ABO Exam Study Guide Terms
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e6oend
1. Opthalmologist A medical doctor that is able to prescribe medications, examine and treat eye
problems, and perform eye surgery
2. Optometrist A doctor able to prescribe medications, examine and treat eye problems, perform
minor surgical procedures, fit and prescribe glasses and CLs, and prescribe visual
therapy and low-vision aids
3. Optician Fits and fills optical prescriptions, working closely with the optometrists and
opthalmologists
4. Paraoptometric Someone who's certified to perform front or back office optical assisting skills
5. National Opti- Covers optics, lens designs and materials, frames styling and frame materials,
cian Certifica- frame adjusting, prism, and different ocular problems
tion Examination
(NOCE)
6. Contact Lens Covers how to measure the cornea, select the proper contact lens, assess the
Registry Exam contact lens fit, and detect contact lens problems
(CLRE)
7. Number of fyears Three years
the NOCE-CLRE
certification is
good for before it
expires
8. The three "O's" of Ophthalmologist, Optometrist, Optician
vision care
9. Optical Assistant Unlicensed opticians or unlicensed front or back office assistants
10. Optical Lab Tech- Fabricates eyewear
nician
, ABO Exam Study Guide Terms
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e6oend
11. Ophthalmic As- Professionals who assist an eye surgeon or optometrist with a surgical procedure
sistant, Med-
ical Assistant,
or Ophthalmic
Technician:
12. Optician Licensed professional in an optical dispensary who fills glasses and CL prescrip-
tions
13. ABO American Board of Opticianry
14. NCLE National Contact Lens Examiners
15. NOCE National Opticianry Competency Examinations (for spectacle lenses)
16. CLRE Contact Lens Registry Exam
17. Epithelium The outer layer that protects your cornea; the one that can get scratched and be
very painful
18. Bowman's Mem- A layer of tough fibers that helps protect your cornea
brane
19. Stroma The thickest part of the cornea, making up almost 90% of its width
20. Descemet's Thick basement membrane that lines the next-to-last layer of the cornea
(dess-a-may's)
Membrane
21. Endothelium The innermost layer of the cornea
22. Cornea The clear dome that covers the iris; powerful lens that bends light, funneling it
through your eye; does more refracting work than the lens
, ABO Exam Study Guide Terms
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e6oend
23. Sclera The smooth white material that covers the anterior and posterior segments of the
eye; protects your eye and makes it stronger; it's where the muscles that move
your eye connect to the eyeball
24. Iris The colored part of the eye
25. Pupil Gets bigger and smaller in response to changes in light
26. Conjunctiva The clear, slick material that lies over the sclera like a piece of plastic wrap; lines
the inside of eyelid and the exposed part of the eye; protects from dirt, grit, and
germs
27. Lens Composed primarily of protein and water, it can change its shape to help you
focus when you switch from far to near viewing, and back
28. Vitreous Colorless, gelatin-like substance that fills the inside of the eye behind the lens
29. Retina Nerve net and pigment layer that lines the inside of the eye; 10 cell layers thick
30. Macula The portion of the retina that gives the sharpest vision (fovea gives sharpest vision)
31. Optic Nerve Carries the nerve impulses from the retina all the way to the occipital cortex at the
back of the brain
32. Superior Rectus Muscle attached to the top of your eyeball, and pulls the eye upwards
33. Lateral Rectus Muscle that moves your eye outward
34. Medial Rectus Muscle that moves your eye inward (nasal)
35. Superior Oblique Muscle near the top of your eye that moves your eye down and outward
36. Inferior Oblique Muscle near the bottom of your eye that moves your eye up and outward
37. Diopters
, ABO Exam Study Guide Terms
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e6oend
Measure how much light a lens can bend; the unit of power to focus light through
a lens
38. Aqueous Humor Fluid that sits between the cornea and lens and supplies them with nutrients (if
too much fluid builds up, it can lead to glaucoma)
39. Optic Chiasm At this spot, nerve fibers from half of each retina cross over to the opposite side
of the brain
40. Blind Spot Part of the eye where vision is obstructed by the optic nerve
41. Levator Muscles Open eyes
42. Orbicularis Mus- Close your eyes
cles
43. Manual An instrument used to read the power of prescription lenses
Lensometer
44. Visible Spectrum 380 to 760 nanometers (nm)
45. Prism Diopter A unit that describes the power of a prism to produce a 1-centimeter deviation in
a ray of light at a distance of 1-meter from the lens
46. Refraction How light bends when passing through a medium
47. Law of Refraction Light bends toward the normal when it enters a medium more dense than the
one it came from
48. Index of Refrac- Describes the density of a material
tion
49. Snell's Law The angle of refraction depends on the angle of incidence of the light and the
