NR 222 HEALTH ASSESSMENT EXAM 4 (PDF) | 2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS + RATIONALES | STUDY GUIDE |
100% CORRECT
1. A patient is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse is planning to teach
the patient about blood glucose monitoring and dietary management. Based on the
teaching/learning process, which statement indicates the nurse has a good understanding
of how to proceed?
A) "Teaching is most effective when it responds to the learner's needs."
B) "Teaching and learning are separate processes."
C) "Learning consists of a conscious, deliberate set of actions designed to help the
teacher."
D) "Learning is an interactive process that promotes teaching."
Correct Answer: "Teaching is most effective when it responds to the learner's needs."
Rationale: Effective teaching is learner-centered and responsive to the individual's needs,
preferences, and readiness to learn. This approach improves engagement and outcomes by
tailoring education to the patient's unique situation. Teaching and learning are interconnected
processes, not separate or unidirectional activities.
2. The nurse is educating a patient about the long-term complications of uncontrolled
hypertension. Which teaching strategy is most appropriate for developing the patient's
learning in the affective domain?
A) A lecture followed by a written test
B) A video presentation with handouts
C) Role-playing and group discussion
D) Demonstration and return demonstration
Correct Answer: Role-playing and group discussion
Rationale: The affective domain involves feelings, values, and attitudes. Role-playing and group
discussions allow patients to explore their beliefs and emotional responses to health information.
Lectures and written tests primarily address the cognitive domain, while demonstration is for the
psychomotor domain.
3. A patient with a history of alcohol abuse is admitted with cirrhosis. The patient states, "I
really don't believe that my drinking a couple of beers a day has anything to do with my
liver problem." Which is the nurse's best therapeutic response?
A) "You find it hard to believe that beer can hurt the liver."
B) "How long is it that you have been drinking several beers a day?"
C) "Each beer is equivalent to one shot of liquor so it's just as damaging."
D) "Do you believe that beer is not harmful even though research shows it is?"
Correct Answer: "You find it hard to believe that beer can hurt the liver."
,Rationale: This response uses a reflective technique, acknowledging the patient's statement
without judgment. It encourages the patient to explore their beliefs further. The other options are
confrontational or ask closed-ended questions that may increase resistance and damage the
therapeutic relationship.
4. A patient is extremely upset and mentions something about work-related issues that the
nurse cannot understand. Which is the nurse's best response?
A) "It's natural to worry about your job."
B) "Your job must be very important to you."
C) "Calm down so I can understand what you are saying."
D) "I'm not quite sure I heard what you were saying about your work."
Correct Answer: "I'm not quite sure I heard what you were saying about your work."
Rationale: This response uses clarification, a therapeutic communication technique that asks the
patient to repeat or elaborate to ensure understanding. It is non-judgmental and encourages the
patient to continue expressing themselves. The other options either dismiss the patient's feelings,
provide false reassurance, or give a directive that may increase anxiety.
5. A nurse must conduct a focused interview to complete an admission history. Which
interviewing technique should the nurse use to gather specific information efficiently?
A) Probing
B) Clarification
C) Direct questions
D) Paraphrasing statements
Correct Answer: Direct questions
Rationale: Direct questions are used in focused interviews to obtain specific, factual information
efficiently. Probing encourages more detail, clarification ensures understanding, and
paraphrasing confirms the nurse's interpretation of what the patient said. All are useful, but direct
questions are most effective for gathering specific data.
6. A nurse is teaching a group of patients about diabetes management using material from a
diabetes education program. What should the nurse do prior to each teaching session?
A) Plan handouts on general principles that patients can understand at the high school
level.
B) Implement changes during class whenever a patient complains the material is too
difficult.
C) Assess materials to be relevant and plan changes according to the needs of patients.
D) Assess, plan, implement, and evaluate teaching materials only according to
recommendations from the director of nursing.
Correct Answer: Assess materials to be relevant and plan changes according to the needs of
patients.
, Rationale: Effective teaching requires assessing the learners' needs, health literacy, and readiness
to learn, then tailoring the materials and plan accordingly. This patient-centered approach is
more effective than rigidly following pre-set materials. Implementing changes during class may
be disruptive and is better done through preparation.
