Biod 151 Module 5 problem set
Questions and Answers
Name the three types of muscle tissue found in the body. - ANSWER-Cardiac, smooth,
skeletal
What does it mean that skeletal muscles are under conscious control? - ANSWER-A
person can consciously decide to use their muscles to complete an action
What structures are included in the central nervous system? - ANSWER-brain and
spinal cord
Describe a motor action vs. sensory input in terms of the nervous system. - ANSWER-
Motor actions is when the central nervous system sends an impulse to the muscle.
Sensory input is when the nerves carry information from the external environment.
True or false: The brachial plexus supplies nerves to the lower extremities. - ANSWER-
false
Describe the difference between tendons and ligaments. - ANSWER-Tendons connect
to the skeletal muscle and ligaments conect bone to bone stabilizes the joints where
bones meet.
Describe the meaning of muscle origin and insertion. - ANSWER-The origin is the bony
site of attachment that is stationary during the movement. The insertion is the bony site
of attachment that is moved by the muscle contraction. The origin and insertion can be
reversed in different types of movements.
Describe the meaning of muscle action and innervation. - ANSWER-The action of the
muscle is movement of the body caused by contraction of the muscles Innervation is
providing movement to the muscles fibers for a specific muscle.
Practice: Muscles of Facial Expression
*NOTE* This is not an exhaustive list. All the muscles in the module need to be learned
for the exam. meaning of muscle action and innervation. - ANSWER-
Identify the muscle indicated below. Also name its action and innervation. - ANSWER-
Orbicularis Oculi
action: eye closure
innervation: facial nerve (CN VII)
( The picture in the exam is pointing to around the eye)
, Identify the muscle indicated below. Also name its action and innervation. - ANSWER-
Orbicularis Oris
action: mouth closure: closes lines, protrudes lips forward, presses lips against teeth
innervation: facial nerve (CN VII)
(On the exam the arrow is point around the mouth)
Identify the muscle indicated below. Also name its action and innervation. - ANSWER-
Risorius
action: pulls the corners of the mouth posteriorly (grin or grimace)
innervation: facial nerve (CN VII)
(on the exam the arrow is point to a small muscle near the mouth on the cheek)
Identify the muscle below. Also name its origin, insertion, action, and innervation. -
ANSWER-Trapezius (upper, middle, lower) Origin: occipital bone, spinous process of
T1-12 Insertion: lateral clavicle, acromion, and scapular spine of scapula Action:
rotation, retraction, elevation, depression of scapula; extends neck and stabilizes
shoulder Innervation: Accessory nerve (Cranial Nerve 11)
Identify the muscle below (in blue). Also name its origin, insertion, action, and
innervation. - ANSWER-Origin: transverse process of C1-4Insertion: medial border of
scapulaAction: elevates scapulaInnervation: dorsal scapular nerve
Identify the muscle below (in blue). Also name its origin, insertion, action, and
innervation. - ANSWER-Rhomboids (major)Origin: spinous process T2-5Insertion:
medial border of scapulaAction: retraction of scapulaInnervation: dorsal scapular nerve
Identify the muscles below (A and B). Also name their origins, insertions, actions, and
innervations. - ANSWER-A: Pectoralis minor Origin: ribs 3-5 Insertion: coracoid process
of scapula Action: elevates ribs, draws scapula down and medially Innervation: medial
pectoral nerve
B: Serratus Anterior Origin: upper 8-9 ribs Insertion: medial border of scapula Action:
protraction of scapula Innervation: long thoracic nerve
Identify the muscles below (A, B, and C). Also name their origins, insertions, actions,
and innervations. - ANSWER-A: Deltoid (middle) Origin: clavicle and scapula Insertion:
deltoid tuberosity of humerus Action: abduction at shoulder (whole muscle) Innervation:
axillary nerve
B: Pectoralis major Origin: ribs 2-6, body of sternum Insertion: greater tubercle of
humerus Action: flexion, adduction and medial rotation at shoulder Innervation: pectoral
nerves
C: Latissimus Dorsi Origin: spinous process of inferior thoracic and lumbar vertebrae,
ribs 8-12 Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus Action: extension, adduction, and
medial rotation at shoulder Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve
Questions and Answers
Name the three types of muscle tissue found in the body. - ANSWER-Cardiac, smooth,
skeletal
What does it mean that skeletal muscles are under conscious control? - ANSWER-A
person can consciously decide to use their muscles to complete an action
What structures are included in the central nervous system? - ANSWER-brain and
spinal cord
Describe a motor action vs. sensory input in terms of the nervous system. - ANSWER-
Motor actions is when the central nervous system sends an impulse to the muscle.
