Pathophysiology Midterm Exam Ques ons and Answers
| Comprehensive Study Guide | Latest 2026
Rheumatoid Arthri s - CORRECT ANSWER Chronic inflammatory disorder affec ng joints.
CBC - CORRECT ANSWER Complete blood count measuring blood components.
Hgb - CORRECT ANSWER Hemoglobin concentra on in blood, measured in g/dL.
Hct - CORRECT ANSWER Hematocrit percentage of red blood cells.
MCV - CORRECT ANSWER Mean corpuscular volume of red blood cells.
Platelet Count - CORRECT ANSWER Number of platelets per microliter of blood.
WBC Count - CORRECT ANSWER Total white blood cells per microliter.
Serum Haptoglobin - CORRECT ANSWER Protein that binds free hemoglobin in blood.
Serum Iron Concentra on - CORRECT ANSWER Amount of iron in serum, measured in
micrograms/dL.
,Total Iron Binding Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER Maximum amount of iron that can bind to
transferrin.
Percent Satura on - CORRECT ANSWER Percentage of transferrin saturated with iron.
Serum Ferri n Concentra on - CORRECT ANSWER Indicator of stored iron in the body.
Re culocyte Concentra on - CORRECT ANSWER Percentage of immature red blood cells in
circula on.
Beta-Thalassemia Major - CORRECT ANSWER Severe form of thalassemia causing anemia.
Anemia of Chronic Disease - CORRECT ANSWER Anemia associated with chronic
inflammatory condi ons.
Acute Blood Loss Anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Anemia due to sudden loss of blood.
Iron Deficiency Anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Anemia caused by insufficient iron.
Petechial Hemorrhages - CORRECT ANSWER Small red or purple spots from bleeding
under skin.
Bone Marrow Examina on - CORRECT ANSWER Procedure to assess bone marrow health
and func on.
Overwhelming Bacterial Infec on - CORRECT ANSWER Severe infec on leading to
systemic symptoms.
,Aplas c Anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Failure of bone marrow to produce blood cells.
Sickle Cells - CORRECT ANSWER Abnormally shaped red blood cells in sickle cell disease.
Le Ventricular Hypertrophy - CORRECT ANSWER Thickening of the heart's le ventricle
due to pressure.
Aor c Stenosis - CORRECT ANSWER Narrowing of the aor c valve affec ng blood flow.
Aor c Dissec on - CORRECT ANSWER Tear in the aorta's inner layer causing severe pain.
Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER Heart rate over 100 bpm, o en symptoma c.
AV Dissocia on - CORRECT ANSWER Atria and ventricles beat independently.
Nonsustained Supraventricular Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER Intermi ent rapid heart
rate from atria.
Sustained Wide Complex Atrial Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER Persistent rapid atrial
rhythm with wide QRS.
Wide Complex Ventricular Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER Rapid ventricular rhythm with
wide QRS complexes.
Narrow Complex Ventricular Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER Rapid ventricular rhythm
with narrow QRS complexes.
, Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy - CORRECT ANSWER Heart muscle disease with
unknown cause, leads to dila on.
Ejec on Frac on - CORRECT ANSWER Percentage of blood pumped from heart per beat.
Mitral Valve Regurgita on - CORRECT ANSWER Backward flow of blood from le ventricle
to atrium.
Tricuspid Valve Regurgita on - CORRECT ANSWER Backward flow of blood from right
ventricle to atrium.
Bradycardia - CORRECT ANSWER Heart rate under 60 bpm, can indicate pathology.
Blocked Pathway at AV Node - CORRECT ANSWER Interrup on in electrical conduc on
below atrioventricular node.
Blocked Pathway at SA Node - CORRECT ANSWER Interrup on in electrical conduc on at
sinoatrial node.
Reentry Pathway - CORRECT ANSWER Electrical impulse reenters a previous conduc on
pathway.
Paravalvular Leak - CORRECT ANSWER Leakage around a prosthe c heart valve.
