NRl 568/l NR568l Finall Exam:l Advancedl
Pharmacologyl forl thel AGPCNPl Guidel
(Latestl 2026/l 2027l Update)l |l Qsl &l As|l
Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl (Verifiedl
Answers)-l Chamberlain
QUESTION
ergotaminel alkoloidl forl migraine
Answer:
2ndl linel treatmentl forl migraine
whenl clientsl arel notl responsivel tol triptans.l Theyl arel alsol usedl forl clusterl headaches.
QUESTION
ergotaminel moa
Answer:
Thel primaryl mechanisml ofl actionl ofl ergotaminel inl thel treatmentl ofl migrainel isl notl
fullyl understood.l Ergotaminel canl alterl transmissionl atl serotonergic,l dopaminergic,l andl
alpha-adrenergicl junctions.l Currentl evidencel revealsl thatl antimigrainel effectsl couldl bel
relatedl tol agonistl activityl atl serotoninl receptors.l Inl craniall arteries,l ergotaminel actsl
directlyl tol promotel constrictionl andl reducel thel amplitudel ofl pulsations.
QUESTION
ergotaminel indication/use
Answer:
Ergotl alkaloidsl arel second-linel agentsl tol abortl activel migrainesl inl clientsl notl responsivel
tol triptans.
Usedl duringl activel migrainesl whenl clientsl arel unresponsivel tol first-linel treatment.
Canl leadl tol ergotism.
,QUESTION
ergotl alkaloidl sidel effects
Answer:
QUESTION
ergotl alkaloidl blackl boxl warning
Answer:
canl causel intensel vasospasml andl subsequentl cerebrall orl peripherall ischemia.
QUESTION
ergotl alkaloidl dosing
Answer:
Sublinguall formulationsl arel administeredl asl onel tabletl (2l mg)l underl thel tonguel atl
migrainel onset.l Itl mayl bel repeatedl withl onel additionall tabletl atl 30-minutel intervalsl
twice.
Ergotaminel andl caffeinel arel dosedl atl onel tol twol tabletsl (1mg/100l mg)l atl migrainel
onset.l Onel tabletl mayl bel repeatedl atl 30-minutel intervalsl fourl morel times.
Suppositoryl formulationsl (ergotaminel tartrate)l arel dosedl atl 2l mg/100l mg,l withl onel
suppositoryl PRl atl migrainel onsetl andl repeatedl inl onel hourl ifl needed.
Dihydroergotaminel intranasall sprayl isl dosedl atl onel sprayl (0.5l mg)l inl eachl nostrill atl
migrainel onset.l Itl mayl bel repeatedl inl 15l minutes.
QUESTION
ergotaminel teaching
Answer:
Clientsl shouldl bel counseledl onl thel riskl ofl ergotism,l symptomsl tol monitor,l andl thel
needl tol seekl medicall attentionl immediatelyl ifl warningl signsl orl symptomsl develop.
,QUESTION
telll mel aboutl Serotoninl 1B/1Dl Receptorl Agonistsl (sumatriptanl [Imitrex])
Answer:
First-linel treatmentl forl activel migraines.
Directlyl stimulatesl serotoninl receptors.
Availablel inl injectable,l intranasal,l andl orall forms.l Canl causel coronaryl vasospasm.
Canl causel chestl symptomsl andl heavyl arms.
QUESTION
canl youl usel sumatriptanl orl ergotaminel inl pregnancy?
Answer:
Sumatriptanl wasl previouslyl classifiedl asl al Pregnancyl Riskl Categoryl Cl agent.l Itl shouldl
bel avoidedl inl pregnancyl unlessl necessary.
Ergotaminel wasl previouslyl classifiedl asl al Pregnancyl Riskl Categoryl Xl agent.l Itsl usel inl
pregnancyl isl contraindicatedl andl relatedl tol thel promotionl ofl uterinel contractions.