Sensory input is when the nerves carry information from the external environment.
True or false: The brachial plexus supplies nerves to the lower extremities. - ANSWER-
false
Describe the difference between tendons and ligaments. - ANSWER-Tendons connect
to the skeletal muscle and ligaments conect bone to bone stabilizes the joints where
bones meet.
Describe the meaning of muscle origin and insertion. - ANSWER-The origin is the bony
site of attachment that is stationary during the movement. The insertion is the bony site
of attachment that is moved by the muscle contraction. The origin and insertion can be
reversed in different types of movements.
Describe the meaning of muscle action and innervation. - ANSWER-The action of the
muscle is movement of the body caused by contraction of the muscles Innervation is
providing movement to the muscles fibers for a specific muscle.
Practice: Muscles of Facial Expression
*NOTE* This is not an exhaustive list. All the muscles in the module need to be learned
for the exam. meaning of muscle action and innervation. - ANSWER-
Identify the muscle indicated below. Also name its action and innervation. - ANSWER-
Orbicularis Oculi
action: eye closure
innervation: facial nerve (CN VII)
( The picture in the exam is pointing to around the eye)
, Identify the muscle indicated below. Also name its action and innervation. - ANSWER-
Orbicularis Oris
action: mouth closure: closes lines, protrudes lips forward, presses lips against teeth
innervation: facial nerve (CN VII)
(On the exam the arrow is point around the mouth)
Identify the muscle indicated below. Also name its action and innervation. - ANSWER-
Risorius
action: pulls the corners of the mouth posteriorly (grin or grimace)
innervation: facial nerve (CN VII)
(on the exam the arrow is point to a small muscle near the mouth on the cheek)
Identify the muscle below. Also name its origin, insertion, action, and innervation. -
ANSWER-Trapezius (upper, middle, lower) Origin: occipital bone, spinous process of
T1-12 Insertion: lateral clavicle, acromion, and scapular spine of scapula Action:
rotation, retraction, elevation, depression of scapula; extends neck and stabilizes
shoulder Innervation: Accessory nerve (Cranial Nerve 11)
Identify the muscle below (in blue). Also name its origin, insertion, action, and
innervation. - ANSWER-Origin: transverse process of C1-4Insertion: medial border of
scapulaAction: elevates scapulaInnervation: dorsal scapular nerve
Identify the muscle below (in blue). Also name its origin, insertion, action, and
innervation. - ANSWER-Rhomboids (major)Origin: spinous process T2-5Insertion:
medial border of scapulaAction: retraction of scapulaInnervation: dorsal scapular nerve
Identify the muscles below (A and B). Also name their origins, insertions, actions, and
innervations. - ANSWER-A: Pectoralis minor Origin: ribs 3-5 Insertion: coracoid process
of scapula Action: elevates ribs, draws scapula down and medially Innervation: medial
pectoral nerve
B: Serratus Anterior Origin: upper 8-9 ribs Insertion: medial border of scapula Action:
protraction of scapula Innervation: long thoracic nerve
Identify the muscles below (A, B, and C). Also name their origins, insertions, actions,
and innervations. - ANSWER-A: Deltoid (middle) Origin: clavicle and scapula Insertion:
deltoid tuberosity of humerus Action: abduction at shoulder (whole muscle) Innervation:
axillary nerve
B: Pectoralis major Origin: ribs 2-6, body of sternum Insertion: greater tubercle of
humerus Action: flexion, adduction and medial rotation at shoulder Innervation: pectoral
nerves
C: Latissimus Dorsi Origin: spinous process of inferior thoracic and lumbar vertebrae,
ribs 8-12 Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus Action: extension, adduction, and
medial rotation at shoulder Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve
