HESI RN Pediatrics Exam REVIEW 2026/2027
MOST RECENT QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
• The nurse is measuring the frontal occipital circumference (FOC) of a 3-month-
old infant, and notes that the FOC has increased 5 inches (12.7cm) since birth and
the child's head appears large in relation to body size. Which action is MOST
important for the nurse to take next?
A - plot the measurement on the infant's growth chart
B - observe the infant for sunset eyes
C - measure the infant's head-to-heel length
D - palpate the anterior fontanel for tension and bulging -✓✓ D
• A female infant recently admitted with vomiting and diarrhea now weighs 10 kg.
Her weigh at a previous well-baby visit was 11 kg. What is the percentage of body
weight loss for this infant?
A - 4%
B - 9%
C - 10%
D - 5% -✓✓ B
• A male high school student with Type 1 diabetes tests his blood glucose level
before playing a game of soccer and he obtains a reading of 180 mg/dL (10
mmol/L). Based on the reading, which action should the nurse take?
A - tell him to eat a sandwich and fruit before beginning the game
B - Check his urine for ketones
C -give him permission to go ahead and play soccer
D- call the healthcare provider -✓✓ A
, • A 7-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute rheumatic
fever. In obtaining a health hx from the child's mother, the recent occurrence of
which illness is MOST significant?
A - sore throat
B - chickenpox
C - mumps
D - influenza -✓✓ A
• A mother brings her 2-month-old son to the clinic for a well baby exam. During
the assessment, the nurse finds that the right testicle is not descended into the
scrotum, but the left is palpable. Which action should the nurse take?
A- prepare to obtain a catheterized urine specimen for culture
B - address possible concerns about the child's future fertility
C - ask if the right teste has been seen in the scrotum before
D - schedule an IV pyelogram to validate presence of testeicle -✓✓ C
• The nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant. Which response requires further
evaluation by the nurse?
A - has doubled birth weight
B - turns head to locate sound
C - plays "peek-a-boo"
D- demonstrates startle reflex -✓✓ D
• A 4-year-old girl returns to the pediatrician's office for a postoperative visit
following hospitalization for minor surgery. When observing the child in the
waiting area, which behavior should the nurse consider normal for this age child?
A - ignores other children in the play area
MOST RECENT QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
• The nurse is measuring the frontal occipital circumference (FOC) of a 3-month-
old infant, and notes that the FOC has increased 5 inches (12.7cm) since birth and
the child's head appears large in relation to body size. Which action is MOST
important for the nurse to take next?
A - plot the measurement on the infant's growth chart
B - observe the infant for sunset eyes
C - measure the infant's head-to-heel length
D - palpate the anterior fontanel for tension and bulging -✓✓ D
• A female infant recently admitted with vomiting and diarrhea now weighs 10 kg.
Her weigh at a previous well-baby visit was 11 kg. What is the percentage of body
weight loss for this infant?
A - 4%
B - 9%
C - 10%
D - 5% -✓✓ B
• A male high school student with Type 1 diabetes tests his blood glucose level
before playing a game of soccer and he obtains a reading of 180 mg/dL (10
mmol/L). Based on the reading, which action should the nurse take?
A - tell him to eat a sandwich and fruit before beginning the game
B - Check his urine for ketones
C -give him permission to go ahead and play soccer
D- call the healthcare provider -✓✓ A
, • A 7-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute rheumatic
fever. In obtaining a health hx from the child's mother, the recent occurrence of
which illness is MOST significant?
A - sore throat
B - chickenpox
C - mumps
D - influenza -✓✓ A
• A mother brings her 2-month-old son to the clinic for a well baby exam. During
the assessment, the nurse finds that the right testicle is not descended into the
scrotum, but the left is palpable. Which action should the nurse take?
A- prepare to obtain a catheterized urine specimen for culture
B - address possible concerns about the child's future fertility
C - ask if the right teste has been seen in the scrotum before
D - schedule an IV pyelogram to validate presence of testeicle -✓✓ C
• The nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant. Which response requires further
evaluation by the nurse?
A - has doubled birth weight
B - turns head to locate sound
C - plays "peek-a-boo"
D- demonstrates startle reflex -✓✓ D
• A 4-year-old girl returns to the pediatrician's office for a postoperative visit
following hospitalization for minor surgery. When observing the child in the
waiting area, which behavior should the nurse consider normal for this age child?
A - ignores other children in the play area
