CNSL 503 PORTAGE UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A

CNSL 503 PORTAGE UPDATED ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED
A PLUS
CNSL 503 Portage Learning Module 7 Actual EXAM
TEST 2026/2027 Questions Questions and Answers
Verified Solutions Latest Update

Question:
Correlational analysis is performed when variables are observed in their ___ rather than being
manipulated in a study.

Answer:
observed in their natural state



Question:
___ describes the direction of a relationship, form of a relationship (linear, curvilinear, quadratic, or
cubic), and the degree of a relationship.

Answer:
Correlation



Question:
___ describes the direction of the linear relationship between two variables.

Answer:
Covariance



Question:
If two variables covary, one of two directions exist in the plot of variables: 1. 2.

Answer:
1. Both variables increase or decrease together. OR 2. As one variable increases the other decreases

, Question:
Covariance does not imply __.

Answer:
Covariance does not imply causation



Question:
___ is a limitation of correlational studies, however, correlation being established is the first step in
determining ___.

Answer:
Causation, causality



Question:
The most common ways correlations are represented graphically are with ___, a graph in which two
measurements are obtained from each individual in the study and paired variable scores are plotted
as coordinate pairs.

Answer:
scatterplots



Question:
In scatterplots, the independent variable is on the ___ and the dependent variable is on the __.

Answer:
In scatterplots, the independent variable is on the x-axis and the dependent variable is on the y-axis.



Question:
In scatterplots, the independent variable is called the ___ and the dependent variable is called the __.

Answer:
explanatory, response