NSG 318 EXAM 3 2026 STUDY GUIDE REVISION
SHEET CORE CONCEPT BREAKDOWN
◉ R sided heart failure.
Answer: blood backs up in periphery
-peripheral edema & weight gain
◉ L sided heart failure.
Answer: blood backs up into lungs
-pulmonary edema, shortness of breath, dyspnea, cough
◉ cardiomegaly is common with.
Answer: heart failure
◉ heart failure nonpharmacologic tx.
Answer: -limit salt and saturated fat intake (limit to 2g/1tsp/day)
-limit/avoid alcohol intake (avoid/1 drink/day)
-stop smoking
-perform mild exercise
-fluid intake (may be dec)
,◉ Digoxin class.
Answer: cardiac glycoside
◉ digoxin use.
Answer: HF, a-fib (oral/IV admin)
◉ digoxin action.
Answer: inhibits Na/K+ ATPase; inc cardiac contractility, CO and
tissue perfusion
◉ digoxin side effects/adverse effects.
Answer: hypokalemia, blurred/yellow vision, green/yellow halos w
toxicity
◉ Digoxin contraindications.
Answer: V-fib, hypokalemia
caution w/ acute MI, AV block, HTN, older adults
◉ digoxin drug interactions.
Answer: -Diuretics and cortisone: inc risk for toxicity (diuretics may
cause hypokalemia)
-Antacids: dec digoxin absorption
,◉ digoxin CAM interactions.
Answer: -Ginseng: inc digitalis levels
-St. John's wort and psyllium: dec absorption
-Hawthorn: inc effects
-Licorice, aloe, ephedra: inc risk of toxicity
◉ digoxin interventions.
Answer: -assess apical pulse before administering; DON'T
ADMINISTER IF HR <60bpm
-advise client to eat foods high in K+
◉ Antidote for digoxin toxicity.
Answer: digoxin immune FAB
◉ digoxin therapeutic serum level.
Answer: 0.5-1ng/mL
◉ digoxin effects on heart muscle.
Answer: -inc. myocardial contractility and CO
-dec. HR and conduction
, ◉ angina.
Answer: acute cardiac pain caused by inadequate blood flow to
myocardium
◉ antianginal drugs.
Answer: -nitrates
-beta blockers
-Ca channel blockers
◉ nitroglycerin class.
Answer: antianginal (Nitrate)
◉ nitroglycerin uses.
Answer: control angina, acute MI and HF
◉ nitroglycerin action.
Answer: dec myocardial demand for O2 consumption (vasodilator)
◉ Nitroglycerin Contraindications.
Answer: inc intracranial pressure; heat and light dec potency of
drug. keep in dark bottle
SHEET CORE CONCEPT BREAKDOWN
◉ R sided heart failure.
Answer: blood backs up in periphery
-peripheral edema & weight gain
◉ L sided heart failure.
Answer: blood backs up into lungs
-pulmonary edema, shortness of breath, dyspnea, cough
◉ cardiomegaly is common with.
Answer: heart failure
◉ heart failure nonpharmacologic tx.
Answer: -limit salt and saturated fat intake (limit to 2g/1tsp/day)
-limit/avoid alcohol intake (avoid/1 drink/day)
-stop smoking
-perform mild exercise
-fluid intake (may be dec)
,◉ Digoxin class.
Answer: cardiac glycoside
◉ digoxin use.
Answer: HF, a-fib (oral/IV admin)
◉ digoxin action.
Answer: inhibits Na/K+ ATPase; inc cardiac contractility, CO and
tissue perfusion
◉ digoxin side effects/adverse effects.
Answer: hypokalemia, blurred/yellow vision, green/yellow halos w
toxicity
◉ Digoxin contraindications.
Answer: V-fib, hypokalemia
caution w/ acute MI, AV block, HTN, older adults
◉ digoxin drug interactions.
Answer: -Diuretics and cortisone: inc risk for toxicity (diuretics may
cause hypokalemia)
-Antacids: dec digoxin absorption
,◉ digoxin CAM interactions.
Answer: -Ginseng: inc digitalis levels
-St. John's wort and psyllium: dec absorption
-Hawthorn: inc effects
-Licorice, aloe, ephedra: inc risk of toxicity
◉ digoxin interventions.
Answer: -assess apical pulse before administering; DON'T
ADMINISTER IF HR <60bpm
-advise client to eat foods high in K+
◉ Antidote for digoxin toxicity.
Answer: digoxin immune FAB
◉ digoxin therapeutic serum level.
Answer: 0.5-1ng/mL
◉ digoxin effects on heart muscle.
Answer: -inc. myocardial contractility and CO
-dec. HR and conduction
, ◉ angina.
Answer: acute cardiac pain caused by inadequate blood flow to
myocardium
◉ antianginal drugs.
Answer: -nitrates
-beta blockers
-Ca channel blockers
◉ nitroglycerin class.
Answer: antianginal (Nitrate)
◉ nitroglycerin uses.
Answer: control angina, acute MI and HF
◉ nitroglycerin action.
Answer: dec myocardial demand for O2 consumption (vasodilator)
◉ Nitroglycerin Contraindications.
Answer: inc intracranial pressure; heat and light dec potency of
drug. keep in dark bottle