7. According to the ANA Code of Ethics, which statement accurately describes the nurse's
primary commitment and responsibilities?
A) The nurse's primary commitment is to self first, then to the patient.
B) The nurse has authority, accountability, and responsibility for nursing practices and
actions consistent with providing optimal patient care.
C) The profession of nursing articulates its values through individual nurses without
recommendations from professional organizations.
D) The nurse owes the same duties to self as to others, including the responsibility to
promote health and safety and preserve integrity.
Correct Answer: The nurse has authority, accountability, and responsibility for nursing practices
and actions consistent with providing optimal patient care.
Rationale: The ANA Code of Ethics states that the nurse's primary commitment is to the patient
and that the nurse is accountable for their own practice. Professional organizations articulate
values and provide guidance, and duties to self are important but not primary over the patient.
8. A nurse manager is teaching a group of nurses about the levels of prevention. Which
example should be included as tertiary prevention?
A) Surgery to repair a hip dislocation in an older adult
B) Teaching breastfeeding to expectant mothers in a prenatal clinic
C) Chemotherapy for a client newly diagnosed with cancer
D) Physical therapy for a patient with right-sided paralysis from a stroke
Correct Answer: Physical therapy for a patient with right-sided paralysis from a stroke
Rationale: Tertiary prevention aims to restore function and reduce disability after a disease or
injury has occurred. Physical therapy after a stroke is a classic example. Surgery for a hip
dislocation is secondary prevention (treating an injury), teaching breastfeeding is primary
prevention, and chemotherapy is treatment (secondary/tertiary depending on goal).
9. A nurse is establishing health promotion goals for a female client who smokes cigarettes,
has hypertension, and has a BMI of 26. Which of the following goals should the nurse
include?
A) The client will list foods that are high in calcium that should be avoided.
B) The client will walk for 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week.
C) The client will state that being overweight is a health risk.
D) The client will reduce her blood pressure to normal within one week.
Correct Answer: The client will walk for 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS + RATIONALES | STUDY GUIDE |
100% CORRECT
1. A patient is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse is planning to teach
the patient about blood glucose monitoring and dietary management. Based on the
teaching/learning process, which statement indicates the nurse has a good understanding
of how to proceed?
A) "Teaching is most effective when it responds to the learner's needs."
B) "Teaching and learning are separate processes."
C) "Learning consists of a conscious, deliberate set of actions designed to help the
teacher."
D) "Learning is an interactive process that promotes teaching."
Correct Answer: "Teaching is most effective when it responds to the learner's needs."
Rationale: Effective teaching is learner-centered and responsive to the individual's needs,
preferences, and readiness to learn. This approach improves engagement and outcomes by
tailoring education to the patient's unique situation. Teaching and learning are interconnected
processes, not separate or unidirectional activities.
2. The nurse is educating a patient about the long-term complications of uncontrolled
hypertension. Which teaching strategy is most appropriate for developing the patient's
learning in the affective domain?
A) A lecture followed by a written test
B) A video presentation with handouts
C) Role-playing and group discussion
D) Demonstration and return demonstration
Correct Answer: Role-playing and group discussion
Rationale: The affective domain involves feelings, values, and attitudes. Role-playing and group
discussions allow patients to explore their beliefs and emotional responses to health information.
Lectures and written tests primarily address the cognitive domain, while demonstration is for the
psychomotor domain.
3. A patient with a history of alcohol abuse is admitted with cirrhosis. The patient states, "I
really don't believe that my drinking a couple of beers a day has anything to do with my
liver problem." Which is the nurse's best therapeutic response?
A) "You find it hard to believe that beer can hurt the liver."
B) "How long is it that you have been drinking several beers a day?"
C) "Each beer is equivalent to one shot of liquor so it's just as damaging."
D) "Do you believe that beer is not harmful even though research shows it is?"
Correct Answer: "You find it hard to believe that beer can hurt the liver."
