AOCNP REVIEW EXAM
AOCNP REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
4 phases of the cell cycle - correct answer G1, S, G2 and M
What is the first phase of the cell cycle? - correct answer G1- cell
grows in size and synthesizes mRNA and proteins that are
necessary for DNA synthesis
What is the second phase of the cell cycle? - correct answer S phase-
DNA replication occurs; each chromosome is replicated to
produce two sister chromatids
What is the third phase of the cell cycle? - correct answer G2- cell
continues to grow and produces new proteins and organelles;
ensures that everything is in place for a smooth division into
two daughter cells
,AOCNP REVIEW EXAM
What is the final phase of the cell cycle? - correct answer M phase-
mitosis; cell divided its copied DNA and cytoplasm to create two
new cells
What are the two types of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)? -
correct answer Typical: aka- diarrhea associated; form that most
commonly occurs in children triggered by an infection
Atypical: usually a genetic component; associated with poor
prognosis and risk of progressing to chronic kidney disease or
long-term dialysis
What is the triad of symptoms of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
(HUS)? - correct answer anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute
kidney injury
What are the key elements in a cancer treatment summary? -
correct answer Demographic/contact information, disease specifics,
treatment specifics, follow-up care plan, and cancer screening
recommendations
What is a primary concern with the use of Gemcitabine? - correct
answer -Its impact on bone marrow; it can cause
myelosuppression which can lead to neutropenia, making
patients more susceptible to infection
,AOCNP REVIEW EXAM
-Significant risk of bleeding/thrombocytopenia
What is melphalan primarily used to treat? - correct answer
Alkylating agent used to treat ovarian, multiple myeloma,
rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, and in conditioning
regimens before bone marrow transplant
What is ifosfamide primarily used to treat? - correct answer
testicular cancer, lymphoma, and sarcomas
What is one of the side effects of ifosfamide? - correct answer
Bladder toxicity; often given with Mesna to reduce bladder
irritation and bleeding
What is paclitaxel primarily used to treat? - correct answer ovarian,
breast, lung, and pancreatic cancers
Where is paclitaxel primarily metabolized and excreted? - correct
answer Metabolized in the liver and eliminated through bile
What agents are known to cause alopecia? - correct answer
etoposide, cyclophosphamide, docetaxel, doxorubicin,
ifosfamide, paclitaxel
, AOCNP REVIEW EXAM
What are the types of cancer biomarkers? - correct answer
hormones, oncofetal antigens, enzymes, proteins, genetic
markers, and hormone receptors
What are the components of the metastatic cascade? - correct
answer Detachment, invasion, survival in transport, arrest in
distant organ capillary beds, establishment of secondary tumors
What is the mechanism of action of monoclonal antibodies (ex:
rituximab)? - correct answer they target specific antigens on cancer
cells, marking them for immune destruction or interfering with
tumor growth
What are the common side effects of immune checkpoint
inhibitors (Ex: nivolumab, pembrolizumab)? - correct answer
Immune-related adverse events: pneumonitis, colitis, hepatitis,
hypothyroidism
What lab value is typically elevated in tumor lysis syndrome? -
correct answer Uric acid, potassium, phosphate, and LDH; calcium is
decreased
AOCNP REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
4 phases of the cell cycle - correct answer G1, S, G2 and M
What is the first phase of the cell cycle? - correct answer G1- cell
grows in size and synthesizes mRNA and proteins that are
necessary for DNA synthesis
What is the second phase of the cell cycle? - correct answer S phase-
DNA replication occurs; each chromosome is replicated to
produce two sister chromatids
What is the third phase of the cell cycle? - correct answer G2- cell
continues to grow and produces new proteins and organelles;
ensures that everything is in place for a smooth division into
two daughter cells
,AOCNP REVIEW EXAM
What is the final phase of the cell cycle? - correct answer M phase-
mitosis; cell divided its copied DNA and cytoplasm to create two
new cells
What are the two types of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)? -
correct answer Typical: aka- diarrhea associated; form that most
commonly occurs in children triggered by an infection
Atypical: usually a genetic component; associated with poor
prognosis and risk of progressing to chronic kidney disease or
long-term dialysis
What is the triad of symptoms of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
(HUS)? - correct answer anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute
kidney injury
What are the key elements in a cancer treatment summary? -
correct answer Demographic/contact information, disease specifics,
treatment specifics, follow-up care plan, and cancer screening
recommendations
What is a primary concern with the use of Gemcitabine? - correct
answer -Its impact on bone marrow; it can cause
myelosuppression which can lead to neutropenia, making
patients more susceptible to infection
,AOCNP REVIEW EXAM
-Significant risk of bleeding/thrombocytopenia
What is melphalan primarily used to treat? - correct answer
Alkylating agent used to treat ovarian, multiple myeloma,
rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, and in conditioning
regimens before bone marrow transplant
What is ifosfamide primarily used to treat? - correct answer
testicular cancer, lymphoma, and sarcomas
What is one of the side effects of ifosfamide? - correct answer
Bladder toxicity; often given with Mesna to reduce bladder
irritation and bleeding
What is paclitaxel primarily used to treat? - correct answer ovarian,
breast, lung, and pancreatic cancers
Where is paclitaxel primarily metabolized and excreted? - correct
answer Metabolized in the liver and eliminated through bile
What agents are known to cause alopecia? - correct answer
etoposide, cyclophosphamide, docetaxel, doxorubicin,
ifosfamide, paclitaxel
, AOCNP REVIEW EXAM
What are the types of cancer biomarkers? - correct answer
hormones, oncofetal antigens, enzymes, proteins, genetic
markers, and hormone receptors
What are the components of the metastatic cascade? - correct
answer Detachment, invasion, survival in transport, arrest in
distant organ capillary beds, establishment of secondary tumors
What is the mechanism of action of monoclonal antibodies (ex:
rituximab)? - correct answer they target specific antigens on cancer
cells, marking them for immune destruction or interfering with
tumor growth
What are the common side effects of immune checkpoint
inhibitors (Ex: nivolumab, pembrolizumab)? - correct answer
Immune-related adverse events: pneumonitis, colitis, hepatitis,
hypothyroidism
What lab value is typically elevated in tumor lysis syndrome? -
correct answer Uric acid, potassium, phosphate, and LDH; calcium is
decreased