QUESTION
treatmentl forl mildl migraines
Answer:
NSAIDs,l acetaminophen,l aspirin,l orl caffeinel combinationsl arel indicatedl forl mildl tol
moderatel attacks
QUESTION
treatmentl forl severel migraines
Answer:
migraine-specificl medicationsl likel triptans,l ergotaminel derivatives,l antiemetics,l andl
CGRPl receptorl antagonistsl arel indicatedl forl severel attacks
QUESTION
, preventivel treatmentl forl migraines
Answer:
QUESTION
topiramatel (antiseizurel andl migrainel prophylaxis)
Answer:
broad-spectruml antiseizurel agent.l Seizurel reductionl occursl byl fourl mechanisms:l (1)l
potentiationl ofl GABA-mediatedl inhibition,l (2)l blockadel ofl voltage-dependentl sodiuml
channels,l (3)l blockadel ofl calciuml channels,l andl (4)l blockadel ofl receptorsl forl glutamate,l
anl excitatoryl neurotransmitter.
QUESTION
topiramatel adversel effects
Answer:
somnolence,l dizziness,l ataxia,l nervousness,l diplopia,l nausea,l anorexia,l andl weightl loss.l
Cognitivel effectsl (confusion,l memoryl difficulties,l alteredl thinking,l reducedl concentration,l
difficultyl findingl words)l canl occur,l butl thel incidencel isl lowl atl recommendedl dosages.l
Kidneyl stonesl andl paresthesiasl occurl rarely.
Topiramatel canl causel metabolicl acidosis.l Thel drugl inhibitsl carbonicl anhydrasel andl
therebyl increasesl renall excretionl ofl bicarbonate,l whichl causesl plasmal pHl tol fall.l
Hyperventilationl isl thel mostl characteristicl symptom
QUESTION
zonisamidel inhibits
Answer:
inhibitsl carbonicl anhydrasel andl canl therebyl causel metabolicl acidosis.l Thel conditionl
developsl inl upl tol 90%l ofl childrenl andl 43%l ofl adults,l usuallyl earlyl inl treatment.
QUESTION
Pharmacologyl forl thel AGPCNPl Guidel
(Latestl 2026/l 2027l Update)l |l Qsl &l As|l
Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl (Verifiedl
Answers)-l Chamberlain
QUESTION
ergotaminel alkoloidl forl migraine
Answer:
2ndl linel treatmentl forl migraine
whenl clientsl arel notl responsivel tol triptans.l Theyl arel alsol usedl forl clusterl headaches.
QUESTION
ergotaminel moa
Answer:
Thel primaryl mechanisml ofl actionl ofl ergotaminel inl thel treatmentl ofl migrainel isl notl
fullyl understood.l Ergotaminel canl alterl transmissionl atl serotonergic,l dopaminergic,l andl
alpha-adrenergicl junctions.l Currentl evidencel revealsl thatl antimigrainel effectsl couldl bel
relatedl tol agonistl activityl atl serotoninl receptors.l Inl craniall arteries,l ergotaminel actsl
directlyl tol promotel constrictionl andl reducel thel amplitudel ofl pulsations.
QUESTION
ergotaminel indication/use
Answer:
Ergotl alkaloidsl arel second-linel agentsl tol abortl activel migrainesl inl clientsl notl responsivel
tol triptans.
Usedl duringl activel migrainesl whenl clientsl arel unresponsivel tol first-linel treatment.
Canl leadl tol ergotism.
,QUESTION
ergotl alkaloidl sidel effects
Answer:
QUESTION
ergotl alkaloidl blackl boxl warning
Answer:
canl causel intensel vasospasml andl subsequentl cerebrall orl peripherall ischemia.
QUESTION
ergotl alkaloidl dosing
Answer:
Sublinguall formulationsl arel administeredl asl onel tabletl (2l mg)l underl thel tonguel atl
migrainel onset.l Itl mayl bel repeatedl withl onel additionall tabletl atl 30-minutel intervalsl
twice.
