NSG 2610 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
(XL) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2026 - 2027
Carina - ANSWERS-Anatomical structure where trachea bifurcates.
Intubation Indications - ANSWERS-Criteria for airway management
intervention.
Inability to Maintain Airway Protection - ANSWERS-Inability to
prevent aspiration or airway obstruction.
GCS ≤ 8 - ANSWERS-Glasgow Coma Scale indicating severe
impairment.
Inability to Maintain Oxygenation - ANSWERS-Failure to achieve
adequate oxygen levels.
Severe Hypoxia - ANSWERS-Low oxygen saturation despite high-
flow oxygen.
Inability to Ventilate - ANSWERS-Difficulty in effective breathing or
gas exchange.
,Severe Respiratory Distress - ANSWERS-Signs include tachypnea
and accessory muscle use.
Airway Obstruction - ANSWERS-Blockage preventing airflow, e.g.,
swelling or foreign body.
Anticipated Clinical Deterioration - ANSWERS-Expected worsening
of patient condition.
ABG Analysis - ANSWERS-Blood test measuring gases in the
bloodstream.
Hypoxemia - ANSWERS-Low arterial oxygen tension (PaO₂ < 60
mmHg).
Hypercapnia - ANSWERS-Elevated carbon dioxide levels (PaCO₂ >
50 mmHg).
Severe Acidemia - ANSWERS-pH < 7.20 indicating respiratory
failure.
Worsening Respiratory Acidosis - ANSWERS-Increasing PaCO₂ with
decreasing pH despite treatment.
Atelectasis - ANSWERS-Collapse of alveoli leading to reduced gas
exchange.
, Rib Fractures Management - ANSWERS-Teach splinting and pain
control for deep breathing.
Incentive Spirometer - ANSWERS-Device to encourage lung
expansion through deep breaths.
Prone Positioning - ANSWERS-Patient lies face down to improve
oxygenation.
Spinal Cord Compression Treatment - ANSWERS-High-dose
corticosteroids to reduce swelling.
Surgical Decompression - ANSWERS-Procedure to relieve pressure
on spinal cord.
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome - ANSWERS-Condition causing facial
edema and dyspnea.
Tumor Lysis Syndrome - ANSWERS-Rapid cell death causing
electrolyte imbalances.
Hyperkalemia - ANSWERS-Elevated potassium levels, dangerous for
heart function.
(XL) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2026 - 2027
Carina - ANSWERS-Anatomical structure where trachea bifurcates.
Intubation Indications - ANSWERS-Criteria for airway management
intervention.
Inability to Maintain Airway Protection - ANSWERS-Inability to
prevent aspiration or airway obstruction.
GCS ≤ 8 - ANSWERS-Glasgow Coma Scale indicating severe
impairment.
Inability to Maintain Oxygenation - ANSWERS-Failure to achieve
adequate oxygen levels.
Severe Hypoxia - ANSWERS-Low oxygen saturation despite high-
flow oxygen.
Inability to Ventilate - ANSWERS-Difficulty in effective breathing or
gas exchange.
,Severe Respiratory Distress - ANSWERS-Signs include tachypnea
and accessory muscle use.
Airway Obstruction - ANSWERS-Blockage preventing airflow, e.g.,
swelling or foreign body.
Anticipated Clinical Deterioration - ANSWERS-Expected worsening
of patient condition.
ABG Analysis - ANSWERS-Blood test measuring gases in the
bloodstream.
Hypoxemia - ANSWERS-Low arterial oxygen tension (PaO₂ < 60
mmHg).
Hypercapnia - ANSWERS-Elevated carbon dioxide levels (PaCO₂ >
50 mmHg).
Severe Acidemia - ANSWERS-pH < 7.20 indicating respiratory
failure.
Worsening Respiratory Acidosis - ANSWERS-Increasing PaCO₂ with
decreasing pH despite treatment.
Atelectasis - ANSWERS-Collapse of alveoli leading to reduced gas
exchange.
, Rib Fractures Management - ANSWERS-Teach splinting and pain
control for deep breathing.
Incentive Spirometer - ANSWERS-Device to encourage lung
expansion through deep breaths.
Prone Positioning - ANSWERS-Patient lies face down to improve
oxygenation.
Spinal Cord Compression Treatment - ANSWERS-High-dose
corticosteroids to reduce swelling.
Surgical Decompression - ANSWERS-Procedure to relieve pressure
on spinal cord.
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome - ANSWERS-Condition causing facial
edema and dyspnea.
Tumor Lysis Syndrome - ANSWERS-Rapid cell death causing
electrolyte imbalances.
Hyperkalemia - ANSWERS-Elevated potassium levels, dangerous for
heart function.