Aor c Stenosis - CORRECT ANSWER Narrowing of the aor c valve, obstructs blood flow.
| Comprehensive Study Guide | Latest 2026
Rheumatoid Arthri s - CORRECT ANSWER Chronic inflammatory disorder affec ng joints.
CBC - CORRECT ANSWER Complete blood count measuring blood components.
Hgb - CORRECT ANSWER Hemoglobin concentra on in blood, measured in g/dL.
Hct - CORRECT ANSWER Hematocrit percentage of red blood cells.
MCV - CORRECT ANSWER Mean corpuscular volume of red blood cells.
Platelet Count - CORRECT ANSWER Number of platelets per microliter of blood.
WBC Count - CORRECT ANSWER Total white blood cells per microliter.
Serum Haptoglobin - CORRECT ANSWER Protein that binds free hemoglobin in blood.
Serum Iron Concentra on - CORRECT ANSWER Amount of iron in serum, measured in
micrograms/dL.
,Total Iron Binding Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER Maximum amount of iron that can bind to
transferrin.
Percent Satura on - CORRECT ANSWER Percentage of transferrin saturated with iron.
Serum Ferri n Concentra on - CORRECT ANSWER Indicator of stored iron in the body.
Re culocyte Concentra on - CORRECT ANSWER Percentage of immature red blood cells in
circula on.
Beta-Thalassemia Major - CORRECT ANSWER Severe form of thalassemia causing anemia.
Anemia of Chronic Disease - CORRECT ANSWER Anemia associated with chronic
inflammatory condi ons.
Acute Blood Loss Anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Anemia due to sudden loss of blood.
Iron Deficiency Anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Anemia caused by insufficient iron.
Petechial Hemorrhages - CORRECT ANSWER Small red or purple spots from bleeding
under skin.
Bone Marrow Examina on - CORRECT ANSWER Procedure to assess bone marrow health
and func on.
Overwhelming Bacterial Infec on - CORRECT ANSWER Severe infec on leading to
systemic symptoms.
,Aplas c Anemia - CORRECT ANSWER Failure of bone marrow to produce blood cells.
Sickle Cells - CORRECT ANSWER Abnormally shaped red blood cells in sickle cell disease.
Le Ventricular Hypertrophy - CORRECT ANSWER Thickening of the heart's le ventricle
due to pressure.
Aor c Stenosis - CORRECT ANSWER Narrowing of the aor c valve affec ng blood flow.
Aor c Dissec on - CORRECT ANSWER Tear in the aorta's inner layer causing severe pain.
Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER Heart rate over 100 bpm, o en symptoma c.
AV Dissocia on - CORRECT ANSWER Atria and ventricles beat independently.
Nonsustained Supraventricular Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER Intermi ent rapid heart
rate from atria.
Sustained Wide Complex Atrial Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER Persistent rapid atrial
rhythm with wide QRS.
Wide Complex Ventricular Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER Rapid ventricular rhythm with
wide QRS complexes.
Narrow Complex Ventricular Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER Rapid ventricular rhythm
with narrow QRS complexes.
, Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy - CORRECT ANSWER Heart muscle disease with
unknown cause, leads to dila on.
Ejec on Frac on - CORRECT ANSWER Percentage of blood pumped from heart per beat.
Mitral Valve Regurgita on - CORRECT ANSWER Backward flow of blood from le ventricle
to atrium.
Tricuspid Valve Regurgita on - CORRECT ANSWER Backward flow of blood from right
ventricle to atrium.
Bradycardia - CORRECT ANSWER Heart rate under 60 bpm, can indicate pathology.
Blocked Pathway at AV Node - CORRECT ANSWER Interrup on in electrical conduc on
below atrioventricular node.
Blocked Pathway at SA Node - CORRECT ANSWER Interrup on in electrical conduc on at
sinoatrial node.
Reentry Pathway - CORRECT ANSWER Electrical impulse reenters a previous conduc on
pathway.
Paravalvular Leak - CORRECT ANSWER Leakage around a prosthe c heart valve.
Aor c Stenosis - CORRECT ANSWER Narrowing of the aor c valve, obstructs blood flow.