indices of refraction
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e6oend
1. Opthalmologist A medical doctor that is able to prescribe medications, examine and treat eye
problems, and perform eye surgery
2. Optometrist A doctor able to prescribe medications, examine and treat eye problems, perform
minor surgical procedures, fit and prescribe glasses and CLs, and prescribe visual
therapy and low-vision aids
3. Optician Fits and fills optical prescriptions, working closely with the optometrists and
opthalmologists
4. Paraoptometric Someone who's certified to perform front or back office optical assisting skills
5. National Opti- Covers optics, lens designs and materials, frames styling and frame materials,
cian Certifica- frame adjusting, prism, and different ocular problems
tion Examination
(NOCE)
6. Contact Lens Covers how to measure the cornea, select the proper contact lens, assess the
Registry Exam contact lens fit, and detect contact lens problems
(CLRE)
7. Number of fyears Three years
the NOCE-CLRE
certification is
good for before it
expires
8. The three "O's" of Ophthalmologist, Optometrist, Optician
vision care
9. Optical Assistant Unlicensed opticians or unlicensed front or back office assistants
10. Optical Lab Tech- Fabricates eyewear
nician
, ABO Exam Study Guide Terms
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e6oend
11. Ophthalmic As- Professionals who assist an eye surgeon or optometrist with a surgical procedure
sistant, Med-
ical Assistant,
or Ophthalmic
Technician:
12. Optician Licensed professional in an optical dispensary who fills glasses and CL prescrip-
tions
13. ABO American Board of Opticianry
14. NCLE National Contact Lens Examiners
15. NOCE National Opticianry Competency Examinations (for spectacle lenses)
16. CLRE Contact Lens Registry Exam
17. Epithelium The outer layer that protects your cornea; the one that can get scratched and be
very painful
18. Bowman's Mem- A layer of tough fibers that helps protect your cornea
brane
19. Stroma The thickest part of the cornea, making up almost 90% of its width
20. Descemet's Thick basement membrane that lines the next-to-last layer of the cornea
(dess-a-may's)
Membrane
21. Endothelium The innermost layer of the cornea
22. Cornea The clear dome that covers the iris; powerful lens that bends light, funneling it
through your eye; does more refracting work than the lens
, ABO Exam Study Guide Terms
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e6oend
23. Sclera The smooth white material that covers the anterior and posterior segments of the
eye; protects your eye and makes it stronger; it's where the muscles that move
your eye connect to the eyeball
24. Iris The colored part of the eye
25. Pupil Gets bigger and smaller in response to changes in light
26. Conjunctiva The clear, slick material that lies over the sclera like a piece of plastic wrap; lines
the inside of eyelid and the exposed part of the eye; protects from dirt, grit, and
germs
27. Lens Composed primarily of protein and water, it can change its shape to help you
focus when you switch from far to near viewing, and back
28. Vitreous Colorless, gelatin-like substance that fills the inside of the eye behind the lens
29. Retina Nerve net and pigment layer that lines the inside of the eye; 10 cell layers thick
30. Macula The portion of the retina that gives the sharpest vision (fovea gives sharpest vision)
31. Optic Nerve Carries the nerve impulses from the retina all the way to the occipital cortex at the
back of the brain
32. Superior Rectus Muscle attached to the top of your eyeball, and pulls the eye upwards
33. Lateral Rectus Muscle that moves your eye outward
34. Medial Rectus Muscle that moves your eye inward (nasal)
35. Superior Oblique Muscle near the top of your eye that moves your eye down and outward
36. Inferior Oblique Muscle near the bottom of your eye that moves your eye up and outward
37. Diopters
, ABO Exam Study Guide Terms
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e6oend
Measure how much light a lens can bend; the unit of power to focus light through
a lens
38. Aqueous Humor Fluid that sits between the cornea and lens and supplies them with nutrients (if
too much fluid builds up, it can lead to glaucoma)
39. Optic Chiasm At this spot, nerve fibers from half of each retina cross over to the opposite side
of the brain
40. Blind Spot Part of the eye where vision is obstructed by the optic nerve
41. Levator Muscles Open eyes
42. Orbicularis Mus- Close your eyes
cles
43. Manual An instrument used to read the power of prescription lenses
Lensometer
44. Visible Spectrum 380 to 760 nanometers (nm)
45. Prism Diopter A unit that describes the power of a prism to produce a 1-centimeter deviation in
a ray of light at a distance of 1-meter from the lens
46. Refraction How light bends when passing through a medium
47. Law of Refraction Light bends toward the normal when it enters a medium more dense than the
one it came from
48. Index of Refrac- Describes the density of a material
tion
49. Snell's Law The angle of refraction depends on the angle of incidence of the light and the
indices of refraction
