Pharmacology Exam 1 2026
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Mechanism of action (MOA) of bisphosphonates - ANSWER
✔✔Inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption by binding to
hydroxyapatite in bone.
IV bisphosphonates - ANSWER ✔✔Should be given to a patient with
GERD (avoid PO due to esophageal irritation).
Four components of a prescription - ANSWER ✔✔Superscription,
Inscription, Subscription, Signa (directions to patient).
, Drugs that can cause bone loss - ANSWER ✔✔Glucocorticoids,
phenytoin, aromatase inhibitors, heparin, and long-term PPIs.
Conditions treated with bisphosphonates - ANSWER
✔✔Osteoporosis and Paget's disease.
T-score and Z-score in a DEXA scan - ANSWER ✔✔T-score:
compares to young adult; Z-score: compares to age-matched controls.
Vitamin D3 prescription - ANSWER ✔✔For osteomalacia (soft bones
due to vitamin D deficiency).
Lidocaine eye drops - ANSWER ✔✔Used for numbing the eye for
exams or procedures—short-term use only.
Eye makeup during an eye infection - ANSWER ✔✔Discard all
makeup to prevent reinfection.
Drug to avoid if tympanic membrane is ruptured - ANSWER
✔✔Ciprofloxacin (due to ototoxicity risk).
Prevention of swimmer's ear - ANSWER ✔✔Isopropyl alcohol or
acetic acid drops to dry the ear canal.
Debrox - ANSWER ✔✔Used to soften and remove excessive ear wax
(contains carbamide peroxide).