EXAM PREP
GMS 5057 - Medical Cell Biology
Test 1
2026/2027
Complete Questions Bank and Correct
Detailed Answers With Rationales |
100% Guaranteed Pass | Brand New
Version
,Monomers of DNA and RNA Nucleotide
components of a nucleotide sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base
The backbone of a nucleotide has what types of covalent
chemical bonds
The nucleotide bases interact with eachother via what Hydrogen
types of bonds
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology - DNA -> RNA -> Protein
- Genes in DNA and hereditary information is expressed.
What are enzymes proteins with catalytic sites that catalyze specific chemical reactions
Enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of polysaccharides in Lysozyme
bacterial cell walls
Main currency for energy in cells ATP
What structural part of the phospholipid bilayer hydrophobic core
prevents the passive diffusion of hydrophilic substances
Amphipathic having both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region
Liposome Phospholipid bilayer that forms an aqueous compartment as a result of
phospholipids being submerged into water.
What are the two groups of prokaryotes Bacteria and Archaea
What are the three branches of the tree of life Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
Sequence conservation in rRNA genes among various life originated from an ancestral cell.
species including human suggest what?
What are three ways that new genes can arise Intragenic mutation
Gene duplication
DNA segment shuffling
Examples of mutations nucleotide changes, deletions, and insertions
Horizontal gene transfer - transfer of DNA between different organisms (particularly in bacterial species
and rarely in eukaryotic species).
, Vertical gene transfer parent to progeny
Gene family Genes that share related sequences and functions
Largest family of genes ABC transporters
ABC transporters - ATP-binding cassette transporters
- Transporters that use ATP as energy to perform various functions.
homologous genes two or more genes derived from the same ancestral gene
Orthologs Homologous genes with a common ancestor in different species due to a
speciation event.
Paralogs Homologous genes with a common ancestor in the same species, usually due
to gene duplication and divergence.
Viruses that infect bacterial cells bacteriophages
Mutant analysis using mutants to understand how a biological process normally works
Mitochondrion origin An ancient eukaryotic precursor cell engulfed a bacterial cell and became a
host for the bacterial cell. A symbiotic relationship was formed.
Human cells have hybrid genomes including: Nuclear and mitochondrial
c-KIT Cellular receptor tyrosine kinase. Phosphorylates tyrosines on certain cytosolic
proteins. Regulates function and migration of melanocytes in skin.
Piebaldism Absence of melanocytes in areas of skin that have less pigmentation.
What elements make of most mass of cells? CHON
What types of bonds have the highest strength Covalent
What types of bonds have the highest specificity non-covalent
GMS 5057 - Medical Cell Biology
Test 1
2026/2027
Complete Questions Bank and Correct
Detailed Answers With Rationales |
100% Guaranteed Pass | Brand New
Version
,Monomers of DNA and RNA Nucleotide
components of a nucleotide sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base
The backbone of a nucleotide has what types of covalent
chemical bonds
The nucleotide bases interact with eachother via what Hydrogen
types of bonds
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology - DNA -> RNA -> Protein
- Genes in DNA and hereditary information is expressed.
What are enzymes proteins with catalytic sites that catalyze specific chemical reactions
Enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of polysaccharides in Lysozyme
bacterial cell walls
Main currency for energy in cells ATP
What structural part of the phospholipid bilayer hydrophobic core
prevents the passive diffusion of hydrophilic substances
Amphipathic having both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region
Liposome Phospholipid bilayer that forms an aqueous compartment as a result of
phospholipids being submerged into water.
What are the two groups of prokaryotes Bacteria and Archaea
What are the three branches of the tree of life Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
Sequence conservation in rRNA genes among various life originated from an ancestral cell.
species including human suggest what?
What are three ways that new genes can arise Intragenic mutation
Gene duplication
DNA segment shuffling
Examples of mutations nucleotide changes, deletions, and insertions
Horizontal gene transfer - transfer of DNA between different organisms (particularly in bacterial species
and rarely in eukaryotic species).
, Vertical gene transfer parent to progeny
Gene family Genes that share related sequences and functions
Largest family of genes ABC transporters
ABC transporters - ATP-binding cassette transporters
- Transporters that use ATP as energy to perform various functions.
homologous genes two or more genes derived from the same ancestral gene
Orthologs Homologous genes with a common ancestor in different species due to a
speciation event.
Paralogs Homologous genes with a common ancestor in the same species, usually due
to gene duplication and divergence.
Viruses that infect bacterial cells bacteriophages
Mutant analysis using mutants to understand how a biological process normally works
Mitochondrion origin An ancient eukaryotic precursor cell engulfed a bacterial cell and became a
host for the bacterial cell. A symbiotic relationship was formed.
Human cells have hybrid genomes including: Nuclear and mitochondrial
c-KIT Cellular receptor tyrosine kinase. Phosphorylates tyrosines on certain cytosolic
proteins. Regulates function and migration of melanocytes in skin.
Piebaldism Absence of melanocytes in areas of skin that have less pigmentation.
What elements make of most mass of cells? CHON
What types of bonds have the highest strength Covalent
What types of bonds have the highest specificity non-covalent
