NBME CBSE COMPREHENSIVE
EXAMINATION GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Sickle Cell Disease.
Answer: Dactylitis in infants, autosplenectomy, acute chest
syndrome.
◉ Sickle Cell Disease Mechanism.
Answer: Glu → Val mutation on β-globin → HbS polymerizes in
hypoxia.
◉ Sickle Cell Disease Buzzwords.
Answer: Howell-Jolly bodies, pain crises, Hb electrophoresis for Dx.
◉ Warm AIHA.
Answer: IgG (SLE, CLL, drugs).
◉ Cold AIHA.
Answer: IgM (Mycoplasma, EBV).
,◉ Immune Hemolytic Anemia Buzzwords.
Answer: Coombs positive, spherocytes, hemoglobinuria.
◉ Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) Clue.
Answer: Hemolysis at night, dark urine in the morning.
◉ Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) Defect.
Answer: GPI anchor → ↓ CD55/59.
◉ Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) Buzzwords.
Answer: Flow cytometry, venous thrombosis, pancytopenia.
◉ Hemophilia A/B Clue.
Answer: Male child with joint bleeds.
◉ Hemophilia A/B Lab.
Answer: ↑ aPTT, normal PT/bleeding time.
◉ Hemophilia A/B Buzzwords.
Answer: X-linked recessive, factor VIII/IX deficiency.
◉ Von Willebrand Disease Clue.
,Answer: Mucosal bleeding, menorrhagia, prolonged bleeding after
dental work.
◉ Von Willebrand Disease Labs.
Answer: ↑ bleeding time, ↑ aPTT, ↓ ristocetin aggregation.
◉ Von Willebrand Disease Buzzwords.
Answer: Autosomal dominant, vWF deficiency, platelet adhesion
defect.
◉ Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Clue.
Answer: Bleeding, thrombosis, ↓ platelets in septic patient.
◉ Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Labs.
Answer: ↑ PT, ↑ aPTT, ↑ D-dimer, ↓ fibrinogen.
◉ Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Buzzwords.
Answer: Schistocytes, sepsis, OB complications, trauma.
◉ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Clue.
Answer: Child with fever, bone pain, blasts.
, ◉ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Buzzwords.
Answer: Tdt+, CALLA+, t(12;21).
◉ Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Clue.
Answer: Elderly, Auer rods, DIC (esp. M3/APL).
◉ Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Buzzwords.
Answer: MPO+, t(15;17), ATRA.
◉ Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Clue.
Answer: Elderly, lymphadenopathy, smudge cells.
◉ Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Buzzwords.
Answer: CD20+, CD5+, hypogammaglobulinemia.
◉ Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Clue.
Answer: ↑ WBCs, basophilia, splenomegaly.
◉ Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Buzzwords.
Answer: t(9;22), BCR-ABL, imatinib.
◉ Polycythemia Vera Clue.
EXAMINATION GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Sickle Cell Disease.
Answer: Dactylitis in infants, autosplenectomy, acute chest
syndrome.
◉ Sickle Cell Disease Mechanism.
Answer: Glu → Val mutation on β-globin → HbS polymerizes in
hypoxia.
◉ Sickle Cell Disease Buzzwords.
Answer: Howell-Jolly bodies, pain crises, Hb electrophoresis for Dx.
◉ Warm AIHA.
Answer: IgG (SLE, CLL, drugs).
◉ Cold AIHA.
Answer: IgM (Mycoplasma, EBV).
,◉ Immune Hemolytic Anemia Buzzwords.
Answer: Coombs positive, spherocytes, hemoglobinuria.
◉ Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) Clue.
Answer: Hemolysis at night, dark urine in the morning.
◉ Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) Defect.
Answer: GPI anchor → ↓ CD55/59.
◉ Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) Buzzwords.
Answer: Flow cytometry, venous thrombosis, pancytopenia.
◉ Hemophilia A/B Clue.
Answer: Male child with joint bleeds.
◉ Hemophilia A/B Lab.
Answer: ↑ aPTT, normal PT/bleeding time.
◉ Hemophilia A/B Buzzwords.
Answer: X-linked recessive, factor VIII/IX deficiency.
◉ Von Willebrand Disease Clue.
,Answer: Mucosal bleeding, menorrhagia, prolonged bleeding after
dental work.
◉ Von Willebrand Disease Labs.
Answer: ↑ bleeding time, ↑ aPTT, ↓ ristocetin aggregation.
◉ Von Willebrand Disease Buzzwords.
Answer: Autosomal dominant, vWF deficiency, platelet adhesion
defect.
◉ Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Clue.
Answer: Bleeding, thrombosis, ↓ platelets in septic patient.
◉ Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Labs.
Answer: ↑ PT, ↑ aPTT, ↑ D-dimer, ↓ fibrinogen.
◉ Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Buzzwords.
Answer: Schistocytes, sepsis, OB complications, trauma.
◉ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Clue.
Answer: Child with fever, bone pain, blasts.
, ◉ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Buzzwords.
Answer: Tdt+, CALLA+, t(12;21).
◉ Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Clue.
Answer: Elderly, Auer rods, DIC (esp. M3/APL).
◉ Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Buzzwords.
Answer: MPO+, t(15;17), ATRA.
◉ Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Clue.
Answer: Elderly, lymphadenopathy, smudge cells.
◉ Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Buzzwords.
Answer: CD20+, CD5+, hypogammaglobulinemia.
◉ Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Clue.
Answer: ↑ WBCs, basophilia, splenomegaly.
◉ Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Buzzwords.
Answer: t(9;22), BCR-ABL, imatinib.
◉ Polycythemia Vera Clue.
