IPHY 3430 Exam 1 Questions and All
Solved Solutions 2026 Updated.
Which of the following is a teleological answer for the following: Why do the lungs expand
during inspiration?
A. Because contraction of the diaphragm causes thoracic cavity volume to increase.
B. Because air needs to be brought into the lungs for gas exchange.
C. Because the pressure in the atmosphere exceeds thoracic pressure. - Answer B - Because A
and C tell you more of a mechanistic approach and they are not telling why. B tells us why - "I
need the air for the gas exchange"
Physiology - Answer Study of functions and processes of living organisms
Pathophysiology - Answer Study of physiology gone awry
Themes in physiology - Answer Homeostasis and control systems, structure-function
relationships, compartmentation, and energy transformation within biological systems
What is the unit of life? - Answer The cell
4 types of tissue - Answer Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
Teleological Approach - Answer Explains "why" (function/purpose)
Mechanistic approach - Answer Describes "how" (process or mechanism)
Homeostasis - Answer "Similar condition"; balancing act; affected by external or internal
change; physiological attempt to correct; controlled by feedback loops; ex: body temperature,
blood pressure, blood glucose
Physical requirements for membrane transport - Answer Molecular size, solubility in lipids,
and ionic charge/polarity
Energy requirements for membrane transport - Answer Concentration gradient and ATP
(direct or indirect)
, What are the passive membrane transport processes? - Answer Simple diffusion, facilitated
diffusion, and osmosis
Simple diffusion - Answer Moving from area of high concentration to area of low
concentration
What does facilitated diffusion use/depend on? - Answer Transmembrane proteins which
bypass the phospholipids
Types of transmembrane proteins - Answer Channel proteins and carrier proteins
Channel proteins - Answer Continuous opening between intracellular and extracellular fluid
Carrier proteins - Answer Bind to molecules and change shape to shuttle them across the
membrane - only open to one side of the membrane at a time
Osmosis - Answer Facilitated diffusion of water; depends on osmolarity, osmotic pressure, and
hydrostatic pressure
Aquaporins - Answer Channel proteins which transport water
Osmolarity - Answer Number of particles dissolved in a unit of fluid
Osmotic pressure - Answer Force that controls water entering/leaving a cell; is directly
proportional to osmolarity
Water wants to move towards... - Answer Higher osmolarity and higher osmotic pressure in
order to create an equilibrium of these 2 factors
Hydrostatic pressure - Answer Pressure exerted by a volume of fluid against a wall, membrane,
or some other structure that encloses the fluid
Tonicity - Answer Impact of osmotic pressure on the shape of cells
Hypertonic solution - Answer Solution is very concentrated with solutes so the solution has
high osmotic pressure and water is forced out of the cell
Solved Solutions 2026 Updated.
Which of the following is a teleological answer for the following: Why do the lungs expand
during inspiration?
A. Because contraction of the diaphragm causes thoracic cavity volume to increase.
B. Because air needs to be brought into the lungs for gas exchange.
C. Because the pressure in the atmosphere exceeds thoracic pressure. - Answer B - Because A
and C tell you more of a mechanistic approach and they are not telling why. B tells us why - "I
need the air for the gas exchange"
Physiology - Answer Study of functions and processes of living organisms
Pathophysiology - Answer Study of physiology gone awry
Themes in physiology - Answer Homeostasis and control systems, structure-function
relationships, compartmentation, and energy transformation within biological systems
What is the unit of life? - Answer The cell
4 types of tissue - Answer Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
Teleological Approach - Answer Explains "why" (function/purpose)
Mechanistic approach - Answer Describes "how" (process or mechanism)
Homeostasis - Answer "Similar condition"; balancing act; affected by external or internal
change; physiological attempt to correct; controlled by feedback loops; ex: body temperature,
blood pressure, blood glucose
Physical requirements for membrane transport - Answer Molecular size, solubility in lipids,
and ionic charge/polarity
Energy requirements for membrane transport - Answer Concentration gradient and ATP
(direct or indirect)
, What are the passive membrane transport processes? - Answer Simple diffusion, facilitated
diffusion, and osmosis
Simple diffusion - Answer Moving from area of high concentration to area of low
concentration
What does facilitated diffusion use/depend on? - Answer Transmembrane proteins which
bypass the phospholipids
Types of transmembrane proteins - Answer Channel proteins and carrier proteins
Channel proteins - Answer Continuous opening between intracellular and extracellular fluid
Carrier proteins - Answer Bind to molecules and change shape to shuttle them across the
membrane - only open to one side of the membrane at a time
Osmosis - Answer Facilitated diffusion of water; depends on osmolarity, osmotic pressure, and
hydrostatic pressure
Aquaporins - Answer Channel proteins which transport water
Osmolarity - Answer Number of particles dissolved in a unit of fluid
Osmotic pressure - Answer Force that controls water entering/leaving a cell; is directly
proportional to osmolarity
Water wants to move towards... - Answer Higher osmolarity and higher osmotic pressure in
order to create an equilibrium of these 2 factors
Hydrostatic pressure - Answer Pressure exerted by a volume of fluid against a wall, membrane,
or some other structure that encloses the fluid
Tonicity - Answer Impact of osmotic pressure on the shape of cells
Hypertonic solution - Answer Solution is very concentrated with solutes so the solution has
high osmotic pressure and water is forced out of the cell
