PNR 106 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE | COMPLETE PRACTICAL NURSING
EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026/2027
Culture - ANS ✔✔A collection of beliefs, values, and assumptions about life that is shared and
maintained by a group of people and transmitted intergenerationally
Four features of culture - ANS ✔✔Culture is learned and acquired
Culture is shared by a group
Culture is incorporated into individuals' identity
Culture is dynamic
Spirituality - ANS ✔✔"Breath of life" Subjective experience that explains one's relationship to the
wholeness of the physical and non-physical world and the meaning of one's life
Religion - ANS ✔✔Formalized system of belief and worship
Roman catholic beliefs about birth - ANS ✔✔Babies must be baptized soon after birth because of the
belief that babies not baptized will not go to heaven. EVEN ABORTED FETUSES MUST BE BAPTIZED.
Roman catholic beliefs about holy eucharist - ANS ✔✔Patients receiving communion must NOT have
anything to eat or alcohol to drink 15 minutes before receiving consecrated wafer. IF DEATH IS
IMMINENT FASTING IS WAIVED.
Roman catholic beliefs about organ donation - ANS ✔✔Is acceptable if an individual is truly deceased,
and the person has given informed consent verified by a trusted source.
Eastern Orthodox beliefs about birth - ANS ✔✔Baby is baptized by immersion in water three times,
followed by anointing with chrism (holy oil)
Christian science beliefs - ANS ✔✔DO NOT TAKE MEDICATIONS.
Jehovah's witnesses beliefs - ANS ✔✔Abortion is forbidden, DO NOT TAKE BLOOD
TRANSFUSIONS/PRODUCTS, Organ transplant accepted but MUST be cleanses with non-blood solution.
Body MUST BE BURIED WITH ALL ITS PARTS (NO donation)
Church of Jesus Christ of latter day saints beliefs - ANS ✔✔A church elder must be notified in the event
of death. A sacred undergarment may be worn and should only be removed in an emergency
Seventh day adventist beliefs - ANS ✔✔The sabbath is observed on SATURDAY. Many are vegetarians,
and must avoid eating pork
Muslim beliefs about death - ANS ✔✔Patients must face mecca, confess sins, and beg forgiveness in the
presence of the family
Muslim beliefs about care of women - ANS ✔✔Women ARE NOT allowed to sign a consent form or make
decisions about family planning; therefore HUSBAND MUST BE PRESENT.
, Jewish beliefs about diet - ANS ✔✔Kosher, including not mixing milk and meat, using separate utensils
for milk and meat .
Cultural awareness - ANS ✔✔Developing understanding that health is expressed differently across
cultures, and that culture influences an individual's response to health, illness, disease, and death
Cultural sensitivity - ANS ✔✔The ability to engage and communicate with an individual from another
culture in a manner that demonstrates respect for their cultural norms and beliefs
Hispanic Americans - ANS ✔✔Values family over individual. Family system is PATRIARCHAL. Comforted
by touch. Considers the spiritual dimension of life to be important.
African Americans - ANS ✔✔Members of the church may be considered family. Family structure is often
MATRIARCHAL. Health and illness may be intertwined with religion.
American Indians - ANS ✔✔Believe illness occurs when there is disharmony of the individual,
environment or spirit world. Periods of silence and avoidance of eye contact show respect. Consults with
Shaman (medicine man)
European Americans - ANS ✔✔Often use home remedies before seeking professional health care.
Maintain scientific view of health and illness. Extended family support often disrupted by geographic
distance
Arab americans - ANS ✔✔Touch is generally only acceptable between members of same sex except
within the family. Considered rude to pass things with left hand (unclean). Considered rude to sit with
the sole of the shoe within view of someone.
Hospice - ANS ✔✔Specialized care provided to the dying
Denial - ANS ✔✔The person cannot believe the the diagnosis or prognosis. "No not me"
Anger - ANS ✔✔The person looks for a cause or fixes blame. "Why me?"
