RADIOGRAPHIC PROCEDURES AND SAFETY |COMPLETE
STUDY GUIDE WITH 100% ACCURATE QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS | ACE EVERY TEST | GUARANTEED
EXCELLENCE.
Dr. Otto Walkhoff Answer: German physicist who held film in mouth for 25 min, created first
dental radiograph prototype in 1896
William Conrad Roentgen Answer: Discovered shadow images could be permanently
recorded on photographic film
Dr. C. Edmund Kells Answer: Advocated for radiation safety but lost his life to excess
radiation
William David Coolidge Answer: Worked for General Electric, made first hot cathode x-ray
tube in 1913
PID Answer: Position Indicating Device through which x-rays pass from tube head to patient
Rectangular PIDS Answer: Better for the patient as they limit x-ray beam striking patient to
actual film size
Panoramic Radiograph Answer: Capable of exposing entire dentition
Control Panel Components Answer: 1. Line switch 2. Milliamperage selector 3. Kilovoltage
selector 4. Timer 5. Exposure button
Milliamperage (mA) Answer: Amount of current passing through wires, determines quantity
of x-rays produced
Kilovoltage Answer: Speed of electrons, determines penetrating ability and quality of x-rays
produced
Timer Answer: Controls duration of current passing through x-ray tube
6 ft Answer: Recommended distance to stand away from exposure when taking an x-ray
MTC's mA preset Answer: 7 mA
MTC's kVp preset Answer: 60-70 kVp
Digital (D) on Control Panel Answer: Must be lit up when taking digital images
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1
, Voltmeter Answer: Measures potential or voltage across x-ray tube
Line Switch Answer: Also known as ON/OFF switch
Step-down Transformer Answer: Decreases voltage from wall outlet to about 5 V, heats
filament for electron cloud
Step-up Transformer Answer: Increases voltage from wall outlet to about 50-100 kVp, propels
electrons toward target
Cathode Answer: Negative electrode supplying electrons to produce x-rays
Anode Answer: Positive electrode stopping electrons for x-ray conversion, dissipates heat
Thermionic Emission Answer: Boiling off of electrons causing electron cloud by heating
cathode filament
Bremsstrahlung Answer: Process of electrons being stopped by tungsten target
Primary Beam Answer: X-rays passing through port
Filter Answer: Placed in path of x-ray beam to remove 'soft x-rays'
Polychromatic Answer: X-rays with different energies
Intensity Answer: Affected by mA, kVp, exposure time, and distance, referring to quantity and
quality of x-rays
Bisecting Technique Answer: Central beam directed perpendicular through apical area of
tooth, bisecting angle made by tooth and film
Paralleling Technique Answer: Method of choice for taking x-rays, with film placed parallel to
long axis of tooth
Emulsion Answer: Coating on film; both sides = shorter exposure time
Digital Sensors Answer: Introduced by Francis Mouyen in 1987 for reduced radiation and no
film
Computed Tomography Answer: Specialized x-ray imaging with contrast agent for detailed
images
Tomography Answer: Two-dimensional imaging technique
MRI Answer: Cross-sectional imaging without x-rays
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
STUDY GUIDE WITH 100% ACCURATE QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS | ACE EVERY TEST | GUARANTEED
EXCELLENCE.
Dr. Otto Walkhoff Answer: German physicist who held film in mouth for 25 min, created first
dental radiograph prototype in 1896
William Conrad Roentgen Answer: Discovered shadow images could be permanently
recorded on photographic film
Dr. C. Edmund Kells Answer: Advocated for radiation safety but lost his life to excess
radiation
William David Coolidge Answer: Worked for General Electric, made first hot cathode x-ray
tube in 1913
PID Answer: Position Indicating Device through which x-rays pass from tube head to patient
Rectangular PIDS Answer: Better for the patient as they limit x-ray beam striking patient to
actual film size
Panoramic Radiograph Answer: Capable of exposing entire dentition
Control Panel Components Answer: 1. Line switch 2. Milliamperage selector 3. Kilovoltage
selector 4. Timer 5. Exposure button
Milliamperage (mA) Answer: Amount of current passing through wires, determines quantity
of x-rays produced
Kilovoltage Answer: Speed of electrons, determines penetrating ability and quality of x-rays
produced
Timer Answer: Controls duration of current passing through x-ray tube
6 ft Answer: Recommended distance to stand away from exposure when taking an x-ray
MTC's mA preset Answer: 7 mA
MTC's kVp preset Answer: 60-70 kVp
Digital (D) on Control Panel Answer: Must be lit up when taking digital images
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, Voltmeter Answer: Measures potential or voltage across x-ray tube
Line Switch Answer: Also known as ON/OFF switch
Step-down Transformer Answer: Decreases voltage from wall outlet to about 5 V, heats
filament for electron cloud
Step-up Transformer Answer: Increases voltage from wall outlet to about 50-100 kVp, propels
electrons toward target
Cathode Answer: Negative electrode supplying electrons to produce x-rays
Anode Answer: Positive electrode stopping electrons for x-ray conversion, dissipates heat
Thermionic Emission Answer: Boiling off of electrons causing electron cloud by heating
cathode filament
Bremsstrahlung Answer: Process of electrons being stopped by tungsten target
Primary Beam Answer: X-rays passing through port
Filter Answer: Placed in path of x-ray beam to remove 'soft x-rays'
Polychromatic Answer: X-rays with different energies
Intensity Answer: Affected by mA, kVp, exposure time, and distance, referring to quantity and
quality of x-rays
Bisecting Technique Answer: Central beam directed perpendicular through apical area of
tooth, bisecting angle made by tooth and film
Paralleling Technique Answer: Method of choice for taking x-rays, with film placed parallel to
long axis of tooth
Emulsion Answer: Coating on film; both sides = shorter exposure time
Digital Sensors Answer: Introduced by Francis Mouyen in 1987 for reduced radiation and no
film
Computed Tomography Answer: Specialized x-ray imaging with contrast agent for detailed
images
Tomography Answer: Two-dimensional imaging technique
MRI Answer: Cross-sectional imaging without x-rays
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
