RNSG 1128 INTRODUCTION TO NURSING CONCEPTS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS … EXAM
P R O F E S S I O N A L P R A C T I C E M AT E R I A L S
RNSG 1128 Introduction to
Nursing Concepts Final
Exam Questions & Answers
2026-2027
Verified Answers Exam Ready With Rationales
112 QUESTIONS
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This document provides 112 nursing concept questions with their correct answers, offering a
comprehensive review of core nursing knowledge. It is suitable for students preparing for exams, reviewing
course material, or seeking certification. The questions cover a broad spectrum of essential nursing
concepts, enabling effective study and knowledge consolidation.
CONTENTS
01 02 • Acid-Base Balance 03 • Perfusion
• Gas Exchange Fundamentals
04 05 06 • Endocrine System
• Metabolism and Glucose Regulation
• Fluid & Electrolyte Balance
Page 1
, 07 08 • Coping and Immunity
• Tissue Integrity and Wound Healing
E XA M Q U EST I O N S
Q1 QUESTION 1 OF 112
Define gas exchange
CORRECT ANSWER
the process by which oxygen is transported to cells and carbon dioxide is transported from cells
Q2 QUESTION 2 OF 112
Gas Exchange Attributes (what must be present to exist)
CORRECT ANSWER
pH: 7.35-7.45
O2 Saturation: 95-100%
PaO: 85-100
PaCO & EtCO: 35-45
HCO3: 22-26
Respiratory Rate within normal range (16-20)
Age appropriate level of consciousness
Race appropriate skin color
Q3 QUESTION 3 OF 112
Page 2
,Gas Exchange Antecedents (must happen before concept)
CORRECT ANSWER
Adequate Function of:
Resp. System
Perfusion
Neurologic Function
Cardiovascular Function
Efficient Cellular Metabolism
Q4 QUESTION 4 OF 112
Ischemia
CORRECT ANSWER
an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles.
Q5 QUESTION 5 OF 112
Hypoxia
CORRECT ANSWER
Low oxygen saturation of the body, not enough oxygen in the blood
Q6 QUESTION 6 OF 112
Anoxia
CORRECT ANSWER
absence of oxygen
Q7 QUESTION 7 OF 112
Page 3
, Hypoxemia
CORRECT ANSWER
deficient oxygen in the blood
Q8 QUESTION 8 OF 112
transport
CORRECT ANSWER
Availability & ability of hemoglobin to carry O2 from alveoli to cells for metabolism and carry CO2 from cells to
alveoli to be eliminated
Q9 QUESTION 9 OF 112
Perfusion
CORRECT ANSWER
The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of
blood through the capillaries.
Q10 QUESTION 10 OF 112
What are negative consequences of altered gas exchange?
CORRECT ANSWER
Respiratory compromise
Respiratory distress
Respiratory failure
Altered O2 carrying capacity
Inadequate perfusion
Hypoxemia
Anoxia
Altered mental status
V/Q mismatch
Page 4
P R O F E S S I O N A L P R A C T I C E M AT E R I A L S
RNSG 1128 Introduction to
Nursing Concepts Final
Exam Questions & Answers
2026-2027
Verified Answers Exam Ready With Rationales
112 QUESTIONS
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This document provides 112 nursing concept questions with their correct answers, offering a
comprehensive review of core nursing knowledge. It is suitable for students preparing for exams, reviewing
course material, or seeking certification. The questions cover a broad spectrum of essential nursing
concepts, enabling effective study and knowledge consolidation.
CONTENTS
01 02 • Acid-Base Balance 03 • Perfusion
• Gas Exchange Fundamentals
04 05 06 • Endocrine System
• Metabolism and Glucose Regulation
• Fluid & Electrolyte Balance
Page 1
, 07 08 • Coping and Immunity
• Tissue Integrity and Wound Healing
E XA M Q U EST I O N S
Q1 QUESTION 1 OF 112
Define gas exchange
CORRECT ANSWER
the process by which oxygen is transported to cells and carbon dioxide is transported from cells
Q2 QUESTION 2 OF 112
Gas Exchange Attributes (what must be present to exist)
CORRECT ANSWER
pH: 7.35-7.45
O2 Saturation: 95-100%
PaO: 85-100
PaCO & EtCO: 35-45
HCO3: 22-26
Respiratory Rate within normal range (16-20)
Age appropriate level of consciousness
Race appropriate skin color
Q3 QUESTION 3 OF 112
Page 2
,Gas Exchange Antecedents (must happen before concept)
CORRECT ANSWER
Adequate Function of:
Resp. System
Perfusion
Neurologic Function
Cardiovascular Function
Efficient Cellular Metabolism
Q4 QUESTION 4 OF 112
Ischemia
CORRECT ANSWER
an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles.
Q5 QUESTION 5 OF 112
Hypoxia
CORRECT ANSWER
Low oxygen saturation of the body, not enough oxygen in the blood
Q6 QUESTION 6 OF 112
Anoxia
CORRECT ANSWER
absence of oxygen
Q7 QUESTION 7 OF 112
Page 3
, Hypoxemia
CORRECT ANSWER
deficient oxygen in the blood
Q8 QUESTION 8 OF 112
transport
CORRECT ANSWER
Availability & ability of hemoglobin to carry O2 from alveoli to cells for metabolism and carry CO2 from cells to
alveoli to be eliminated
Q9 QUESTION 9 OF 112
Perfusion
CORRECT ANSWER
The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of
blood through the capillaries.
Q10 QUESTION 10 OF 112
What are negative consequences of altered gas exchange?
CORRECT ANSWER
Respiratory compromise
Respiratory distress
Respiratory failure
Altered O2 carrying capacity
Inadequate perfusion
Hypoxemia
Anoxia
Altered mental status
V/Q mismatch
Page 4
