the provider as an indication of a catheter-associated
infection?
A) Urine is clear and yellow
B) Catheter tubing is positioned below the bladder
C) Client reports suprapubic pain
D) Urinary output is 30 mL/hour
Answer: C) Client reports suprapubic pain
Rationale: Suprapubic pain may indicate a catheter-associated urinary tract infection
(CAUTI) and should be reported. Clear yellow urine, tubing positioned below the bladder
(correct placement), and output of 30 mL/hour (normal) are not indicative of infection .
Question 5: A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new colostomy.
Which dietary recommendation should the nurse include?
A) Increase intake of gas-forming foods
B) Avoid drinking carbonated beverages
,C) Eat large meals three times daily
D) Avoid high-fiber foods
Answer: B) Avoid drinking carbonated beverages
Rationale: Carbonated beverages increase gas production and should be avoided. Gas-
forming foods should be avoided initially. Small, frequent meals are recommended. High-
fiber foods should be introduced gradually .
Question 6: A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving oxygen via nasal cannula at 2
L/min. Which action is most important to ensure safety?
A) Apply petroleum jelly to the client's nares
B) Check the oxygen saturation hourly
C) Keep the oxygen tank upright and secure
D) Place a "No Smoking" sign on the door
Answer: D) Place a "No Smoking" sign on the door
Rationale: Oxygen is flammable and requires fire safety precautions. A "No Smoking" sign
is essential to prevent fire hazards. Petroleum jelly should not be used with oxygen as it is
flammable. Checking saturation and securing the tank are important but not the primary
safety measure .
Question 7: A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has a chest tube. Which
finding requires immediate provider notification?
A) Bubbling in the suction control chamber
B) Gentle continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber
C) Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber
D) 50 mL of drainage in the collection chamber
Answer: C) Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber
Rationale: Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber indicates an air leak and
requires immediate notification. Gentle bubbling in the suction control chamber is
, expected. Intermittent bubbling in the water seal chamber may be normal. 50 mL of
drainage is within normal limits .
Question 8: A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for
insulin. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
A) "I will rotate my injection sites."
B) "I will keep my insulin in the refrigerator."
C) "I will draw up the cloudy insulin first."
D) "I will check my blood glucose before each dose."
Answer: C) "I will draw up the cloudy insulin first."
Rationale: When mixing insulins, clear insulin (regular) should be drawn up first, followed
by cloudy insulin (NPH) to prevent contamination. The other statements are correct:
rotating sites prevents lipohypertrophy, insulin is stored in the refrigerator, and checking
blood glucose is essential .
Question 9: A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing urinary incontinence.
Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
A) Provide the client with adult diapers
B) Perform a bladder scan to assess for retention
C) Recommend a scheduled toileting plan
D) Insert an indwelling urinary catheter
Answer: B) Perform a bladder scan to assess for retention
Rationale: A bladder scan should be performed first to rule out urinary retention before
implementing other interventions. Providing diapers and scheduled toileting are important
but should follow assessment. Catheterization is not the first-line intervention .
Style Questions & Case Scenarios
250 Verified Questions with Answers & Detailed Rationales
Question 1: A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for
a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). Which statement by the client indicates an understanding
of the teaching?
A) "I will shake the inhaler before each use."
B) "I will hold my breath for 5 seconds after inhaling."
C) "I will inhale through my nose when using the inhaler."
D) "I will store the inhaler in the refrigerator."
Answer: A) "I will shake the inhaler before each use."
Rationale: MDIs should be shaken well before each use to mix the medication properly.
The client should hold their breath for 10 seconds (not 5) after inhaling to allow
medication to deposit. Inhalation should be through the mouth, not the nose. Inhalers
should be stored at room temperature, not refrigerated .
Question 2: A nurse is preparing to administer an enema to a client. The client reports
abdominal cramping during the procedure. Which action should the nurse take?