Bargaining - ANS ✔✔The wish is for extension of life, or later for relief from pain. Knows "good behavior
is often rewarded" "if I'm good, then i get a reward"
Depression - ANS ✔✔There is a sense of great loss. "It's hopeless"
Acceptance - ANS ✔✔The pain is gone, the struggle is over, and the patient has found peace "I'm ready"
Physical signs of dying patient - ANS ✔✔Pulse increases, becomes weaker and thready. BP declines and
skin of extremities becomes mottled, cool, and dusky. Respirations shallow and irregular
Death rattle - ANS ✔✔Secretions may pool in the lungs causing respirations to sound moist
Cheyne-Stokes respirations - ANS ✔✔Gradually become shallower and are followed by periods of apnea
(no breathing)
EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026/2027
Culture - ANS ✔✔A collection of beliefs, values, and assumptions about life that is shared and
maintained by a group of people and transmitted intergenerationally
Four features of culture - ANS ✔✔Culture is learned and acquired
Culture is shared by a group
Culture is incorporated into individuals' identity
Culture is dynamic
Spirituality - ANS ✔✔"Breath of life" Subjective experience that explains one's relationship to the
wholeness of the physical and non-physical world and the meaning of one's life
Religion - ANS ✔✔Formalized system of belief and worship
Roman catholic beliefs about birth - ANS ✔✔Babies must be baptized soon after birth because of the
belief that babies not baptized will not go to heaven. EVEN ABORTED FETUSES MUST BE BAPTIZED.
Roman catholic beliefs about holy eucharist - ANS ✔✔Patients receiving communion must NOT have
anything to eat or alcohol to drink 15 minutes before receiving consecrated wafer. IF DEATH IS
IMMINENT FASTING IS WAIVED.
Roman catholic beliefs about organ donation - ANS ✔✔Is acceptable if an individual is truly deceased,
and the person has given informed consent verified by a trusted source.
Eastern Orthodox beliefs about birth - ANS ✔✔Baby is baptized by immersion in water three times,
followed by anointing with chrism (holy oil)
Christian science beliefs - ANS ✔✔DO NOT TAKE MEDICATIONS.
Jehovah's witnesses beliefs - ANS ✔✔Abortion is forbidden, DO NOT TAKE BLOOD
TRANSFUSIONS/PRODUCTS, Organ transplant accepted but MUST be cleanses with non-blood solution.
Body MUST BE BURIED WITH ALL ITS PARTS (NO donation)
Church of Jesus Christ of latter day saints beliefs - ANS ✔✔A church elder must be notified in the event
of death. A sacred undergarment may be worn and should only be removed in an emergency
Seventh day adventist beliefs - ANS ✔✔The sabbath is observed on SATURDAY. Many are vegetarians,
and must avoid eating pork
Muslim beliefs about death - ANS ✔✔Patients must face mecca, confess sins, and beg forgiveness in the
presence of the family
Muslim beliefs about care of women - ANS ✔✔Women ARE NOT allowed to sign a consent form or make
decisions about family planning; therefore HUSBAND MUST BE PRESENT.
, Jewish beliefs about diet - ANS ✔✔Kosher, including not mixing milk and meat, using separate utensils
for milk and meat .
Cultural awareness - ANS ✔✔Developing understanding that health is expressed differently across
cultures, and that culture influences an individual's response to health, illness, disease, and death
Cultural sensitivity - ANS ✔✔The ability to engage and communicate with an individual from another
culture in a manner that demonstrates respect for their cultural norms and beliefs
Hispanic Americans - ANS ✔✔Values family over individual. Family system is PATRIARCHAL. Comforted
by touch. Considers the spiritual dimension of life to be important.
African Americans - ANS ✔✔Members of the church may be considered family. Family structure is often
MATRIARCHAL. Health and illness may be intertwined with religion.
American Indians - ANS ✔✔Believe illness occurs when there is disharmony of the individual,
environment or spirit world. Periods of silence and avoidance of eye contact show respect. Consults with
Shaman (medicine man)
European Americans - ANS ✔✔Often use home remedies before seeking professional health care.
Maintain scientific view of health and illness. Extended family support often disrupted by geographic
distance
Arab americans - ANS ✔✔Touch is generally only acceptable between members of same sex except
within the family. Considered rude to pass things with left hand (unclean). Considered rude to sit with
the sole of the shoe within view of someone.
Hospice - ANS ✔✔Specialized care provided to the dying
Denial - ANS ✔✔The person cannot believe the the diagnosis or prognosis. "No not me"
Anger - ANS ✔✔The person looks for a cause or fixes blame. "Why me?"
Bargaining - ANS ✔✔The wish is for extension of life, or later for relief from pain. Knows "good behavior
is often rewarded" "if I'm good, then i get a reward"
Depression - ANS ✔✔There is a sense of great loss. "It's hopeless"
Acceptance - ANS ✔✔The pain is gone, the struggle is over, and the patient has found peace "I'm ready"
Physical signs of dying patient - ANS ✔✔Pulse increases, becomes weaker and thready. BP declines and
skin of extremities becomes mottled, cool, and dusky. Respirations shallow and irregular
Death rattle - ANS ✔✔Secretions may pool in the lungs causing respirations to sound moist
Cheyne-Stokes respirations - ANS ✔✔Gradually become shallower and are followed by periods of apnea
(no breathing)
