CAMPBELL BIOLOGY 12th EDITION – TEST BANK
Chapters 6-10 (2026/2027 Edition)
By Lisa A. Urry et al. • Cell Biology & Energy Chapters
250 Questions with Correct Answers & Rationale
Format: 250 multiple-choice questions (single best answer, A–D), 50 per chapter.
Structure: Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell; Ch 7 Membrane Structure & Function; Ch 8
Metabolism; Ch 9 Cellular Respiration; Ch 10 Photosynthesis.
Cognitive ~30% recall • ~50% application • ~20% analysis.
levels:
Grading: One point per question; correct answer and rationale provided after each
item.
Special 10+ diagram-interpretation items per chapter; 5 real-world application items
inclusions: per chapter; comprehensive cross-chapter synthesis questions (respiration
vs. photosynthesis; membrane transport & metabolism).
Important This is an independent practice test bank developed for educational study
note: purposes and is not affiliated with, or endorsed by, the publishers of Campbell
Biology.
, Chapter 6: A Tour of the Cell (50 questions)
Q1: Which structure is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
A. Plasma membrane [CORRECT]
B. Nucleus
C. Mitochondrion
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A is correct: all cells have a plasma membrane. B, C, and D are absent in prokaryotes.
Q2: Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?
A. Lysosome
B. Ribosome [CORRECT]
C. Peroxisome
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A is correct: ribosomes synthesize proteins. B, C, and D have other functions.
Q3: The nuclear envelope is best described as:
A. A single membrane continuous with the ER
B. A membrane that is impermeable
C. A double membrane with pores that regulate molecular traffic [CORRECT]
D. A membrane only present during mitosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A is correct: the nuclear envelope is a double membrane with pores. B, C, and D are incorrect.
Q4: Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to
other organelles?
A. Mitochondrion
B. Peroxisome
C. Centrosome
D. Golgi apparatus [CORRECT]
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A is correct: the Golgi apparatus modifies and packages macromolecules. B, C, and D have
different functions.
Q5: Which organelle contains enzymes that digest macromolecules using hydrolysis and is the site
of intracellular digestion?
A. Lysosome [CORRECT]
B. Nucleus
C. Chloroplast
D. Mitochondrion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A is correct: lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes. B, C, and D have other functions.
Campbell Biology 12e Test Bank – Chapters 6-10 (2026/2027) Page 2
, Q6: Smooth ER is primarily involved in:
A. Protein synthesis on ribosomes
B. Lipid synthesis, detoxification, and calcium storage [CORRECT]
C. DNA replication
D. ATP production
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A is correct: smooth ER synthesizes lipids and detoxifies. B is rough ER; C and D are other
organelles.
Q7: Rough ER is studded with which structures?
A. Lysosomes
B. Chloroplasts
C. Ribosomes [CORRECT]
D. Flagella
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A is correct: rough ER has bound ribosomes. B, C, and D are not attached to rough ER.
Q8: Which organelle is the primary site of ATP synthesis via cellular respiration?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Nucleus
C. Lysosome
D. Mitochondrion [CORRECT]
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A is correct: mitochondria produce ATP. B, C, and D are incorrect.
Q9: Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?
A. Chloroplast [CORRECT]
B. Mitochondrion
C. Peroxisome
D. Centriole
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A is correct: chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis. B, C, and D are incorrect.
Q10: Peroxisomes function to:
A. Synthesize proteins
B. Detoxify alcohol and other harmful molecules using oxidative reactions [CORRECT]
C. Store genetic material
D. Produce ATP
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A is correct: peroxisomes use oxygen to detoxify molecules. B, C, and D are incorrect.
Q11: The cytoskeleton is composed of which three main types of fibers?
A. Actin, myosin, and collagen
B. Tubulin, keratin, and hemoglobin
C. Microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments [CORRECT]
D. Cilia, flagella, and centrioles
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A is correct: the cytoskeleton has microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. B, C,
and D are incorrect.