A) Stop the enema and remove the tubing
B) Lower the enema bag to slow the flow
C) Insert the tubing further to advance the solution
D) Tell the client that cramping is normal and continue
Answer: B) Lower the enema bag to slow the flow
Rationale: Cramping during an enema often indicates that the solution is flowing too
quickly. Lowering the bag slows the flow and reduces cramping. Stopping the enema is
premature unless severe. Inserting the tubing further may cause injury. Continuing without
intervention is not appropriate .
,Question 3: A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who has active pulmonary
tuberculosis. Which type of isolation precaution should the nurse initiate?
A) Standard precautions
B) Contact precautions
C) Droplet precautions
D) Airborne precautions
Answer: D) Airborne precautions
Rationale: Tuberculosis is transmitted via airborne droplet nuclei that remain suspended in
the air. Airborne precautions require a negative-pressure room, an N95 respirator, and a
closed door. Contact and droplet precautions are not sufficient for TB .
Question 4: A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which
finding should the nurse report to the provider as an indication of a catheter-associated
infection?
A) Urine is clear and yellow
B) Catheter tubing is positioned below the bladder
C) Client reports suprapubic pain
D) Urinary output is 30 mL/hour
Answer: C) Client reports suprapubic pain
Rationale: Suprapubic pain may indicate a catheter-associated urinary tract infection
(CAUTI) and should be reported. Clear yellow urine, tubing positioned below the bladder
(correct placement), and output of 30 mL/hour (normal) are not indicative of infection .
Question 5: A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new colostomy.
Which dietary recommendation should the nurse include?
A) Increase intake of gas-forming foods
B) Avoid drinking carbonated beverages
,C) Eat large meals three times daily
D) Avoid high-fiber foods
Answer: B) Avoid drinking carbonated beverages
Rationale: Carbonated beverages increase gas production and should be avoided. Gas-
forming foods should be avoided initially. Small, frequent meals are recommended. High-
fiber foods should be introduced gradually .
Question 6: A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving oxygen via nasal cannula at 2
L/min. Which action is most important to ensure safety?
A) Apply petroleum jelly to the client's nares
B) Check the oxygen saturation hourly
C) Keep the oxygen tank upright and secure
D) Place a "No Smoking" sign on the door
Answer: D) Place a "No Smoking" sign on the door
Rationale: Oxygen is flammable and requires fire safety precautions. A "No Smoking" sign
is essential to prevent fire hazards. Petroleum jelly should not be used with oxygen as it is
flammable. Checking saturation and securing the tank are important but not the primary
safety measure .
Question 7: A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has a chest tube. Which
finding requires immediate provider notification?
A) Bubbling in the suction control chamber
B) Gentle continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber
C) Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber
D) 50 mL of drainage in the collection chamber
Answer: C) Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber
Rationale: Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber indicates an air leak and
requires immediate notification. Gentle bubbling in the suction control chamber is
, expected. Intermittent bubbling in the water seal chamber may be normal. 50 mL of
drainage is within normal limits .
Question 8: A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for
insulin. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
A) "I will rotate my injection sites."
B) "I will keep my insulin in the refrigerator."
C) "I will draw up the cloudy insulin first."
D) "I will check my blood glucose before each dose."
Answer: C) "I will draw up the cloudy insulin first."
Rationale: When mixing insulins, clear insulin (regular) should be drawn up first, followed
by cloudy insulin (NPH) to prevent contamination. The other statements are correct:
rotating sites prevents lipohypertrophy, insulin is stored in the refrigerator, and checking
blood glucose is essential .
Question 9: A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing urinary incontinence.
Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
A) Provide the client with adult diapers
B) Perform a bladder scan to assess for retention
C) Recommend a scheduled toileting plan
D) Insert an indwelling urinary catheter
Answer: B) Perform a bladder scan to assess for retention
Rationale: A bladder scan should be performed first to rule out urinary retention before
implementing other interventions. Providing diapers and scheduled toileting are important
but should follow assessment. Catheterization is not the first-line intervention .
