CNSC EXAM REVIEW SOLVED QUESTIONS COMPLETE ANSWERS GRADED A PLUS
CNSC Final Paper 2026/2027 Complete Response
SET Questions and Answers Verified Solutions Latest
Update
Question:
The stress phase of the metabolic response to critical illness usually lasts
Answer:
24 hours
Question:
The anabolic phase of the metabolic response to critical illness can last
Answer:
for months (after catabolic phase has resolved)
Question:
Which hormones are increased in response to illness and trauma?
Answer:
Cortisol Epinephrine Growth hormone Glucagon
Question:
What can result from inadequate chromium intake?
Answer:
Hyperglycemia (chromium deficiency impairs glucose metabolism)
Question:
What are signs of vitamin D toxicity?
,Answer:
Nausea/vomiting Weakness Fatigue Diarrhea Headache Confusion Tremor Soft tissue calcification
(long-term)
Question:
What method to determine energy expenditure incorporates body surface area?
Answer:
Swinamer Equation
Question:
Albumin has a half-life of approximately
Answer:
14-20 days
Question:
What vitamin requires bile salt for emulsification and integration into the micelle for intestinal
absorption?
Answer:
Vitamin A
Question:
Triglycerides that require bile acids to facilitate enzymatic digestion and absorption are typically
Answer:
12 carbons in length (>10 is long-chain, can't be absorbed directly via the villi of intestinal mucosa)
Question:
How to calculate Total Body Water (TBW) and 3 compartments
,Answer:
TBW is 50-60% of body weight 2/3 in intracellular fluid 1/3 extracellular fluid 1/4 of extracellular
fluid is intravascular space 3/4 of extracellular fluid is interstitial space
Question:
Mild hypercalcemia is treated with
Answer:
hydration
Question:
Urea accounts for what % of total urine nitrogen losses (when calculating nitrogen balance)?
Answer:
80%
Question:
Where are essential amino acids oxidized?
Answer:
Liver
Question:
Glycogen stores can sustain normal activities in a healthy adult for approximately
Answer:
1 day
Question:
Glucose and galactose gain access to enterocytes via
Answer:
, sodium-glucose transporter 1 (SGLT-1)
Question:
Which water-soluble vitamins do not require Na+ co-transporters for absorption?
Answer:
B12 and folic acid
Question:
What facilitates the absorption of sodium in the lumen of the small intestine?
Answer:
Glucose (enhances both sodium and water uptake)
Question:
Mucosal atrophy that accompanies bowel rest may result from an absence of
Answer:
glutamine (can be added to PN to decrease atrophic changes)
Question:
The majority of fat digestion occurs in the
Answer:
duodenum
Question:
Average nitrogen content of protein
Answer:
16%
CNSC Final Paper 2026/2027 Complete Response
SET Questions and Answers Verified Solutions Latest
Update
Question:
The stress phase of the metabolic response to critical illness usually lasts
Answer:
24 hours
Question:
The anabolic phase of the metabolic response to critical illness can last
Answer:
for months (after catabolic phase has resolved)
Question:
Which hormones are increased in response to illness and trauma?
Answer:
Cortisol Epinephrine Growth hormone Glucagon
Question:
What can result from inadequate chromium intake?
Answer:
Hyperglycemia (chromium deficiency impairs glucose metabolism)
Question:
What are signs of vitamin D toxicity?
,Answer:
Nausea/vomiting Weakness Fatigue Diarrhea Headache Confusion Tremor Soft tissue calcification
(long-term)
Question:
What method to determine energy expenditure incorporates body surface area?
Answer:
Swinamer Equation
Question:
Albumin has a half-life of approximately
Answer:
14-20 days
Question:
What vitamin requires bile salt for emulsification and integration into the micelle for intestinal
absorption?
Answer:
Vitamin A
Question:
Triglycerides that require bile acids to facilitate enzymatic digestion and absorption are typically
Answer:
12 carbons in length (>10 is long-chain, can't be absorbed directly via the villi of intestinal mucosa)
Question:
How to calculate Total Body Water (TBW) and 3 compartments
,Answer:
TBW is 50-60% of body weight 2/3 in intracellular fluid 1/3 extracellular fluid 1/4 of extracellular
fluid is intravascular space 3/4 of extracellular fluid is interstitial space
Question:
Mild hypercalcemia is treated with
Answer:
hydration
Question:
Urea accounts for what % of total urine nitrogen losses (when calculating nitrogen balance)?
Answer:
80%
Question:
Where are essential amino acids oxidized?
Answer:
Liver
Question:
Glycogen stores can sustain normal activities in a healthy adult for approximately
Answer:
1 day
Question:
Glucose and galactose gain access to enterocytes via
Answer:
, sodium-glucose transporter 1 (SGLT-1)
Question:
Which water-soluble vitamins do not require Na+ co-transporters for absorption?
Answer:
B12 and folic acid
Question:
What facilitates the absorption of sodium in the lumen of the small intestine?
Answer:
Glucose (enhances both sodium and water uptake)
Question:
Mucosal atrophy that accompanies bowel rest may result from an absence of
Answer:
glutamine (can be added to PN to decrease atrophic changes)
Question:
The majority of fat digestion occurs in the
Answer:
duodenum
Question:
Average nitrogen content of protein
Answer:
16%
