NRl 547/l NR547l Finall Exam:l Differentiall
Diagnosisl inl Psychiatric-Mentall Healthl
Acrossl thel Lifespanl Practicuml Guidel
(Latestl 2026/l 2027l Update)l |l Qsl &l As|l
Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl (Verifiedl
Answers)-l Chamberlain
QUESTION
Goalsl forl Neurocognitivel Dysfunction
Answer:
Slowl progressionl (medications,l lifestylel changes);l Maintainl functionl &l independence;l
Managel behaviorall symptoms;l Providel caregiverl supportl &l education
QUESTION
Importancel ofl Individualizationl inl Treatmentl Plans
Answer:
Considerl comorbidities,l patient/caregiverl preferences,l safety;l Adjustl medicationsl basedl onl
tolerance,l sidel effects,l stagel ofl dementia;l Usel non-pharmacologicall approachesl wheneverl
possible
QUESTION
Etiologyl ofl Delirium:l Il WATCHl DEATHl Mnemonic
Answer:
Infectionl (UTI,l pneumonia),l Withdrawall (alcohol,l benzos),l Acutel metabolicl (electrolytes,l
glucose),l Traumal (headl injury),l CNSl pathologyl (stroke,l tumor),l Hypoxia,l Drugsl
(anticholinergics,l opioids),l Endocrinel (thyroid,l adrenal),l Acutel vascularl (shock,l
vasculitis),l Toxins,l Heavyl metals
,QUESTION
Rolel &l Treatmentl ofl Sleepl inl Delirium
Answer:
Disruptedl sleep-wakel cyclel worsensl delirium;l Non-Pharmacologicall Strategies:l Consistentl
sleepl schedule,l Brightl lightl therapyl (morningl exposure),l Reducel nighttimel disturbances;l
Pharmacologicall (ifl necessary):l Melatoninl (first-line)l orl Low-dosel Trazodone;l Avoidl
benzodiazepinesl unlessl withdrawal-related
QUESTION
Long-terml Memory
Answer:
Abilityl tol rememberl eventsl andl informationl froml thel distantl past.l Thisl isl usuallyl
preservedl inl thel earlyl stagesl ofl dementia.
QUESTION
Short-terml Memory
Answer:
Involvesl rememberingl recentl eventsl orl information.l Inl earlyl dementia,l thisl isl oftenl thel
firstl areal tol bel affected.
QUESTION
Attention/Concentration
Answer:
Canl bel impairedl inl dementia,l leadingl tol difficultyl followingl conversationsl orl
performingl complexl tasks.
QUESTION
Languagel Skills
,Answer:
Includesl speakingl andl understandingl language.l Inl dementia,l thisl mayl involvel word-
findingl difficultiesl orl comprehensionl problems.
QUESTION
Executivel Function
Answer:
Higher-levell cognitivel skillsl likel planning,l problem-solving,l andl judgment.l Executivel
functionl mayl declinel significantlyl inl dementia.
QUESTION
Visuospatiall Skills
Answer:
Involvesl perceivingl objectsl andl theirl relationshipsl inl space.l Thesel arel oftenl impairedl inl
typesl ofl demential likel Alzheimer'sl andl Lewyl bodyl dementia.
QUESTION
MOCAl Scale
Answer:
Montreall Cognitivel Assessmentl usedl tol screenl forl mildl cognitivel impairmentl (MCI)l orl
earlyl signsl ofl dementia.
QUESTION
Indicationsl ofl MOCA
Answer:
Usedl tol screenl forl mildl cognitivel impairmentl (MCI)l orl earlyl signsl ofl dementia.
QUESTION
, Domainsl ofl MOCA
Answer:
Attentionl andl concentration,l Executivel functionsl (e.g.,l planning,l reasoning),l Memoryl
(short-terml andl workingl memory),l Language,l Visuospatiall abilities,l Delayedl recall,l
Orientationl (timel andl place).
QUESTION
Scoringl ofl MOCA
Answer:
Totall scorel isl outl ofl 30:l ≥26l isl consideredl normall andl <26l suggestsl cognitivel
impairment.
QUESTION
Treatmentl Indicationsl forl MOCA
Answer:
Al scorel belowl 26l mayl warrantl furtherl diagnosticl testingl (e.g.,l neuroimaging,l labs)l andl
referrall forl neuropsychologicall testing.
QUESTION
Delirium
Answer:
Acutel andl fluctuatingl confusion,l oftenl causedl byl medicall conditionsl suchl asl infections,l
metabolicl imbalances,l orl medicationl sidel effects.
QUESTION
Polypharmacy
Answer:
Thel usel ofl multiplel medicationsl whichl canl leadl tol confusion,l especiallyl inl olderl adults.