,Rationale: This response uses a reflective technique, acknowledging the patient's statement
without judgment. It encourages the patient to explore their beliefs further. The other options are
confrontational or ask closed-ended questions that may increase resistance and damage the
therapeutic relationship.
4. A patient is extremely upset and mentions something about work-related issues that the
nurse cannot understand. Which is the nurse's best response?
A) "It's natural to worry about your job."
B) "Your job must be very important to you."
C) "Calm down so I can understand what you are saying."
D) "I'm not quite sure I heard what you were saying about your work."
Correct Answer: "I'm not quite sure I heard what you were saying about your work."
Rationale: This response uses clarification, a therapeutic communication technique that asks the
patient to repeat or elaborate to ensure understanding. It is non-judgmental and encourages the
patient to continue expressing themselves. The other options either dismiss the patient's feelings,
provide false reassurance, or give a directive that may increase anxiety.
5. A nurse must conduct a focused interview to complete an admission history. Which
interviewing technique should the nurse use to gather specific information efficiently?
A) Probing
B) Clarification
C) Direct questions
D) Paraphrasing statements
Correct Answer: Direct questions
Rationale: Direct questions are used in focused interviews to obtain specific, factual information
efficiently. Probing encourages more detail, clarification ensures understanding, and
paraphrasing confirms the nurse's interpretation of what the patient said. All are useful, but direct
questions are most effective for gathering specific data.
6. A nurse is teaching a group of patients about diabetes management using material from a
diabetes education program. What should the nurse do prior to each teaching session?
A) Plan handouts on general principles that patients can understand at the high school
level.
B) Implement changes during class whenever a patient complains the material is too
difficult.
C) Assess materials to be relevant and plan changes according to the needs of patients.
D) Assess, plan, implement, and evaluate teaching materials only according to
recommendations from the director of nursing.
Correct Answer: Assess materials to be relevant and plan changes according to the needs of
patients.
, Rationale: Effective teaching requires assessing the learners' needs, health literacy, and readiness
to learn, then tailoring the materials and plan accordingly. This patient-centered approach is
more effective than rigidly following pre-set materials. Implementing changes during class may
be disruptive and is better done through preparation.
7. According to the ANA Code of Ethics, which statement accurately describes the nurse's
primary commitment and responsibilities?
A) The nurse's primary commitment is to self first, then to the patient.
B) The nurse has authority, accountability, and responsibility for nursing practices and
actions consistent with providing optimal patient care.
C) The profession of nursing articulates its values through individual nurses without
recommendations from professional organizations.
D) The nurse owes the same duties to self as to others, including the responsibility to
promote health and safety and preserve integrity.
Correct Answer: The nurse has authority, accountability, and responsibility for nursing practices
and actions consistent with providing optimal patient care.
Rationale: The ANA Code of Ethics states that the nurse's primary commitment is to the patient
and that the nurse is accountable for their own practice. Professional organizations articulate
values and provide guidance, and duties to self are important but not primary over the patient.
8. A nurse manager is teaching a group of nurses about the levels of prevention. Which
example should be included as tertiary prevention?
A) Surgery to repair a hip dislocation in an older adult
B) Teaching breastfeeding to expectant mothers in a prenatal clinic
C) Chemotherapy for a client newly diagnosed with cancer
D) Physical therapy for a patient with right-sided paralysis from a stroke
Correct Answer: Physical therapy for a patient with right-sided paralysis from a stroke
Rationale: Tertiary prevention aims to restore function and reduce disability after a disease or
injury has occurred. Physical therapy after a stroke is a classic example. Surgery for a hip
dislocation is secondary prevention (treating an injury), teaching breastfeeding is primary
prevention, and chemotherapy is treatment (secondary/tertiary depending on goal).
9. A nurse is establishing health promotion goals for a female client who smokes cigarettes,
has hypertension, and has a BMI of 26. Which of the following goals should the nurse
include?
A) The client will list foods that are high in calcium that should be avoided.
B) The client will walk for 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week.
C) The client will state that being overweight is a health risk.
D) The client will reduce her blood pressure to normal within one week.
Correct Answer: The client will walk for 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week.