Ergotaminel andl caffeinel arel dosedl atl onel tol twol tabletsl (1mg/100l mg)l atl migrainel
onset.l Onel tabletl mayl bel repeatedl atl 30-minutel intervalsl fourl morel times.
Suppositoryl formulationsl (ergotaminel tartrate)l arel dosedl atl 2l mg/100l mg,l withl onel
suppositoryl PRl atl migrainel onsetl andl repeatedl inl onel hourl ifl needed.
Dihydroergotaminel intranasall sprayl isl dosedl atl onel sprayl (0.5l mg)l inl eachl nostrill atl
migrainel onset.l Itl mayl bel repeatedl inl 15l minutes.
QUESTION
ergotaminel teaching
Answer:
Clientsl shouldl bel counseledl onl thel riskl ofl ergotism,l symptomsl tol monitor,l andl thel
needl tol seekl medicall attentionl immediatelyl ifl warningl signsl orl symptomsl develop.
,QUESTION
telll mel aboutl Serotoninl 1B/1Dl Receptorl Agonistsl (sumatriptanl [Imitrex])
Answer:
First-linel treatmentl forl activel migraines.
Directlyl stimulatesl serotoninl receptors.
Availablel inl injectable,l intranasal,l andl orall forms.l Canl causel coronaryl vasospasm.
Canl causel chestl symptomsl andl heavyl arms.
QUESTION
canl youl usel sumatriptanl orl ergotaminel inl pregnancy?
Answer:
Sumatriptanl wasl previouslyl classifiedl asl al Pregnancyl Riskl Categoryl Cl agent.l Itl shouldl
bel avoidedl inl pregnancyl unlessl necessary.
Ergotaminel wasl previouslyl classifiedl asl al Pregnancyl Riskl Categoryl Xl agent.l Itsl usel inl
pregnancyl isl contraindicatedl andl relatedl tol thel promotionl ofl uterinel contractions.
QUESTION
treatmentl forl mildl migraines
Answer:
NSAIDs,l acetaminophen,l aspirin,l orl caffeinel combinationsl arel indicatedl forl mildl tol
moderatel attacks
QUESTION
treatmentl forl severel migraines
Answer:
migraine-specificl medicationsl likel triptans,l ergotaminel derivatives,l antiemetics,l andl
CGRPl receptorl antagonistsl arel indicatedl forl severel attacks
QUESTION
, preventivel treatmentl forl migraines
Answer:
QUESTION
topiramatel (antiseizurel andl migrainel prophylaxis)
Answer:
broad-spectruml antiseizurel agent.l Seizurel reductionl occursl byl fourl mechanisms:l (1)l
potentiationl ofl GABA-mediatedl inhibition,l (2)l blockadel ofl voltage-dependentl sodiuml
channels,l (3)l blockadel ofl calciuml channels,l andl (4)l blockadel ofl receptorsl forl glutamate,l
anl excitatoryl neurotransmitter.
QUESTION
topiramatel adversel effects
Answer:
somnolence,l dizziness,l ataxia,l nervousness,l diplopia,l nausea,l anorexia,l andl weightl loss.l
Cognitivel effectsl (confusion,l memoryl difficulties,l alteredl thinking,l reducedl concentration,l
difficultyl findingl words)l canl occur,l butl thel incidencel isl lowl atl recommendedl dosages.l
Kidneyl stonesl andl paresthesiasl occurl rarely.
Topiramatel canl causel metabolicl acidosis.l Thel drugl inhibitsl carbonicl anhydrasel andl
therebyl increasesl renall excretionl ofl bicarbonate,l whichl causesl plasmal pHl tol fall.l
Hyperventilationl isl thel mostl characteristicl symptom
QUESTION
zonisamidel inhibits
Answer:
inhibitsl carbonicl anhydrasel andl canl therebyl causel metabolicl acidosis.l Thel conditionl
developsl inl upl tol 90%l ofl childrenl andl 43%l ofl adults,l usuallyl earlyl inl treatment.
QUESTION