Diagnosisl inl Psychiatric-Mentall Healthl
Acrossl thel Lifespanl Practicuml Guidel
(Latestl 2026/l 2027l Update)l |l Qsl &l As|l
Gradel A|l 100%l Correctl (Verifiedl
Answers)-l Chamberlain
QUESTION
Goalsl forl Neurocognitivel Dysfunction
Answer:
Slowl progressionl (medications,l lifestylel changes);l Maintainl functionl &l independence;l
Managel behaviorall symptoms;l Providel caregiverl supportl &l education
QUESTION
Importancel ofl Individualizationl inl Treatmentl Plans
Answer:
Considerl comorbidities,l patient/caregiverl preferences,l safety;l Adjustl medicationsl basedl onl
tolerance,l sidel effects,l stagel ofl dementia;l Usel non-pharmacologicall approachesl wheneverl
possible
QUESTION
Etiologyl ofl Delirium:l Il WATCHl DEATHl Mnemonic
Answer:
Infectionl (UTI,l pneumonia),l Withdrawall (alcohol,l benzos),l Acutel metabolicl (electrolytes,l
glucose),l Traumal (headl injury),l CNSl pathologyl (stroke,l tumor),l Hypoxia,l Drugsl
(anticholinergics,l opioids),l Endocrinel (thyroid,l adrenal),l Acutel vascularl (shock,l
vasculitis),l Toxins,l Heavyl metals
,QUESTION
Rolel &l Treatmentl ofl Sleepl inl Delirium
Answer:
Disruptedl sleep-wakel cyclel worsensl delirium;l Non-Pharmacologicall Strategies:l Consistentl
sleepl schedule,l Brightl lightl therapyl (morningl exposure),l Reducel nighttimel disturbances;l
Pharmacologicall (ifl necessary):l Melatoninl (first-line)l orl Low-dosel Trazodone;l Avoidl
benzodiazepinesl unlessl withdrawal-related
QUESTION
Long-terml Memory
Answer:
Abilityl tol rememberl eventsl andl informationl froml thel distantl past.l Thisl isl usuallyl
preservedl inl thel earlyl stagesl ofl dementia.
QUESTION
Short-terml Memory
Answer:
Involvesl rememberingl recentl eventsl orl information.l Inl earlyl dementia,l thisl isl oftenl thel
firstl areal tol bel affected.
QUESTION
Attention/Concentration
Answer:
Canl bel impairedl inl dementia,l leadingl tol difficultyl followingl conversationsl orl
performingl complexl tasks.
QUESTION
Languagel Skills
,Answer:
Includesl speakingl andl understandingl language.l Inl dementia,l thisl mayl involvel word-
findingl difficultiesl orl comprehensionl problems.
QUESTION
Executivel Function
Answer:
Higher-levell cognitivel skillsl likel planning,l problem-solving,l andl judgment.l Executivel
functionl mayl declinel significantlyl inl dementia.
QUESTION
Visuospatiall Skills
Answer:
Involvesl perceivingl objectsl andl theirl relationshipsl inl space.l Thesel arel oftenl impairedl inl
typesl ofl demential likel Alzheimer'sl andl Lewyl bodyl dementia.
QUESTION
MOCAl Scale
Answer:
Montreall Cognitivel Assessmentl usedl tol screenl forl mildl cognitivel impairmentl (MCI)l orl
earlyl signsl ofl dementia.
QUESTION
Indicationsl ofl MOCA
Answer:
Usedl tol screenl forl mildl cognitivel impairmentl (MCI)l orl earlyl signsl ofl dementia.
QUESTION
, Domainsl ofl MOCA
Answer:
Attentionl andl concentration,l Executivel functionsl (e.g.,l planning,l reasoning),l Memoryl
(short-terml andl workingl memory),l Language,l Visuospatiall abilities,l Delayedl recall,l
Orientationl (timel andl place).
QUESTION
Scoringl ofl MOCA
Answer:
Totall scorel isl outl ofl 30:l ≥26l isl consideredl normall andl <26l suggestsl cognitivel
impairment.
QUESTION
Treatmentl Indicationsl forl MOCA
Answer:
Al scorel belowl 26l mayl warrantl furtherl diagnosticl testingl (e.g.,l neuroimaging,l labs)l andl
referrall forl neuropsychologicall testing.
QUESTION
Delirium
Answer:
Acutel andl fluctuatingl confusion,l oftenl causedl byl medicall conditionsl suchl asl infections,l
metabolicl imbalances,l orl medicationl sidel effects.
QUESTION
Polypharmacy
Answer:
Thel usel ofl multiplel medicationsl whichl canl leadl tol confusion,l especiallyl inl olderl adults.
