Complete Solutions (100% Verified) | Graded A+
Matter - ANS ✔✔-Anything that has mass and takes up space; made of atoms
Atoms - ANS ✔✔-Basic unit of matter which cannot be broken down and contain mostly empty space;
contains three parts: the electron, proton, and neutron
Elements - ANS ✔✔-A pure substance that contains only one type of atom
Compound - ANS ✔✔-Two or more elements that are chemically bonded; includes ionic and covalent
Mixture - ANS ✔✔-Two or more substances that are together but not bonded
Pure Substance - ANS ✔✔-Substance that contains only one kind of compound
Bose-Einstein Condensate - ANS ✔✔-The state of matter with the lowest energy; basically a very cold
solid
Solid - ANS ✔✔-A state of matter with strong bonds
Liquid - ANS ✔✔-A state of matter with weak bonds
Gas - ANS ✔✔-A state of matter with no bonds
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,Plasma - ANS ✔✔-The state of matter with the highest energy; it uses ionization instead of bonds
Robert Boyle - ANS ✔✔-First to define an element; any substance is a substance unless it can be
broken down
John Dalton - ANS ✔✔-Used and combined previous ideas to discuss the atom; elements are made of
atoms; all atoms of an element are identical; atoms of different elements are different; law of constant
composition; atoms are invisible
Law of Constant Composition - ANS ✔✔-Atoms of one element can combine with other elements to
form compounds; a given compound always has the same relative numbers and types of atoms
J.J. Thomson - ANS ✔✔-Discovered electrons and protons and developed the plum pudding model of
an atom
Electrons - ANS ✔✔-The negatively charged particle in an atom; circles around the nucleus in the
electron cloud
Proton - ANS ✔✔-The positively charged particle in an atom; located in the nucleus; determine the
element
Neutron - ANS ✔✔-The neutral particle in an atom; it has no charge and is located in the nucleus
Plum Pudding Model - ANS ✔✔-A model of the atom that depicts a sphere of positive charge with
electrons scattered throughout
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, Ernest Rutherford - ANS ✔✔-Conducted an experiment in which he shot alpha particles at gold foil;
roved there was a small, dense nucleus with a positive charge and that protons are positive
Metals - ANS ✔✔-Elements located on the left side of the periodic table that want to lose electrons
Characteristics of Metals - ANS ✔✔-- Malleable
- Ductile
- Conductive
- Lustrous
Malleable - ANS ✔✔-The ability to be molded into shapes
Ductile - ANS ✔✔-The ability to be pulled into wire
Conductive - ANS ✔✔-The ability to allow heat or electricity to pass through an object
Lustrous - ANS ✔✔-The ability to be shiny
Nonmetals - ANS ✔✔-Elements located on the right side of the periodic table that want to gain
electrons
Metalloids - ANS ✔✔-Elements placed in a stair-step line between metals and nonmetals; they have
characteristics of both
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