Campbell Biology 12e Test Bank – Chapters 6-10 (2026/2027) Page 3
, Q12: Which cytoskeletal component is involved in chromosome movement during cell division?
A. Microfilaments
B. Intermediate filaments
C. Ribosomes
D. Microtubules (spindle fibers) [CORRECT]
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A is correct: microtubules form the spindle. B and C have other roles; D is not cytoskeletal.
Q13: The main component of microfilaments is:
A. Actin [CORRECT]
B. Tubulin
C. Keratin
D. Myosin only
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A is correct: microfilaments are made of actin. B is tubulin; C is intermediate filaments.
Q14: Cilia and flagella are composed primarily of:
A. Microfilaments
B. Microtubules arranged in a 9+2 pattern [CORRECT]
C. Intermediate filaments
D. Ribosomes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A is correct: cilia and flagella have a 9+2 microtubule arrangement. B, C, and D are incorrect.
Q15: Which cell junction forms a watertight seal between adjacent epithelial cells?
A. Desmosome
B. Gap junction
C. Tight junction [CORRECT]
D. Plasmodesmata
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A is correct: tight junctions form impermeable seals. B anchors cells; C allows communication; D
is in plants.
Q16: Gap junctions and plasmodesmata both function to:
A. Prevent water leakage between cells
B. Anchor cells to the extracellular matrix
C. Provide mechanical strength only
D. Allow communication/transport between adjacent cells [CORRECT]
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A is correct: gap junctions (animals) and plasmodesmata (plants) allow intercellular
communication. B, C, and D describe other junctions.
Q17: The nucleolus is the site of:
A. Ribosomal RNA synthesis [CORRECT]
B. ATP production
C. Lipid synthesis
D. Protein degradation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A is correct: the nucleolus produces rRNA and assembles ribosomal subunits. B, C, and D are
incorrect.
Campbell Biology 12e Test Bank – Chapters 6-10 (2026/2027) Page 4
Chapters 6-10 (2026/2027 Edition)
By Lisa A. Urry et al. • Cell Biology & Energy Chapters
250 Questions with Correct Answers & Rationale
Format: 250 multiple-choice questions (single best answer, A–D), 50 per chapter.
Structure: Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell; Ch 7 Membrane Structure & Function; Ch 8
Metabolism; Ch 9 Cellular Respiration; Ch 10 Photosynthesis.
Cognitive ~30% recall • ~50% application • ~20% analysis.
levels:
Grading: One point per question; correct answer and rationale provided after each
item.
Special 10+ diagram-interpretation items per chapter; 5 real-world application items
inclusions: per chapter; comprehensive cross-chapter synthesis questions (respiration
vs. photosynthesis; membrane transport & metabolism).
Important This is an independent practice test bank developed for educational study
note: purposes and is not affiliated with, or endorsed by, the publishers of Campbell
Biology.
, Chapter 6: A Tour of the Cell (50 questions)
Q1: Which structure is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
A. Plasma membrane [CORRECT]
B. Nucleus
C. Mitochondrion
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A is correct: all cells have a plasma membrane. B, C, and D are absent in prokaryotes.
Q2: Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?
A. Lysosome
B. Ribosome [CORRECT]
C. Peroxisome
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A is correct: ribosomes synthesize proteins. B, C, and D have other functions.
Q3: The nuclear envelope is best described as:
A. A single membrane continuous with the ER
B. A membrane that is impermeable
C. A double membrane with pores that regulate molecular traffic [CORRECT]
D. A membrane only present during mitosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A is correct: the nuclear envelope is a double membrane with pores. B, C, and D are incorrect.
Q4: Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to
other organelles?
A. Mitochondrion
B. Peroxisome
C. Centrosome
D. Golgi apparatus [CORRECT]
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A is correct: the Golgi apparatus modifies and packages macromolecules. B, C, and D have
different functions.
