CHAMBERLAIN
UNIVERSITY
EXAM 2 REV IEW
BIOS 251 / BIOS 251
Anatomy and Physiology I with Lab
Review Questions with Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade
A
Course BIOS 251
Total Questions 100
Format Multiple Choice (A-D)
Curriculum Period
L a t e s t U pda t e 2 0 2 0 2 7
, BIOS 251 Anatomy and Physiology I with Lab | Exam 2 Review | Chamberlain University
Exam 2 Review: BIOS 251 / BIOS 251
Anatomy and Physiology I with Lab
Latest Update | Review Questions with Verified Answers | Grade A
Chamberlain University
Total Questions: 100 Format: Multiple Choice (A-D) Verified Answers: 100%
Section 1: Integumentary System (Q1-Q25)
Skin Layers, Functions, Appendages, Wound Healing, Burns, and Skin Cancer
Q1. A nursing student is studying the layers of the epidermis. Which layer of the epidermis contains stem cells and
melanocytes and is the deepest layer of the epidermis?
A. Stratum corneum
B. Stratum lucidum
C. Stratum basale (stratum germinativum)
D. Stratum granulosum
Correct Answer: C. C. Stratum basale (stratum germinativum)
Rationale: The stratum basale, also called the stratum germinativum, is the deepest epidermal layer and contains stem cells
(keratinocytes) that continuously divide to replace upper layers, as well as melanocytes that produce melanin for UV protection. The
stratum corneum is the most superficial keratinized layer. The stratum lucidum is found only in thick skin. The stratum granulosum
contains keratohyalin granules and is where cells begin to die.
Q2. A patient presents with a mild sunburn characterized by redness and pain but no blistering. Which burn classification
best describes this injury?
A. First-degree (superficial) burn
B. Second-degree (partial thickness) burn
C. Third-degree (full thickness) burn
D. Fourth-degree burn
Correct Answer: A. A. First-degree (superficial) burn
Rationale: First-degree burns involve only the epidermis and present with redness (erythema), pain, and no blistering. They typically
heal within 3-5 days. Second-degree burns extend into the dermis and produce blisters. Third-degree burns destroy all skin layers and
may appear white, black, or charred with no pain due to nerve damage.
Q3. Which cell type in the epidermis functions as an antigen-presenting cell and plays a critical role in the immune defense
of the skin?
A. Keratinocyte
B. Melanocyte
C. Langerhans cell
D. Merkel cell
Correct Answer: C. C. Langerhans cell
Rationale: Langerhans cells are specialized dendritic cells found in the stratum spinosum that function as antigen-presenting cells,
capturing and processing antigens for T-cell activation in the immune response. Keratinocytes produce keratin. Melanocytes produce
melanin for UV protection. Merkel cells are touch receptors associated with nerve endings.
2026-2027 Curriculum Page 1 Verified Answers | Grade A
, BIOS 251 Anatomy and Physiology I with Lab | Exam 2 Review | Chamberlain University
Q4. A patient has sustained burns to the entire front and back of the trunk. Using the Rule of Nines, what percentage of the
body surface area is affected?
A. 18%
B. 27%
C. 36%
D. 45%
Correct Answer: C. C. 36%
Rationale: According to the Rule of Nines, the front trunk accounts for 18% and the back trunk accounts for 18%, totaling 36% body
surface area. Each arm is 9%, each leg is 18%, the head and neck is 9%, and the perineum is 1%. This tool is essential for rapid burn
assessment and fluid resuscitation planning.
Q5. Which sweat gland type is most numerous across the body surface, produces a watery secretion, and is primarily
responsible for thermoregulation?
A. Apocrine sweat glands
B. Eccrine sweat glands
C. Sebaceous glands
D. Ceruminous glands
Correct Answer: B. B. Eccrine sweat glands
Rationale: Eccrine sweat glands are the most numerous sweat glands, found across the entire body surface. They produce a watery,
hypotonic secretion primarily composed of water, sodium chloride, and urea, and are the principal glands responsible for
thermoregulation through evaporative cooling. Apocrine glands are limited to axillary and genital areas.
Q6. A dermatologist examines a skin lesion and notes it is pearly with a rolled border, slow-growing, and located on
sun-exposed skin. Which type of skin cancer is most likely?
A. Melanoma
B. Squamous cell carcinoma
C. Basal cell carcinoma
D. Actinic keratosis
Correct Answer: C. C. Basal cell carcinoma
Rationale: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common and least aggressive form of skin cancer, typically presenting as a pearly or waxy
bump with a rolled border on sun-exposed areas. It is slow-growing and rarely metastasizes. Melanoma is the most aggressive type and
follows the ABCDE rule. Squamous cell carcinoma appears scaly or rough and can metastasize.
Q7. During deep wound healing, which phase involves the formation of granulation tissue, angiogenesis, and the migration
of fibroblasts?
A. Inflammatory phase
B. Proliferative phase
C. Maturation (remodeling) phase
D. Hemostasis phase
Correct Answer: B. B. Proliferative phase
Rationale: The proliferative phase of deep wound healing involves the formation of granulation tissue composed of new connective
tissue and blood vessels, angiogenesis, and fibroblast migration to synthesize collagen and extracellular matrix. The inflammatory
phase involves vasodilation and immune cell infiltration. The maturation phase involves collagen remodeling and scar formation.
Q8. The dermis is composed of which type of connective tissue that provides structural strength, elasticity, and contains
blood vessels?
