BIOL 252 Human Anatomy & Physiology II w/Lab | Module 8 Exam Review 100+ Questions and Answers -Summary | Module 8: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

BIOL 252 Human Anatomy & Physiology II w/Lab | Module 8 Exam
Review 100+ Questions and Answers -Summary |
Module 8: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
100 Questions — Review Set


Question 1
Total body water constitutes approximately 50-60% of body weight in adults. True or False?
✓ True
□ False
Correct Answer: True
Feedback: Total body water averages about 50-60% of body weight, varying with age, gender, and body fat
composition.


Question 2
Which fluid compartment contains the majority of body water?
□ A. Extracellular fluid
✓ B. Intracellular fluid
□ C. Interstitial fluid
□ D. Plasma
Correct Answer: B. Intracellular fluid
Feedback: The intracellular fluid (ICF) contains about two-thirds (approximately 63%) of total body water,
while extracellular fluid contains the remaining one-third.


Question 3
The extracellular fluid compartment includes which of the following?
□ A. Intracellular fluid and plasma
✓ B. Interstitial fluid and plasma
□ C. Cerebrospinal fluid and synovial fluid only
□ D. Cytosol and organelle fluid
Correct Answer: B. Interstitial fluid and plasma
Feedback: Extracellular fluid (ECF) includes interstitial fluid, plasma, and other transcellular fluids such as
cerebrospinal, synovial, and pleural fluids.


Question 4
Which of the following is the most abundant cation in intracellular fluid?
□ A. Sodium (Na⁺)

, ✓ B. Potassium (K⁺)
□ C. Calcium (Ca²⁺)
□ D. Magnesium (Mg²⁺)
Correct Answer: B. Potassium (K⁺)
Feedback: Potassium is the predominant intracellular cation, essential for resting membrane potential and
cellular function.


Question 5
Which cation is the most abundant in extracellular fluid?
□ A. Potassium (K⁺)
□ B. Magnesium (Mg²⁺)
✓ C. Sodium (Na⁺)
□ D. Calcium (Ca²⁺)
Correct Answer: C. Sodium (Na⁺)
Feedback: Sodium is the major extracellular cation, playing a key role in fluid balance, nerve impulse
transmission, and muscle contraction.


Question 6
The major anion in extracellular fluid is chloride (Cl⁻). True or False?
✓ True
□ False
Correct Answer: True
Feedback: Chloride is the primary anion in the ECF, often accompanying sodium to maintain electrical
neutrality and osmotic balance.


Question 7
Which of the following is NOT a transcellular fluid?
□ A. Cerebrospinal fluid
□ B. Synovial fluid
✓ C. Plasma
□ D. Pericardial fluid
Correct Answer: C. Plasma
Feedback: Plasma is part of the extracellular fluid but is not considered transcellular fluid; transcellular fluids
include CSF, synovial, pleural, pericardial, and digestive juices.


Question 8

, Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of
lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration. True or False?
✓ True
□ False
Correct Answer: True
Feedback: Osmosis drives water movement to equalize solute concentrations across membranes, moving
from low solute (high water) to high solute (low water) areas.


Question 9
Osmolarity refers to the total concentration of solutes in a solution. True or False?
✓ True
□ False
Correct Answer: True
Feedback: Osmolarity is the measure of solute particles per liter of solution, determining osmotic pressure
and water movement.


Question 10
Isotonic solutions have the same osmolarity as body fluids and cause no net water
movement across cell membranes. True or False?
✓ True
□ False
Correct Answer: True
Feedback: Isotonic solutions (e.g., 0.9% NaCl) maintain cell volume because water moves in and out at equal
rates.


Question 11
A hypertonic solution causes cells to:
□ A. Swell and burst
✓ B. Shrink (crenate)
□ C. Remain unchanged
□ D. Lyse
Correct Answer: B. Shrink (crenate)
Feedback: Hypertonic solutions have higher osmolarity than cells, causing water to leave cells, leading to
shrinkage (crenation).


Question 12