ATI NR293 Pharm Final Exam
Review Completed; Graded A /ATI
NR 293 Pharm Final Exam Review
Completed; Graded A
Course
ATI
1. A nurse is preparing to administer lisinopril to a client with hypertension. Which laboratory
value requires the greatest concern?
A. Sodium 140 mEq/L
B. Potassium 5.8 mEq/L
C. Calcium 9.4 mg/dL
D. Chloride 102 mEq/L
✅ Correct Answer: B. Potassium 5.8 mEq/L
Rationale
ACE inhibitors decrease aldosterone secretion, increasing the risk of hyperkalemia. Elevated
potassium before administration increases the risk for life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias.
2. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for in a client taking furosemide?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypermagnesemia
✅ Correct Answer: B. Hypokalemia
Rationale
Loop diuretics promote potassium excretion, increasing the risk for hypokalemia, muscle
weakness, and cardiac arrhythmias.
,3. A client taking digoxin reports nausea and seeing yellow halos around lights. What is the
nurse's priority action?
A. Administer the scheduled dose.
B. Assess the apical pulse and notify the provider.
C. Encourage fluids.
D. Give an antacid.
✅ Correct Answer: B. Assess the apical pulse and notify the provider.
Rationale
Nausea, visual disturbances, and bradycardia are classic signs of digoxin toxicity. The nurse
should assess the pulse, hold the medication if indicated, and notify the provider.
4. Before administering digoxin, the nurse should withhold the medication if the adult apical
pulse is:
A. Above 110 bpm
B. Below 60 bpm
C. Above 90 bpm
D. Below 100 bpm
✅ Correct Answer: B. Below 60 bpm
Rationale
Digoxin slows heart rate. An apical pulse below 60 bpm may indicate excessive cardiac
depression.
5. Which medication requires regular monitoring of the International Normalized Ratio (INR)?
A. Heparin
B. Warfarin
C. Enoxaparin
D. Aspirin
,✅ Correct Answer: B. Warfarin
Rationale
Warfarin therapy is monitored using the INR, with a therapeutic range typically between 2.0 and
3.0 for most indications.
6. A client taking warfarin should avoid excessive intake of foods rich in:
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin B12
✅ Correct Answer: C. Vitamin K
Rationale
Vitamin K promotes clotting factor synthesis and can reduce the effectiveness of warfarin.
7. Which medication is the antidote for warfarin overdose?
A. Protamine sulfate
B. Vitamin K (phytonadione)
C. Naloxone
D. Flumazenil
✅ Correct Answer: B. Vitamin K (phytonadione)
Rationale
Vitamin K reverses the anticoagulant effects of warfarin by restoring clotting factor production.
8. Protamine sulfate reverses the effects of:
A. Aspirin
B. Warfarin
, C. Heparin
D. Clopidogrel
✅ Correct Answer: C. Heparin
Rationale
Protamine sulfate binds and neutralizes unfractionated heparin.
9. Which laboratory value is monitored during continuous unfractionated heparin therapy?
A. INR
B. PT
C. aPTT
D. Hemoglobin A1C
✅ Correct Answer: C. aPTT
Rationale
Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is used to evaluate therapeutic anticoagulation
with unfractionated heparin.
10. Which medication is classified as a beta-adrenergic blocker?
A. Amlodipine
B. Metoprolol
C. Lisinopril
D. Losartan
✅ Correct Answer: B. Metoprolol
Rationale
Metoprolol selectively blocks beta-1 receptors, reducing heart rate, blood pressure, and
myocardial oxygen demand.
Review Completed; Graded A /ATI
NR 293 Pharm Final Exam Review
Completed; Graded A
Course
ATI
1. A nurse is preparing to administer lisinopril to a client with hypertension. Which laboratory
value requires the greatest concern?
A. Sodium 140 mEq/L
B. Potassium 5.8 mEq/L
C. Calcium 9.4 mg/dL
D. Chloride 102 mEq/L
✅ Correct Answer: B. Potassium 5.8 mEq/L
Rationale
ACE inhibitors decrease aldosterone secretion, increasing the risk of hyperkalemia. Elevated
potassium before administration increases the risk for life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias.
2. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for in a client taking furosemide?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypermagnesemia
✅ Correct Answer: B. Hypokalemia
Rationale
Loop diuretics promote potassium excretion, increasing the risk for hypokalemia, muscle
weakness, and cardiac arrhythmias.
,3. A client taking digoxin reports nausea and seeing yellow halos around lights. What is the
nurse's priority action?
A. Administer the scheduled dose.
B. Assess the apical pulse and notify the provider.
C. Encourage fluids.
D. Give an antacid.
✅ Correct Answer: B. Assess the apical pulse and notify the provider.
Rationale
Nausea, visual disturbances, and bradycardia are classic signs of digoxin toxicity. The nurse
should assess the pulse, hold the medication if indicated, and notify the provider.
4. Before administering digoxin, the nurse should withhold the medication if the adult apical
pulse is:
A. Above 110 bpm
B. Below 60 bpm
C. Above 90 bpm
D. Below 100 bpm
✅ Correct Answer: B. Below 60 bpm
Rationale
Digoxin slows heart rate. An apical pulse below 60 bpm may indicate excessive cardiac
depression.
5. Which medication requires regular monitoring of the International Normalized Ratio (INR)?
A. Heparin
B. Warfarin
C. Enoxaparin
D. Aspirin
,✅ Correct Answer: B. Warfarin
Rationale
Warfarin therapy is monitored using the INR, with a therapeutic range typically between 2.0 and
3.0 for most indications.
6. A client taking warfarin should avoid excessive intake of foods rich in:
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin B12
✅ Correct Answer: C. Vitamin K
Rationale
Vitamin K promotes clotting factor synthesis and can reduce the effectiveness of warfarin.
7. Which medication is the antidote for warfarin overdose?
A. Protamine sulfate
B. Vitamin K (phytonadione)
C. Naloxone
D. Flumazenil
✅ Correct Answer: B. Vitamin K (phytonadione)
Rationale
Vitamin K reverses the anticoagulant effects of warfarin by restoring clotting factor production.
8. Protamine sulfate reverses the effects of:
A. Aspirin
B. Warfarin
, C. Heparin
D. Clopidogrel
✅ Correct Answer: C. Heparin
Rationale
Protamine sulfate binds and neutralizes unfractionated heparin.
9. Which laboratory value is monitored during continuous unfractionated heparin therapy?
A. INR
B. PT
C. aPTT
D. Hemoglobin A1C
✅ Correct Answer: C. aPTT
Rationale
Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is used to evaluate therapeutic anticoagulation
with unfractionated heparin.
10. Which medication is classified as a beta-adrenergic blocker?
A. Amlodipine
B. Metoprolol
C. Lisinopril
D. Losartan
✅ Correct Answer: B. Metoprolol
Rationale
Metoprolol selectively blocks beta-1 receptors, reducing heart rate, blood pressure, and
myocardial oxygen demand.