Q5: Which organelle contains enzymes that digest macromolecules using hydrolysis and is the site
of intracellular digestion?
A. Lysosome [CORRECT]
B. Nucleus
C. Chloroplast
D. Mitochondrion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A is correct: lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes. B, C, and D have other functions.
Campbell Biology 12e Test Bank – Chapters 6-10 (2026/2027) Page 2
, Q6: Smooth ER is primarily involved in:
A. Protein synthesis on ribosomes
B. Lipid synthesis, detoxification, and calcium storage [CORRECT]
C. DNA replication
D. ATP production
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A is correct: smooth ER synthesizes lipids and detoxifies. B is rough ER; C and D are other
organelles.
Q7: Rough ER is studded with which structures?
A. Lysosomes
B. Chloroplasts
C. Ribosomes [CORRECT]
D. Flagella
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A is correct: rough ER has bound ribosomes. B, C, and D are not attached to rough ER.
Q8: Which organelle is the primary site of ATP synthesis via cellular respiration?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Nucleus
C. Lysosome
D. Mitochondrion [CORRECT]
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A is correct: mitochondria produce ATP. B, C, and D are incorrect.
Q9: Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?
A. Chloroplast [CORRECT]
B. Mitochondrion
C. Peroxisome
D. Centriole
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A is correct: chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis. B, C, and D are incorrect.
Q10: Peroxisomes function to:
A. Synthesize proteins
B. Detoxify alcohol and other harmful molecules using oxidative reactions [CORRECT]
C. Store genetic material
D. Produce ATP
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A is correct: peroxisomes use oxygen to detoxify molecules. B, C, and D are incorrect.
Q11: The cytoskeleton is composed of which three main types of fibers?
A. Actin, myosin, and collagen
B. Tubulin, keratin, and hemoglobin
C. Microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments [CORRECT]
D. Cilia, flagella, and centrioles
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A is correct: the cytoskeleton has microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. B, C,
and D are incorrect.
Campbell Biology 12e Test Bank – Chapters 6-10 (2026/2027) Page 3
, Q12: Which cytoskeletal component is involved in chromosome movement during cell division?
A. Microfilaments
B. Intermediate filaments
C. Ribosomes
D. Microtubules (spindle fibers) [CORRECT]
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A is correct: microtubules form the spindle. B and C have other roles; D is not cytoskeletal.
Q13: The main component of microfilaments is:
A. Actin [CORRECT]
B. Tubulin
C. Keratin
D. Myosin only
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A is correct: microfilaments are made of actin. B is tubulin; C is intermediate filaments.
Q14: Cilia and flagella are composed primarily of:
A. Microfilaments
B. Microtubules arranged in a 9+2 pattern [CORRECT]
C. Intermediate filaments
D. Ribosomes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A is correct: cilia and flagella have a 9+2 microtubule arrangement. B, C, and D are incorrect.
Q15: Which cell junction forms a watertight seal between adjacent epithelial cells?
A. Desmosome
B. Gap junction
C. Tight junction [CORRECT]
D. Plasmodesmata
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A is correct: tight junctions form impermeable seals. B anchors cells; C allows communication; D
is in plants.
Q16: Gap junctions and plasmodesmata both function to:
A. Prevent water leakage between cells
B. Anchor cells to the extracellular matrix
C. Provide mechanical strength only
D. Allow communication/transport between adjacent cells [CORRECT]
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A is correct: gap junctions (animals) and plasmodesmata (plants) allow intercellular
communication. B, C, and D describe other junctions.
Q17: The nucleolus is the site of:
A. Ribosomal RNA synthesis [CORRECT]
B. ATP production
C. Lipid synthesis
D. Protein degradation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A is correct: the nucleolus produces rRNA and assembles ribosomal subunits. B, C, and D are
incorrect.
Campbell Biology 12e Test Bank – Chapters 6-10 (2026/2027) Page 4