A. Areolar connective tissue
B. Dense regular connective tissue
C. Dense irregular connective tissue
D. Adipose connective tissue
2026-2027 Curriculum Page 2 Verified Answers | Grade A
UNIVERSITY
EXAM 2 REV IEW
BIOS 251 / BIOS 251
Anatomy and Physiology I with Lab
Review Questions with Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Grade
A
Course BIOS 251
Total Questions 100
Format Multiple Choice (A-D)
Curriculum Period
L a t e s t U pda t e 2 0 2 0 2 7
, BIOS 251 Anatomy and Physiology I with Lab | Exam 2 Review | Chamberlain University
Exam 2 Review: BIOS 251 / BIOS 251
Anatomy and Physiology I with Lab
Latest Update | Review Questions with Verified Answers | Grade A
Chamberlain University
Total Questions: 100 Format: Multiple Choice (A-D) Verified Answers: 100%
Section 1: Integumentary System (Q1-Q25)
Skin Layers, Functions, Appendages, Wound Healing, Burns, and Skin Cancer
Q1. A nursing student is studying the layers of the epidermis. Which layer of the epidermis contains stem cells and
melanocytes and is the deepest layer of the epidermis?
A. Stratum corneum
B. Stratum lucidum
C. Stratum basale (stratum germinativum)
D. Stratum granulosum
Correct Answer: C. C. Stratum basale (stratum germinativum)
Rationale: The stratum basale, also called the stratum germinativum, is the deepest epidermal layer and contains stem cells
(keratinocytes) that continuously divide to replace upper layers, as well as melanocytes that produce melanin for UV protection. The
stratum corneum is the most superficial keratinized layer. The stratum lucidum is found only in thick skin. The stratum granulosum
contains keratohyalin granules and is where cells begin to die.
Q2. A patient presents with a mild sunburn characterized by redness and pain but no blistering. Which burn classification
best describes this injury?
A. First-degree (superficial) burn
B. Second-degree (partial thickness) burn
C. Third-degree (full thickness) burn
D. Fourth-degree burn
Correct Answer: A. A. First-degree (superficial) burn
Rationale: First-degree burns involve only the epidermis and present with redness (erythema), pain, and no blistering. They typically
heal within 3-5 days. Second-degree burns extend into the dermis and produce blisters. Third-degree burns destroy all skin layers and
may appear white, black, or charred with no pain due to nerve damage.
Q3. Which cell type in the epidermis functions as an antigen-presenting cell and plays a critical role in the immune defense
of the skin?
A. Keratinocyte
B. Melanocyte
C. Langerhans cell
D. Merkel cell
Correct Answer: C. C. Langerhans cell
Rationale: Langerhans cells are specialized dendritic cells found in the stratum spinosum that function as antigen-presenting cells,
capturing and processing antigens for T-cell activation in the immune response. Keratinocytes produce keratin. Melanocytes produce
melanin for UV protection. Merkel cells are touch receptors associated with nerve endings.
2026-2027 Curriculum Page 1 Verified Answers | Grade A
, BIOS 251 Anatomy and Physiology I with Lab | Exam 2 Review | Chamberlain University
Q4. A patient has sustained burns to the entire front and back of the trunk. Using the Rule of Nines, what percentage of the
body surface area is affected?
A. 18%
B. 27%
C. 36%
D. 45%
Correct Answer: C. C. 36%
Rationale: According to the Rule of Nines, the front trunk accounts for 18% and the back trunk accounts for 18%, totaling 36% body
surface area. Each arm is 9%, each leg is 18%, the head and neck is 9%, and the perineum is 1%. This tool is essential for rapid burn
assessment and fluid resuscitation planning.
Q5. Which sweat gland type is most numerous across the body surface, produces a watery secretion, and is primarily
responsible for thermoregulation?
A. Apocrine sweat glands
B. Eccrine sweat glands
C. Sebaceous glands
D. Ceruminous glands
Correct Answer: B. B. Eccrine sweat glands
Rationale: Eccrine sweat glands are the most numerous sweat glands, found across the entire body surface. They produce a watery,
hypotonic secretion primarily composed of water, sodium chloride, and urea, and are the principal glands responsible for
thermoregulation through evaporative cooling. Apocrine glands are limited to axillary and genital areas.
Q6. A dermatologist examines a skin lesion and notes it is pearly with a rolled border, slow-growing, and located on
sun-exposed skin. Which type of skin cancer is most likely?
A. Melanoma
B. Squamous cell carcinoma
C. Basal cell carcinoma
D. Actinic keratosis
Correct Answer: C. C. Basal cell carcinoma
Rationale: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common and least aggressive form of skin cancer, typically presenting as a pearly or waxy
bump with a rolled border on sun-exposed areas. It is slow-growing and rarely metastasizes. Melanoma is the most aggressive type and
follows the ABCDE rule. Squamous cell carcinoma appears scaly or rough and can metastasize.
Q7. During deep wound healing, which phase involves the formation of granulation tissue, angiogenesis, and the migration
of fibroblasts?
A. Inflammatory phase
B. Proliferative phase
C. Maturation (remodeling) phase
D. Hemostasis phase
Correct Answer: B. B. Proliferative phase
Rationale: The proliferative phase of deep wound healing involves the formation of granulation tissue composed of new connective
tissue and blood vessels, angiogenesis, and fibroblast migration to synthesize collagen and extracellular matrix. The inflammatory
phase involves vasodilation and immune cell infiltration. The maturation phase involves collagen remodeling and scar formation.
Q8. The dermis is composed of which type of connective tissue that provides structural strength, elasticity, and contains
blood vessels?
A. Areolar connective tissue
B. Dense regular connective tissue
C. Dense irregular connective tissue
D. Adipose connective tissue
2026-2027 Curriculum Page 2 Verified Answers | Grade A
